M3U3Project知识点.ppt

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1、M3U3 Project Language points1.declare vt. 宣布，宣告，宣称宣布，宣告，宣称知识拓展：知识拓展：declare sth./sb. +(to be) 宣布宣布为为；断言；断言为为 declare against/ for 声明反对声明反对/ 支持支持declare war against/ on/ upon 对对宣战宣战 declare the meeting open 宣布开始宣布开始/结束结束eg. (1) The government _. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态。政府已宣布进入紧急状态。(2) _ 我宣布展览开幕。我宣布展览开幕。has decla

2、red a state of emergencyI declare this exhibition open【辨析】【辨析】declare; announcedeclare: 常用于常用于正式场合正式场合，指，指正式、明确正式、明确地向地向公众公众“宣布；宣称；声明宣布；宣称；声明”，侧重侧重“当众当众”发表，多用于宣战，议和或宣判发表，多用于宣战，议和或宣判。announce: 指把指把人们关心或感兴趣的事正式公人们关心或感兴趣的事正式公布于众，尤指新闻。布于众，尤指新闻。Ex. 用用announce, declare填空：填空：The United States _ war against

3、 Japan in 1941.The government yesterday _ plans to create a million new jobs to the media.announceddeclared2. basis (n.) 基础；基准；原因基础；基准；原因on the basis of 以以为基础为基础eg. His theory has no basis in fact. 他的理他的理论没有事实基础。论没有事实基础。_, we can reach the following conclusions. 我们可以根据事实得到以下结论。我们可以根据事实得到以下结论。【知识拓展】【

4、知识拓展】base (v.) 以以为基础，把（总部等）设在为基础，把（总部等）设在base sth. on/upon sth. 把把建立在建立在之上之上be based on 以以为基础为基础On the basis of factseg. (1) The company is based in Beijing. _。(2) _. 这个故事是有事实根据的。这个故事是有事实根据的。(3) _ (base) on a true story, the film attracted a lot of people and was quite popular.(4) _ an important dec

5、ision more on than reason on emotion, or you will regret it.A.BasedB. BasingC. BaseD. To base该公司总部设在北京该公司总部设在北京This story is based on factsBasedC3. judge (n.) 法官，审判员；裁判员法官，审判员；裁判员(v.) 判断，评价；裁判判断，评价；裁判eg. (1) He acted as a judge at the race. ( )(2) Its for other people to judge how much I have improv

6、ed. ( )(3) He is too young to judge which is better. ( )(4) The judge sentenced him to five years in prison. ( )裁判裁判评价评价判断判断法官法官【知识拓展】【知识拓展】judgement/judgment 裁判，判决；评价，裁判，判决；评价，看法，意见看法，意见judging from/by 从从来看，根据来看，根据来判来判断断eg. _, he must be an honest man. 由他所说的可以判由他所说的可以判断他一定是一个诚实的人。断他一定是一个诚实的人。Judgin

7、g from what he said4. aware (adj.) 知道的，意识到的知道的，意识到的awareness (n.) 意识，认识意识，认识be aware of sth. / be aware that 意识到意识到，知，知道道make sb. aware of sth. 使某人意识到使某人意识到eg. (1) He _ the danger. 他他没意识到危险。没意识到危险。(2) He is kept in dark and is not aware_. 他他被蒙在鼓里，不知道公司在赔钱。被蒙在鼓里，不知道公司在赔钱。(3) _该是提高人们环保意识的时候了。该是提高人们环保意

8、识的时候了。wasnt aware ofthat the company is losing moneyIts time to raise peoples awareness of environmental protection.B. Phrases:1.no doubt 无疑，确实无疑，确实知识拓展：知识拓展：have no/little/ some doubt 对对没有没有/很少很少/有一些怀有一些怀疑疑 in doubt 存在疑问存在疑问without/ beyond doubt 毫无疑问，无疑毫无疑问，无疑doubt vt. 怀疑；不信怀疑；不信 doubt 在在否定句和疑问句否定句

