高考英语阅读理解含答案解析实战演练.wps

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1、高考英语阅读理解含答案解析实战演练LONDON (Reuters) Quiet please Britain s QueenElizabeth is preparing to have her swans counted.Buckingham Palace has announced that the annual SwanUpping, a tradition dating back to the 12th century whichinvolves a census of the swan population on the RiverThames, will be conducted b

2、y the Queen s official SwanMarker from July 20 24.“ With the assistance of the Queen s Swan Warden,Professor Christopher Perrins of the University of Oxford,the swans and young cygnets (小天鹅小天鹅) are also assessed forany signs of injury or disease，” ，” Buckingham Palace saidin announcing the count.The

3、 process involves the Swan Marker, David Barber,rowing up the Thames for five days with the Swan Wardenin traditional skiffs while wearing special scarlet uniformsand counting, weighing and measuring swans and cygnets.It may seem eccentric, but it is very important to theQueen, According to custom,

4、Britain s sovereign owns allunmarked, mute swans in open water, but the Queen nowexercises the right only on stretches of the Thames and itsnearby tributaries.In medieval times, the Swan Marker would not onlytravel up the river counting the swans, but would catch asmany as possible as they were soug

5、htafter for banquetsand feasts.This year, the Swan Marker and the Swan Warden areparticularly keen to discover how much damage is beingcaused to swans and cygnets by attacks from dogs and fromdiscarded fishing tackle (渔具渔具)It is also an important year because Queen Elizabeth hasdecided to join her t

6、eam of Swan Uppers for part of thecensus. She will follow them up the river and visit a localschool project on the whole subject of swans, cygnets and theThames.“Education and conservation are essential to the role ofSwan Upping and the involvement of school children isalways a rewarding experience

7、， ” ， ” Buckingham Palacesaid.语篇解读语篇解读 泰晤士河上每年都要举行一个重要的活动 泰晤士河上每年都要举行一个重要的活动：数天鹅。英国皇室的这一传统已经延续了好几个世纪。数天鹅。英国皇室的这一传统已经延续了好几个世纪。1. In medieval times，_.A. swans were better protected than nowB. a lot of swans were killed by dogsC. swans were a delicious dish on royal banquetsD. common people could catch

8、 the swans解析解析 细节理解题。从文章倒数第四段可知，在中世纪 细节理解题。从文章倒数第四段可知，在中世纪天鹅被捉住，然后成为皇家宴会上的美味。天鹅被捉住，然后成为皇家宴会上的美味。答案答案 C2 We can infer from the passage that the process ofcounting the swans _.A. remains almost unchanged in the past yearsB. involves a lot of royal membersC. sometimes lasts longer than beforeD. is alwa

9、ys guarded by special soldiers解析解析 推理判断题。从文章第四段对数天鹅过程的描述 推理判断题。从文章第四段对数天鹅过程的描述以及参与清点的官员的穿着打扮可知，其过程几乎没有变以及参与清点的官员的穿着打扮可知，其过程几乎没有变化，因为这是一项传统活动。化，因为这是一项传统活动。答案答案 A3This year, the Swan Marker and the Swan Wardenmainly want to find out_.A. the exact number of swans and cygnetsB. how a local school projec

10、t is going onC. how much damage the swans and cygnets sufferD. how education and conservation are carried out alongthe Thames解析解析 细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段内容可知答案为 细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段内容可知答案为C。答案答案 C4 Which of the following is the main idea of thepassage?A. Britain s Queen is concerned about swans.B. Britain s Queen

11、orders a count of swans.C. An old tradition in Buckingham Palace.D. Queen Elizabeth will count swans herself.解析解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段是本文的主题段，英国 主旨大意题。文章第一段是本文的主题段，英国女王下令清点泰晤士河上的天鹅的数量。女王下令清点泰晤士河上的天鹅的数量。答案答案 B5 The underlined word “tributaries” can be bestreplaced by _.A. districts B. banksC. trees D. branche

12、s解析解析 词义理解题。根据语境和常识可知，此处是指在 词义理解题。根据语境和常识可知，此处是指在泰晤士河及其支流上生活的天鹅。故答案为泰晤士河及其支流上生活的天鹅。故答案为 D。答案答案 D长难句解读长难句解读 In medieval times, the Swan Markerwould not only travel up the river counting the swans, butwould catch as many as possible as they were soughtafterfor banquets and feasts.在中世纪，负责清点天鹅的人不仅在中世纪，负

