托福考试阅读试题.doc

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1、托福考试阅读试题为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，小编给大家整理了托福考试阅读冲刺,下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福考试阅读冲刺1Geographers say that what defines a place are four properties: soil, climate, altitude, and aspect, or attitude to the Sun. Florida s ancient scrub demonstrates this principle. Its soil is pure silica, so barren it supports only lich

2、ens as ground cover. It does, however, sustain a sand-swimming lizard that cannot live where there is moisture or plant matter the soil. Its climate, despite more than 50 inches of annual rainfall, is blistering desert. The only plant life it can sustain is the xerophytic, the quintessentially dry.

3、Its altitude is a mere couple of hundred feet, but it is high ground on a peninsula elsewhere close to sea level, and its drainage is so critical that a difference of inches in elevation can bring major changes in its plant communities. Its aspect is flat direct, brutal and subtropical.Florida s sur

4、rounding lushness cannot impinge on its desert scrubbiness. This does not sound like an attractive place. It does not look much like one either: shrubby little oaks, clumps of scraggly bushes prickly pear, thorns, and tangles. It appears, Said one early naturalist, to desire to display the result of

5、 the misery through which it has passed and is passing . By our narrow standards, scrub is not beautiful; neither does it meet our selfish utilitarian needs. Even the name is an epithet, a synonym for the stunted, the scruffy, the insignificant, what is beautiful about such a place?The most importan

6、t remaining patches of scrub lie along the Lake Wales Ridge, a chain of paleoislands running for a hundred miles down the center of Florida, in most places less than ten miles wide. It is relict seashore, tossed up millions of years ago when ocean levels were higher and the rest of the peninsula was

7、 submerged. That ancient emergence is precisely what makes Lake Wales Ridge so precious: it has remained unsubmerged, its ecosystems essentially undisturbed since the Miocene era. As a result, it has gathered to itself one of the largest collections of rare organisms in the world. Only about 75 plan

8、t species survive there, but at least 30 of these are found nowhere else on Earth.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) How geographers define a place(B) The characteristics of Florida s ancient scrub(C) An early naturalist s opinion of Florida(D) The history of the Lake Wales Ridge2. The auth

9、or mentions all of the following factors that define a place EXCEPT(A) aspect(B) altitude(C) soil(D) life-forms3. It can be inferred from the passage that soil composed of silica(A) does not hold moisture(B) is found only in Florida(C) nourishes many kinds of ground cover(D) provides food for many k

10、inds of lizards4. The word sustain in line 6 is closets in meaning to(A) select(B) strain(C) support(D) store5. The author mentions the prickly pear (line 12) as an example of(A) valuable fruit-bearing plants of the scrub area(B) unattractive plant life of the scrub area(C) a pant discovered by an e

11、arly naturalist(D) plant life that is extremely rare6. The author suggests that human standards of beauty are(A) tolerant(B) idealistic(C) defensible(D) limited7. The word insignificant in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) unimportant(B) undisturbed(C) immature(D) inappropriate8. According to the

12、passage , why is the Lake Wales Ridge valuable?(A) It was originally submerged in the ocean.(B) It is less than ten miles wide.(C) It is located near the seashore.(D) It has ecosystems that have long remained unchanged9. The word it in line 21 refer to(A) Florida(B) the peninsula(C) the Lake Wales R

13、idge(D) the Miocene era10. The passage probably continues with a discussion of(A) ancient scrub found in other areas of the country(B) geographers who study Florida s scrub(C) the climate of the Lake Wales Ridge(D) the unique plants found on the Lake Wales Ridge参考答案：BDACB DADCD托福考试阅读冲刺2What unusual

14、or unique biological trait led to the remarkable diversification and unchallenged success of the ants for ever 50 million years? The answer appears to be that they were the first group of predatory eusocial insects that both lived and foraged primarily in the soil and in rotting vegetation on the gr

15、ound. Eusocial refers to a form of insect society characterized by specialization of tasks and cooperative care of the young; it is rare among insects. Richly organized colonies of the land made possible by eusociality enjoy several key advantages over solitary individuals.Under most circumstances g

16、roups of workers are better able to forage for food and defend the nest, because they can switch from individual to group response and back again swiftly and according to need. When a food object or nest intruder is too large for one individual to handle, nestmates can be quickly assembled by alarm

17、or recruitment signals. Equally important is the fact that the execution of multiple-step tasks is accomplished in a series-parallel sequence. That is, individual ants can specialize in particular steps, moving from one object (such as a larva to be fed) to another (a second larva to be fed). They d

18、o not need to carry each task to completion from start to finish for example, to check the larva first, then collect the food, then feed the larva. Hence, if each link in the chain has many workers in attendance, a series directed at any particular object is less likely to fail. Moreover, ants speci

19、alizing in particular labor categories typically constitute a caste specialized by age or body form or both. There has been some documentation of the superiority in performance and net energetic yield of various castes for their modal tasks, although careful experimental studies are still relatively

20、 few.What makes ants unusual in the company of eusocial insects is the fact that they are the only eusocial predators (predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals) occupying the soil and ground litter. The eusocial termites live in the same places as ants and also have wingless work

