托福独立写作开头论述和结尾应该怎么写.doc

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1、托福独立写作开头论述和结尾应该怎么写托福独立写作想要拿到高分不仅要写出好的开头，还需要有充实的内容和漂亮的结尾。下面小编就和大家分享 托福独立写作开头论述和结尾应该怎么写，来欣赏一下吧。托福独立写作开头论述和结尾应该怎么写一.托福独立写作技巧之文章开头托福独立写作的开头无外乎介绍背景，引出话题，表明观点和限定下文发展四个方面。背景介绍一定要把握住关键词，不能跑题。很多学员死记硬背了一些开头句式，遇到什么题目都往里面套，结果当然很牵强。很多独立写作的题目完全可以逆向思维，题目说什么往往现实生活缺什么，可以从相反的方向入手去写。如：In order to improve teaching qual

2、ity, colleges and universities should increase professors salary. Do you agree or disagree?这个题目完全可以围绕教学质量展开，再谈到提升教学质量的方法，引入题目观点，后表明自己立场。从反面入手可以谈教学质量下滑令人担忧，人们为提升教学质量在想各种办法，有人建议增加教授们的工资作为激励手段，考生此时应表明自己的立场及理由。按这样的思路，第一段可以轻松达到50词以上。正如官方指南所讲“不要仅仅为了增加文章字数而死记硬背一些冗长的首末段。”Nowadays, the decline of teaching qu

3、ality has worried the public a lot. Some people suggest that the government should increase salary for professors in college and universities as incentives to improve teaching quality. From my perspective, this is an effective way to make the teaching staff willing to devote to their teaching. I fee

4、l this way for two major reasons.这样的开头既能很好地交代背景、引出话题又利于下文的展开。二.托福独立写作技巧之展开论述根据OG,评分人员评估考生作文的质量，即评估考生如何展开论点，组织文章结构。所以考生要学会用包括事例、细节、理由等在内的各种方式来支持文章的观点。我的主体段落通常采用总-分-总的思路去写。主体段落第一句必须是观点清楚的主题句，这个段落必须围绕主题句的controlling idea来展开，否则就会出现不切题的可能。论点的展开我通常会用到的写作手法有原因分析法，后果延伸法，反面假设法或正反对比法以及举例论证法，最后以归纳总结作为整个段落的结束。运

5、用这些方法写出的文章自然逻辑性强，组织严密，能很好地为主题服务。以赞同在公共场合禁烟为例，我的主体段落展开如下：Firstly, smoking is detrimental to the health of smokers and people around them. It is because tobacco contains many harmful even poisonous substances such as tar and nicotine, which can give rise to many respiratory diseases, say lung cancer.

6、If smoking is prohibited in public places, people do not need to worry about these terrible diseases. A typical example of this is mu uncle, mu mothers younger brother, who used to smoke many cigarettes a day, and later he was found to be sick with lung cancer. He had to accept an operation to cut o

7、ff part of his lung. What more, he had to suffer from the subsequent chemical treatment. Thus, for the health of smokers and people around, smoking must be banned in public places.上面这段文章运用这些手法比较容易地写出127个词，所以考生在写主体段落时一定要有清楚的思路，紧扣中心思想，运用上述写作方法就能较好地把握段落的统一性、渐进性和连贯性，使文章结构严谨，条理清晰。三.托福独立写作技巧之总结全文很多考生在前文纠结

8、时间太好，以至于最后没有时间去结尾。没有结尾的文章结构是不完整的。结尾可以从单个方面入手：concluding phrase, restatement of your standpoint and summary of your ideas. 从这三个方面入手，考生的构思好文章开头后就可以很快地敲定文章的结尾。托福写作模板:公共交通托福写作模板及范文参考：Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways，or should governments spend more money on improving p

9、ublic transportation (buses，trains，subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.托福写作范文参考：Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways or on improving public transportations? There seems to be a difficult problem since many reasons should be involved. H