13、责清点天鹅的人不仅沿河清点天鹅的数量，还会尽可能多地捕捉一些，因为天沿河清点天鹅的数量，还会尽可能多地捕捉一些，因为天鹅当时是宴会桌上的美餐。鹅当时是宴会桌上的美餐。本句是一个并列句，本句是一个并列句，not only.but(also).引导并列句，引导并列句，后面的后面的 as引导原因状语从句。引导原因状语从句。Happiness is contagious,_researchers reported onThursday.People with the most social connections spouses,friends, neighbors and relatives wer

14、e also the happiest,the data showed. “Each additional happy person makes youhappier，” ，” Christakis said.“ Imagine that I am connected to you and you areconnected to others and others are connected to still others.It is this fabric of humanity, like an American patch quilt.”Each person sits on a dif

15、ferentcolored patch. “Imaginethat these patches are happy and unhappy patches. Yourhappiness depends on what is going on in the patch aroundyou，” ，” Christakis said.“ It is not just happy people connecting with happypeople, which they do. Above and beyond, there is thiscontagious process going on.”A

16、nd happiness is more contagious than unhappiness, theydiscovered.“If a social contact is happy, it increases the likelihoodthat you are happy by 15 percent ， ” ， ” Fowler said. “Afriend of a friend, or the friend of a spouse or a sibling (兄弟兄弟姐 妹姐 妹 ), if they are happy, increases your chances by 10

17、percent，” ，” he added.A happy thirddegree friend the friend of a friend ofa friend increases a persons chances of being happy by 6percent.“ But every extra unhappy friend increases thelikelihood that youll be unhappy by 7 percent，” ，” Fowlersaid.The finding is interesting and it is useful, too, Fowl

18、ersaid.“ Among other benefits, happiness has been shown tohave an important effect on reduced mortality ( 死亡率死亡率 ),pain reduction, and improved cardiac (心脏的心脏的) function. Sobetter understanding of how happiness spreads can help uslearn how to promote a healthier society，” ，” he said.The study also f

19、its in with other data suggested in 1984that having $ 5,000 extra increased a persons chances ofbecoming happier by about 2 percent.“A happy friend is worth about $ 20,000，” ，” Christakissaid.语篇解读语篇解读 美国科学家的一项最新研究成果表明，快 美国科学家的一项最新研究成果表明，快乐感可以互相传递。这项研究成果为我们构建更为健康、和乐感可以互相传递。这项研究成果为我们构建更为健康、和谐的社会提供了依据和

20、方法。谐的社会提供了依据和方法。1According to the research, your happiness _.A. has nothing to do with your workmates or schoolmatesB. has something to do with anyone who has a closerelationship with youC. depends on those who are in favour of you or areagainst youD. has little to do with what social connections yo

21、u have解析解析 推理判断题。根据第二段、第三段内容可知，快 推理判断题。根据第二段、第三段内容可知，快乐感会不断传递和扩散，你的配偶、 朋友、 邻居、 亲戚等的快乐感会不断传递和扩散，你的配偶、 朋友、 邻居、 亲戚等的快乐指数会直接影响你的快乐程度，故选乐指数会直接影响你的快乐程度，故选 B。答案答案 B2 The underlined word “contagious” in the firstparagraph means _.A. infectious B. beautifulC. effective D. prior解析解析 词义猜测题。第一句是全文的主题句。由文章第 词义猜测

22、题。第一句是全文的主题句。由文章第二、三、四段可知，快乐感可以在人们之间传播，故二、三、四段可知，快乐感可以在人们之间传播，故contagious 的意思是“有感染力的，有传染性的”。的意思是“有感染力的，有传染性的”。答案答案 A3It can be inferred that_.A. happiness spreads as fast and widely as unhappinessB. unhappiness spreads faster and more widely thanhappinessC. happiness spreads faster and more widely t

23、hanunhappinessD. the spread of unhappiness has not been studied byresearchers解析解析 推理判断题。根据第六段“ 推理判断题。根据第六段“And happiness ismore contagious than unhappiness，they discovered.”一句一句可推知选可推知选 C。答案答案 C4Which of the following will increase your chances ofbecoming happier most?A. Being in a party with a happ

