TOEFL托福阅读长难句分析.doc

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1、TOEFL托福阅读长难句分析为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，小编给大家整理托福阅读长难句，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福阅读长难句1今天我们来看这样一个句子：It has been said that Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners captured in a battle fought near Samarqand between the Chineseand the Muslims in 751, and the technique of papermaking - in which cellulosepulp extrac

2、ted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets - slowly spread westward.(TPO34, 62)cellulose / selj?l?z/ n. 纤维素pulp /p?lp/ n. 果肉;纸浆extract /?k str?kt/ vt. 取出，拔出;压出, 榨出(汁液等);选录，摘录suspend /s? spend/ vt. 悬挂或吊起某物;使(某物)悬浮;使(某事物)暂停s

3、creen n. (筛煤 砾石等的)筛子flexible / fl?ks?bl/ adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的， 有弹性的大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解It has been said that Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners (capturedin a battle)(fought near Samarqand)(between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751), and the technique of papermaking - (in which cellulose pulp extr

4、acted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets) - slowly spread westward.(TPO34, 62)托福阅读长难句100句分析：这个句子的主干是：It has been said that + 从句从句的主干是：Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners and the technique of papermaking slowly

5、 spread westward修饰一：(captured in a battle)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词，修饰the prisoners中文：在战争中被俘修饰二：(fought near Samarqand)，非谓语动词，相当于形容词，修饰battle中文：在撒马尔罕附近修饰三：(between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751)，介词短语中文：在751年，在中国和穆斯林之间修饰四：(in which cellulose pulp extracted from any of severalplants is first suspended in wat

6、er, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets)，从句，修饰the technique of papermaking注意：从句里面还有一个非谓语动词修饰cellulosepulpcellulose pulp (extracted from any ofseveral plants) is first suspended in water中文：首先从几颗植物中提取纤维素纸浆悬浮在水中，在精致的筛子上过滤，然后烘干成有韧性的纸张托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：据说在751年，在中国和穆斯林之间，在撒马尔罕附近的一场战

7、役中，中国的造纸匠被虏成为囚犯，这样造纸术(首先从几颗植物中提取纤维素纸浆悬浮在水中，在精致的筛子上过滤，然后烘干成有韧性的纸张)才缓慢向西方传播。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词、介词短语和从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句2For example, in traditional architecture, stone or brick walls served a structural role, but in a steel-beam building the walls were essentially hung from t

8、he internal skeleton of steel beams, which meant that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways. (TPO37, 50)beam /bi?m/ n. 梁skeleton / sk?l?tn/ n. 骨骼，骨架大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解(For example), (in traditional architecture), stone or brick walls served a struct

9、ural role, but (in a steel-beam building) the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams, (which meant) (that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.) (TPO37, 50)托福阅读长难句100句分析：这个句子的主干：stone or brick walls served a structura

10、l role, but the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams修饰一：(For example) ，介词短语中文：例如修饰二：(in traditional architecture) ，介词短语中文：在传统建筑设计中修饰三：(in a steel-beam building) ，介词短语中文：在钢梁的建筑中修饰四：(which meant) ，从句中文：意味着修饰五：(that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but cou

11、ld be opened up in unexpected ways.) ，从句中文：墙和角落不再需要是实心的而是以一种意外的方式能够打开托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：例如，在传统的建筑设计中，石头墙或砖墙起到了结构性作用，但在钢梁的建筑中，墙本质上是悬挂在钢梁的内在骨架上，这意味着墙和角落不再需要是实心的而是以一种意外的方式能够打开。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句3Anaximander,observing the motions of the heavens around the polest

12、ar, was probably the first of the Greek philosophers to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth-an idea that, elaborated upon later, would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century.(TPO37, 46)polestarn. 北极星sphere /sf?/ n. 球体，球形;范围;社会阶层，社会地位elabor

13、ate/? l?b?ret/ v. 详尽解释或说明，详细制定prevail /pr? ve?l/ v. 流行，盛行advent / ?dv?nt/ n. 来临，到来大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解Anaximander, (observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar), was probably the first of the Greek philosophers (to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth)-(an idea) (that,

14、(elaborated upon later), would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century).(TPO37, 46)托福阅读长难句100句分析：这个句子的主干：Anaximander was probably the first of the Greek philosophers修饰一：(observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar) ，非谓语动词中文：观察围绕北极星运动的天体修饰二：(to pi