10、owever， after carefully pondering it， I buttress the last one， spending the money on improving public transportation. The reasons are presented below：There is no denying that improving the public transportation will surely alleviate the pollution given off by enormous cars. If a city has not a devel

11、oped public transportation， the air will be polluted more heavily. What a dirty environment we will live in! Every day breathing into the air filled with the flour of the gasoline， seeing the sky with the dull color will be the title of our life.So the essence of environment has been realized by an

12、increasingly number of people， to the governments， the protection of environment is especially an undeniable mission. Another reason I agree with it is that developed public transportation will decrease the frequency of the traffic jams. Perhaps no worse word than “traffic jams” exists， to the busin

13、essmen who believe in “Time is money”. Traffic jams not only cost the people time and expense， but also create a bad mood for work. It greatly decreases the efficiency of the whole city. I imagine how can a city whose avenue full of traffic jams develop its economics?Finally， I want to say that impr

14、oving the public transportation provide a great number of ways of transportation for most of the poor people who can not afford to buy a car. It is known that our citizens is not made of only people who has the ability to own a car， but the very poor people are also included. I believe that however

15、the technology is improved， the public apparatus should not be ignored， because it serves the people all over the city.Nevertheless， the private transportation has its own advantages， for instance， it can save a lot of time in some cases， provide some convenience for people. But improving on roads a

16、nd highways is advantageous only conditionally. Based on the above discussion， I agree with the opinion that the government should spend money on improving public transportation not only it can protect environment and save time for people， but it also can create a convenient environment for all the

17、citizens.托福写作模板:英法战争The war between Britain and FranceIn the late eighteenth century, battles raged in almost every corner of Europe, as well as in the Middle East, south Africa ,the West Indies, and Latin America. In reality, however, there was only one major war during this time, the war between B

18、ritain and France. All other battles were ancillary to this larger conflict, and were often at least partially related to its antagonist goals and strategies. France sought total domination of Europe . this goal was obstructed by British independence and Britains efforts throughout the continent to

19、thwart Napoleon; through treaties. Britain built coalitions (not dissimilar in concept to todays NATO) guaranteeing British participation in all major European conflicts. These two antagonists were poorly matched, insofar as they had very unequal strengths; France was predominant on land, Britain at

20、 sea. The French knew that, short of defeating the British navy, their only hope of victory was to close all the ports of Europe to British ships. Accordingly, France set out to overcome Britain by extending its military domination from Moscow t Lisbon, from Jutland to Calabria. All of this entailed

21、 tremendous risk, because France did not have the military resources to control this much territory and still protect itself and maintain order at home.French strategists calculated that a navy of 150 ships would provide the force necessary to defeat the British navy. Such a force would give France

22、a three-to-two advantage over Britain. This advantage was deemed necessary because of Britains superior sea skills and technology because of Britains superior sea skills and technology, and also because Britain would be fighting a defensive war, allowing it to win with fewer forces. Napoleon never l

23、ost substantial impediment to his control of Europe. As his force neared that goal, Napoleon grew increasingly impatient and began planning an immediate attack.托福相关文章： 海棠无香 SAT考题又重复 中国学生接下来该怎么办 英语口语3000句第一课(1-94) 2020托福听力5大出题规律是什么 2020托福听力要提分的要求有哪些 美好的校园时光 “天气热”的十大英语表达 推免三分钟自我介绍范文5篇 托福独立写作常见话题 托福独立写作差常见话题为大家备考托福独立写作提供了方向，也能让大家在备考中更容易 托福写作应该做好哪些准备工作 托福写作是托福考试中的最后一项，那么想要顺利通过最后一关，我们在考前应该做些什么 托福独立写作满分范文写作技巧解析 托福独立写作是托福写作中的难点，因为独立写作需要大家根据给出话题写出一篇有理有据 托福写作评分标准详细解读 家都知道，托福写作包含两个部分，满分为30分，但是托福写作是如何评分的呢?今天小编 第 10 页 共 10 页