24、y atmosphere.B. A happy experience of your brother or your parents.C. A happy trip to a foreign country of your friends.D. Happiness of your friend s friend.解析解析 事实细节题。根据第七、第八段讲述的别人的快 事实细节题。根据第七、第八段讲述的别人的快乐感对你的影响几率可知，排在最前的是“乐感对你的影响几率可知，排在最前的是“If a socialcontact is happy”，故选，故选 A。答案答案 A5 What does Ch

25、ristakis mean by saying “A happyfriend is worth about $ 20,000” ?A. A happy friend can help you bring in a wealth of $20,000.B. A happy friend is a wealth which is worth about $20,000.C. A happy friend increases your chances of being happyby 2%.D. A happy friend increases your chances of being happy

26、by 8 %.解析解析 句意理解题。结合上一段中的“ 句意理解题。结合上一段中的“that having$5,000 extra increased a persons chances of becominghappier by about 2 percent”可知，一个快乐的朋友带给你可知，一个快乐的朋友带给你的快乐相当于大约的快乐相当于大约$20,000 带给你的快乐，也就是带给你的快乐，也就是$5,000 的的四倍，即一个快乐的朋友给你带来快乐的几率为四倍，即一个快乐的朋友给你带来快乐的几率为 8%，故选，故选D。答案答案 D长难句解读长难句解读 The study also fits

27、in with other datasuggested in 1984 that having $ 5,000 extra increased apersons chances of becoming happier by about 2 percent.该句为主从复合句，主句为该句为主从复合句，主句为 The study also fits in withother data ，suggested in 1984 为过去分词作定语修饰为过去分词作定语修饰data，后面，后面 that 引导的是同位语从句，说明引导的是同位语从句，说明 data 的内容。 该的内容。 该从句的主语为从句的主语为

28、 having $5,000 extra，a persons chances 为宾为宾语，语，of becoming happier 为定语修饰为定语修饰 chances，by about 2percent 为程度状语。为程度状语。The Parthenon in Athens is a building with a long andcomplex history. Built nearly 2,500 years ago as a templecelebrating the Greek goddess Athena, it was for thousandsof years the chu

29、rch of the Virgin Mary of the Athenians,then a mosque (清真寺清真寺), and finally a ruin. The building waschanged and the sculptures much damaged over thecenturies. By 1800 only about half of the original sculpturaldecoration remained.Between 1801 and 1805, Lord Elgin, the Britishambassador to the Ottoman

30、 Empire, which controlledAthens, acting with the full knowledge and permission of theOttoman authorities，removed about half of the remainingsculptures from the fallen ruins and from the buildingitself.Lord Elgin loved Greek history and transported thesculptures back to Britain. The arrival of the sc

31、ulptures inLondon had a huge effect on the European public, greatlyincreasing interest in ancient Greek culture and influencingcontemporary artistic trends. These sculptures wereacquired from Lord Elgin by the British Museum in 1816and since then they have all been on display to the public,free of c

32、harge.Since the early 1980s, however, the Greek governmenthas argued for the permanent removal to Athens of all theParthenon sculptures in the British Museum. They have alsochallenged the British Museum Board of Trustees legal titleto the sculptures.The British Museum, however, insists that it exist

33、s to tellthe story of cultural achievement throughout the world,from the dawn of human history over two million years agountil the present day. The museum considers itself animportant resource for the world: the breadth and depth ofits collection allows the world public to reexamine culturalidentiti

34、es and explore the complex network ofinterconnected world cultures.It also says that, within the context of this unparalleledcollection, the Parthenon sculptures are an importantrepresentation of ancient Athenian civilization. Each yearmillions of visitors admire the artistry of the sculptures andga

35、in insights on how ancient Greece influenced and wasinfluenced by the other civilizations that it encountered.1. For most of its history people went to the Parthenonto_.A. admire the goddess AthenaB. pray to their godC. search for sculpturesD. learn about its complex history答案答案 B2. The underlined “

36、it” (in Paragraph 4) refers to“_”A. the British MuseumB. the Greek governmentC. the ParthenonD. the British Museum Board of Trustees答案答案 A3. What can we infer from the passage?A. The sculptures introduced ancient Greek culture to thewest.B. Ancient Greek culture has greatly influenced worldculture.C

37、. The British Museum has made much money from theParthenon sculptures.D. The British Museum is the place most capable ofpreserving these sculptures.答案答案 B4. What can we learn about Lord Elgin from the passage?A. He is greatly admired in Greece.B. He worked for the Ottoman Empire.C. He saved the Part