15、cture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth) ，非谓语动词中文：把天空描绘成完全围绕地球的球体修饰三：(an idea) ，同位语中文：一个想法修饰四：(elaborated upon later) ，非谓语动词中文：后来被详细阐述修饰五：(that would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century) ，从句，修饰idea中文：会流行到17世纪科技革命的到来。托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：Anaximande

16、r(一直观察围绕北极星运动的天体)可能是第一个希腊哲学家把天空描绘成完全围绕地球的球体这个想法(后来被详细阐述)会流行到17世纪科技革命的到来。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、非谓语动词以及同位语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句4The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened during the rest of the century by the rise of a type of government known as a tyranny, which is

17、a form of interim rule by a popular strongman (not rule by a ruthless dictator as the modem use of the term suggests to us). (TPO40, 54)tyranny / t?r?ni/ n. 残暴，专横，专制interim / ?nt?r?m/ adj. 临时的，暂时的ruthless / ru?l?s/ adj. 无怜悯心的，残忍的dictator /d?k te?t?/ n. 独裁者;霸道的人，爱发号施令者rule n. 统治，管理大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解

18、The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened (during the rest of the century) (by the rise of a type of government) (known as a tyranny), (which is a form of interim rule by a popular strongman) (not rule (by a ruthless dictator) (as the modem use of the term suggests to us).(TPO40,

19、 54)托福阅读长难句100句解析：这个句子的主干就是：The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened修饰一：(during the rest of the century) ，介词短语中文：在这个世纪剩余的时间里修饰二：(by the rise of a type ofgovernment)，介词短语中文：一种类型政府的崛起修饰三：(known as a tyranny) ，非谓语动词中文：称之为专制修饰四：(which is a form of interim ruleby a popular strongman)

20、 ，从句中文：它是被一个铁腕人物暂时管理的一种形式修饰五：(by a ruthless dictator) ，介词短语中文：通过一个无情的独裁者修饰六：(as the modem use of the termsuggests to us)，从句中文：正如现在使用这个词表明的那样托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：在这个世纪剩余的时间里，雅典贵族的力量由于专制政府它是被一个铁腕人物暂时管理的一种形式(不是我们现在使用这个词表明的那样是由一个无情的独裁者统治)的兴起进一步削弱了。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、介词短语和非谓语动词，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构

21、。托福阅读长难句5The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C., when he broke the aristocracys stranglehold on elected offices by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing t

22、he assembly (of whichall citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases. (TPO40, 64)aristocracy /?r? st?kr?s?/ n. 贵族阶级，贵族stranglehold / str?lh?uld/ n. 扼制，压制，束缚abolish /? b?l?/ v. 废除，废止obligation /?bl? ge?(?)n/ n. 义务，职责assembly /? sembl?/ n. 集合，集会;装配，安装overrul

23、e /?v? ru?l/ v. 否决，驳回大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C., (when he broke the aristocracys stranglehold on elected offices) (by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians

24、to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of which all citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases.)(TPO40, 64)托福阅读长难句100句分析：这个句子的主干就是：The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C.修饰一：(when he broke the aristocracys stranglehold on ele

25、cted offices) ，从句中文：当他打破了贵族对于选举的束缚。修饰二：(by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of whichall citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts

26、 incertain cases.)，介词短语这个修饰成分比较复杂，介词后面接了三个并列的非谓语动词：1：establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding2：abolishing the economicobligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy3：allowing the assembly (of which all citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local

27、courts in certain cases.其中第3个非谓语动词中还有一个从句：of which all citizens were equal members三个并列的非谓语动词中文如下：1：确定财富而不是出身作为任职的基础2：废除了普通雅典民众对贵族的经济义务3：并且允许大会(所有公民都是平等的成员)在一些情况下否决当地法院的决定中文：他通过确定财富而不是出身作为任职的基础、废除了普通雅典民众对贵族的经济义务并且允许大会(所有公民都是平等的成员)在一些情况下否决当地法院的决定托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：改变的第一步是在公元前594年由Solon发起的，那时候他通过确定财富而不是出身作为任职的基础、废除了普通雅典民众对贵族的经济义务并且允许大会(所有公民都是平等的成员)在一些情况下否决当地法院的决定，打破了贵族对于选举的束缚。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。如何同时准备TOEFL和GRE还互不耽误 如何同时准备TOEFL和GRE还互不耽误?“一心两用”是个技术活今天小编给大家带来了 第 13 页 共 13 页