高考英语语法主谓一致.ppt

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1、1. 由由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那个工人兼作家那个工人兼作家) (比较：比较：The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那那位工人和那位作家位作家) Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. 2. Every and (every), each and (each , no and (no) , many a and (many

2、 a)连接两个单数名词作主语。连接两个单数名词作主语。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 3. one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +复数名词作主语。复数名词作主语。 Each of the students has a book. 4. clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。

3、等无生命的集合名词作主语。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 5. 以以s 结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语。主语。 Maths is one of my favourite subjects.6. 表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 7. 由由every-,any-,some

4、-,no-和和-one,-thing,-body等所构成的不定代词等所构成的不定代词作主语。作主语。 Is everyone here today?8. 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 9. 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。 1. 由由and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out

5、. 2. people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词作主语。等有生命的集体名词作主语。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3. goods, stairs, arms 等名词作主语。等名词作主语。 The goods were sold out. 4. 由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。结尾的专有名词作主语。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 5. a number of /quantities of

6、 /a group of +名词作主语。名词作主语。 A number of students are reading books in the classroom.1. 集体名词集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。 His family is a great one. His family are m

7、usic lovers. 2. means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are being built. 3. 作主语，以这些名词本身的单作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。复数而定。 The kind of paper is made of straw. Some kinds of animals are dying out. 4. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容等不定代词作

8、主语，根据其指代的内容而定。而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. 5. 作主语作主语: 谓语动词要和谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。之后的名词单复数保持一致。 Two thirds of the students are girls in our class. Two thirds of building was painted. Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 置置于主语后，谓语动词一

9、般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.We Chinese _ a hard-working people Ais Bare Cis being Dare being 此题应选此题应选 。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。

10、致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。 These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim The planets were the object of his study The most important thing I need is books The countrys leading export is watches The best part of the meal is the coffee and cookies1His family _ a small one2His family _ fat an

11、d short Ais，is Bare，are Cis，are Dare，is 此题应选此题应选 。family是一个集合名词，具有单数是一个集合名词，具有单数(侧重指整体侧重指整体)和和复数复数(侧重指个体侧重指个体)两种可能。类似这种用法的词主要的有：两种可能。类似这种用法的词主要的有： team(队，队员队，队员)，class(班，班上的全体学生班，班上的全体学生)，crowd(人群人群)，government(政府政府)，crew(乘务员乘务员)，committee(委员会，委员们委员会，委员们)，audience(听众听众)等：等： This class consists of 45

12、 students. Mr Green teaches it 这个班这个班45个学生，由格林先生教。个学生，由格林先生教。 This class are all diligent. Mr Green teaches them.这个班的学生都很用功，由格林先生教。这个班的学生都很用功，由格林先生教。 It was late, but the audience was increasing.时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。 The audience were all moved to tears.听众都感动得流了泪。听众都感动得流了泪。 The team is th

13、e best in the league这个队在联赛中打得最好。这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths足球队队员们在洗澡。足球队队员们在洗澡。 但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法：但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法： 1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数不可数)：clothing 衣服，衣服，poetry 诗歌，诗歌，baggageluggage 行李，行李，furniture家俱，家俱，machinery 机机械，械，scenery 景色，景色，jewellery珠宝等。珠宝等。 2. 有的集合

14、名词总是表示复数意义有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式但不用复数形式)：people人，人，police警察，警察，cattle牲口等。牲口等。 但是有些主语由于本身具有单数和复数两种可能，它的但是有些主语由于本身具有单数和复数两种可能，它的谓语到底用单数还是复数，要看具体的语境（多数情况是看谓语到底用单数还是复数，要看具体的语境（多数情况是看其后面词语的单复数），例如：其后面词语的单复数），例如：Who is your brother？谁是你的兄弟？谁是你的兄弟？Who are your brothers？哪些是你的兄弟？哪些是你的兄弟？What he said is quite

15、correct他所说的完全正确。他所说的完全正确。 What he left me are only a few old books他给我留下的只是他给我留下的只是几本旧书。几本旧书。1. You or he _ to blame你或他有一人要受责备。你或他有一人要受责备。2. _ you or he to blame? 受责备的是你还是他？受责备的是你还是他？ Ais，Is Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，Is 在通常情况下，两个并列主语由在通常情况下，两个并列主语由or，eitheror，neithernor，notbut，not onlybut（also）等连接时，其谓语通

16、常与第二个等连接时，其谓语通常与第二个主语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致，但是，在疑问句中则通常与主语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致，但是，在疑问句中则通常与第一个主语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致。第一个主语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致。 1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam Dbe3Not only I but also Jane an

17、d Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe4Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam DbeA library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift Ais offered Bhas offered Care offered Dhave offered 用连词用连词and连接的两个并列主语，其谓语要用复数，但是

18、若主连接的两个并列主语，其谓语要用复数，但是若主语跟有语跟有with, like, but, except, besides, including, together with, along with, as well as, more than, no less than, rather than等连接的另一个等连接的另一个名词，其谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。名词，其谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been2A woman

19、with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come3No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known4The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading5All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere

20、 killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 6. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 7. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered8. When and where to build the

21、 new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 9. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were10. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in da

22、ily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 11. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are主谓一致精练与解析1.More than one person here _ with the disease. A. has been infected B. have been

23、infected C. has been infecting D. have been infecting由more than one 修饰单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数又如：More than one man was injured in the accident. More than one house has been repaired.2. One or perhaps more pages _ missing. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been由or连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与靠近它的主语一致。又如：Are you or he

24、 to drive ? Was she or you there ?3.An expert, together with some assistants, _ to help in this work. A. was sent B. were sent C. is sending D. are sending由 with，together with，along with，rather than，no less than ， but， besides，except等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前一个相一致。又如：Nobody but John and Helen was absent

25、. I, rather than you, am responsible for the accident.4.The police _ the black in winter. A. wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on英语中，一些表示总称意义的名词，如：police，people，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。又如：Some people spend a lot of money on clothes. Cattle are raised everywhere by the farmers.5.The number of students t

26、hat you have met _ the life of the team. A. are B. is C. were D. bethe number of复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。a number of复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。又如：The number of cars is increasing in Beijing. A number of books have been published on this subject.6. To get up early and to go to sleep early _ good for your health. A. is B.

27、are C. was D. were由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形式。又如：Whether to go on or return is not known. Time and tide waits for no man.7. More students than one _. A. were punished B. is punished C. was punished D. will punishMore 复数名词 than one 和 more than one 单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者

28、用作单数。又如：More students than one were punished. More than one student was punished.8. What they need _ more people. A. is B. are C. has D. have 名词从句作主语时，通常表示单数概念，谓语动词常用单数， 但所指内容是复数意义时，谓语动词用复数。本句从表语more people 可以得知主语what we need指复数内容。 又如：What we need is more time. What he needs are books. What he says and what he does do not agree.