21、ers, but they feed almost exclusively on dead vegetation.1. Which of the following questions does the passage primarily answer?(A) How do individual ants adapt to specialized tasks?(B) What are the differences between social and solitary insects?(C) Why are ants predators?(D) Why have ants been able

22、 to thrive for such a long time?2. The word unique in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) inherited(B) habitual(C) singular(D) natural3. The word rotting in line 4 is closest in meaning to(A) decaying(B) collected(C) expanding(D) cultivated4. The word key in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) uncommo

23、n(B) important(C) incidental(D) temporary5. According to the passage , one thing eusocial insects can do is rapidly switch from(A) one type of food consumption to another(B) one environment to another(C) a solitary task to a group task(D) a defensive to an offensive stance6. The task of feeding larv

24、ae is mentioned in the passage to demonstrate(A) the advantages of specialization(B) the type of food that larvae are fed(C) the ways ant colonies train their young for adult tasks(D) the different stages of ant development7. The author uses the word Hence in line 16 to indicate(A) a logical conclus

25、ion(B) the next step in a senes of steps(C) a reason for further study(D) the relationship among ants8. All of the following terms art defined in the passage EXCEPT(A) eusocial (line 3)(B) series-parallel sequence (line 13)(C) caste (line 19)(D) predators (line 23)9. The word they in line 25 refers

26、to(A) termites(B) ants(C) places(D) predators10. It can be inferred from the passage that one main difference between termites and ants is that termites(A) live above ground(B) are eusocial(C) protect their nests(D) eat almost no animal substances参考答案：DCABC AACAD托福考试阅读冲刺3The most thoroughly studied

27、cases of deception strategies employed by ground-nesting birds involve plovers, small birds that typically nest on beaches or in open fields, their nests merely scrapes in the sand or earth. Plovers also have an effective repertoire of tricks for distracting potential nest predators from their expos

28、ed and defenseless eggs or chicks.The ever-watchful plover can detect a possible threat at a considerable distance. When she does, the nesting bird moves inconspicuously off the nest to a spot well away from eggs or chicks. At this point she may use one of several ploys. One technique involves first

29、 moving quietly toward an approaching animal and then setting off noisily through the grass or brush in a low, crouching run away from the nest, while emitting rodent like squeaks. The effect mimics a scurrying mouse or vole, and the behavior rivets the attention of the type of predators that would

30、also be interested in eggs and chicks.Another deception begins with quiet movement to an exposed and visible location well away from the nest. Once there, the bird pretends to incubate a brood. When the predator approaches, the parent flees, leaving the false nest to be searched. The direction in wh

31、ich the plover escapes is such that if the predator chooses to follow, it will be led still further away from the true nest.The plover s most famous stratagem is the broken-wing display, actually a continuum of injury-mimicking behaviors spanning the range from slight disability to near-complete hel

32、plessness. One or both wings are held in an abnormal position, suggesting injury. The bird appears to be attempting escape along an irregular route that indicates panic. In the most extreme version of the display, the bird flaps one wing in an apparent attempt to take to the air, flops over helpless

33、ly, struggles back to its feet, runs away a short distance, seemingly attempts once more to take off, flops over again as the useless wing fails to provide any lift, and so on. Few predators fail to pursue such obviously vulnerable prey. Needless to say, each short run between flight attempts is dir

34、ected away from the nest.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The nest-building techniques of plovers(B) How predators search for plovers(C) The strategies used by plovers to deceive predators(D) Why plovers are vulnerable to predators2. The word merely in fine 3 is closest in meaning to(A) o

35、ften(B) only(C) usually(D) at first3. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage about plovers?(A) Their eggs and chicks are difficult to find.(B) They are generally defenseless when away from their nests.(C) They are slow to react in dangerous situations.(D) Their nests are on the surface o

36、f the ground.4. The word emitting in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) bringing(B) attracting(C) producing(D) minimizing5. In the deception technique described in paragraph 2, the plover tries to(A) stay close to her nest(B) attract the predator s attention(C) warn other plovers of danger(D) frigh

37、ten the approaching predator6. The word spanning in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) covering(B) selecting(C) developing(D) explaining7. According to paragraph 4, which of the following aspects of the plover s behavior gives the appearance that it is frightened?(A) Abnormal body position(B) Irreg

38、ular escape route(C) Unnatural wing movement(D) Unusual amount of time away from the nest8. The word pursue in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) catch(B) notice(C) defend(D) chase9. According to the passage , a female plover utilizes all of the following deception techniques EXCEPT(A) appearing to

39、 be injured(B) sounding like another animal(C) pretending to search for prey(D) pretending to sit on her eggs10. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage ?(A) A description of the sequence of steps involved in plovers nest building(B) A generalization about plover behavi

40、or followed by specific examples(C) A comparison and contrast of the nesting behavior of plovers and other ground nesting birds(D) A cause-and-effect analysis of the relationship between a prey and a predator参考答案：CBDCB ABDCB如何同时准备TOEFL和GRE还互不耽误 如何同时准备TOEFL和GRE还互不耽误?“一心两用”是个技术活今天小编给大家带来了 第 14 页 共 14 页