38、henon sculptures from beingdestroyed.D. He had a deep interest in Greek culture.答案答案 D5. The authors main intention in writing this passage isto tell_.A. the history of the Parthenon and its sculpturesB. what people can see in the British MuseumC. why the British Museum refuses to return thesculptur

39、esD. the influence of Greece on British culture答案答案 CIf you travel to a new exhibit at the San FranciscoConservatory of Flowers, you will have chances to see somemeat-eating plants. Take bladderworts, a kind of such plant,for example. They appear so small and grow in a quiet pond.But these are the f

40、astest-known killers of the plant kingdom,able to capture a small insect in 1/50 of a second using a trapdoor!Once the trap door closes on the victim, the enzymes(酶酶)similar to those in the human stomach slowly digest theinsect. When dinner is over, the plant opens the trap doorand is ready to trap

41、again.Meat-eating plants grow mostly in wet areas with soilthat doesn t offer much food value. In such conditions, theseamazing plants have developed insect traps to get theirnutritional needs over thousands of years. North Americahas more such plants than any other continent.Generally speaking, the

42、 traps may have attractiveappearance to fool the eye, like pitcher plants, which gettheir name because they look like beautiful pitchers (acontainer like a bottle) full of nectar(花蜜花蜜)The Asian pitcher plant, for example, has bright colorsand an attractive half-closed lid. Curious insects are tempte

43、dto come close and take a sip, and then slide down theslippery (光滑的光滑的)slope to their deaths.Hair-like growths along the pitcher walls ensure thatnothing cab escape, and the digestive enzymes can get towork. A tiny insect can be digested in a few hours, but a flytakes a couple of days.Some of these

44、pitchers are large enough to hold twogallons. Meateating plants only eat people in sciencefiction movies, but sometimes a bird or other small animalswill discover that a pitcher plant isn t a good place to get adrink.语篇解读语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些特别的植 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些特别的植物靠捕食动物获得生长所需养分的“食肉植物”。物靠捕食动物获得生长所需养分的

45、“食肉植物”。1 From the first paragraph, we can know thatbladderworts can _.A. capture 50 small insects in a secondB. capture an insect in the shortest timeC. be found floating on a quiet lakeD. digest an insect in 1/50 of a second解析解析 细节理解题。第一段指出， 细节理解题。第一段指出，bladderworts 能在能在1/50 秒的时间内捕获一只小昆虫，是植物中已知的捕获动

46、秒的时间内捕获一只小昆虫，是植物中已知的捕获动物速度最快的，因此选物速度最快的，因此选 B。答案答案 B2If the trap door of a meateating plant is closed, theplant _.A. is fooling insects into taking a sipB. is producing nectarC. is tempting insects to come closeD. is enjoying a dinner解析解析 细节判断题。第二段说，一旦“陷阱门”将猎物 细节判断题。第二段说，一旦“陷阱门”将猎物关起来，类似于人胃里的那些消化酶就开

47、始慢慢地消化它关起来，类似于人胃里的那些消化酶就开始慢慢地消化它了，由此判断了，由此判断 D正确。正确。答案答案 D3Meateating plants can grow in wet and poor soilbecause they _.A. can get nutrition from animalsB. don t need much food valueC. can make the most of such conditionsD. have developed digestive enzymes解析解析 推理判断题。这些植物生长在潮湿贫瘠的土壤中 推理判断题。这些植物生长在潮湿贫

48、瘠的土壤中，为获得生长所需的养分，在数千年的进化中，它们演化出为获得生长所需的养分，在数千年的进化中，它们演化出了捕获昆虫的“陷阱”，由此推出它们主要从动物中获取了捕获昆虫的“陷阱”，由此推出它们主要从动物中获取养分，而不是从土壤中获取养分。养分，而不是从土壤中获取养分。答案答案 A4 Which of the following is the picture of the Asianpitcher plant?解析解析 推理判断题。 根据第四、 五、 六段可知亚洲捕虫草 推理判断题。 根据第四、 五、 六段可知亚洲捕虫草主要有这些特征：状如水瓶，颜色鲜亮，有半掩的盖子，主要有这些特征：状如水瓶，颜色鲜亮，有半掩的盖子，综合此三项可知，只有综合此三项可知，只有 A 项最合适。项最合适。答案答案 A5According to the passage, which of the following istrue?A. South Asia has the most meateating plants.B. Som