9、和疑问句中后接中后接that引导的从句；引导的从句； 在在肯定句肯定句中后接中后接whether或或if引导的从句。引导的从句。doubtful adj. 怀疑的怀疑的Exercise:我确信我们队会赢得比赛。我确信我们队会赢得比赛。I _our team will win the match.(2)我不敢肯定周日是否是好天气。我不敢肯定周日是否是好天气。I_ it will be fine on Sunday.(3)_ is no doubt that all his devotion to the research will_.A.It; pay off B. There; pay off

10、 C. It; pay back D. There; be paid offdont doubt that/have no doubt thatdoubt whether B2. come down with 患病患病eg. I think Im _.我想我要得感冒了。我想我要得感冒了。【知识拓展】【知识拓展】come up with 想出，提出想出，提出 come across 偶然遇见，碰见；被理解，被传达偶然遇见，碰见；被理解，被传达come about 发生发生 when it comes to 当谈到当谈到come back 回来；恢复回来；恢复 come out 出版；公开出版；公

11、开 coming down with a coldExercise:(1)No one has _ a convincing explanation of why dinosaur died out.(2)I _ an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.(3) How did this _? (4)This magazine _once a month.(5)-What has made you so happy，Mary?-Oh, Ive just _ an old friend I havent seen for years.A

12、.come down with B. come in C. come out D. come acrosscome up withcome acrosscome aboutD comes out3.in memory of 纪念，为了纪念纪念，为了纪念【知识拓展】【知识拓展】have a good/ bad memory 记忆力好记忆力好/坏坏 memorize vt 记住记住 memorial n.纪念碑纪念碑/物品物品 adj. 纪念的，记忆的纪念的，记忆的【归纳总结】【归纳总结】in+ n + of 短语短语in celebration of 庆祝庆祝 in control of 控制，

13、掌管控制，掌管in charge of 负责负责 in favor of 赞成，主张赞成，主张in need of 需要需要 in search of 寻找，搜寻寻找，搜寻in case of 万一，以防万一，以防in defence of 保卫；辩护保卫；辩护in place of 代替代替 in praise of 称赞称赞in honor of 为了庆祝；为了纪念；为了向为了庆祝；为了纪念；为了向表达敬意表达敬意in spite of = despite 尽管，虽然尽管，虽然Exercise:The company was named Gates Hall _a man named Ja

14、mes Grates.A.in need of B. in search of C. in the shape of D. in memory of (2) Many workers move from country to country _ jobs.(3) More and more women today have learned to arise _ their legal rights.(4) _ fire, walk quickly to the nearest door.(5) The detective _ the case is very experienced.Din s

15、earch of in defence of In case of in charge of 3.rise up against 起义，反抗起义，反抗eg. The slaves _ their cruel masters. 奴隶们反抗他们粗暴的奴隶主。奴隶们反抗他们粗暴的奴隶主。【知识拓展】【知识拓展】be against 反对反对 go against 违背违背 turn against 背叛背叛fight against 为反对为反对而战而战 warn sb against doing sth 警告某人不要去做警告某人不要去做某事某事rose up against Exercise:(1

16、)不管你做什么，都不能违背自然规律。不管你做什么，都不能违背自然规律。_.(2)据报道大约有据报道大约有60%的人反对新政策。的人反对新政策。_.(3)Although _ my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.A. against B. on C. for D. in Whatever you do, you cant go against nature.It is reported that about 60% of people are against the new policy.A三三SentencesC.

17、SentencesWhen asked how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence. 本句开头使用了本句开头使用了状语从句的省略用法状语从句的省略用法：有些表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步的从句有些表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步的从句中，如果中，如果主从句的主语一致或者从句主语是主从句的主语一致或者从句主语是it，且从句谓语为且从句谓语为

18、be，从句的，从句的“主语和主语和be动词动词”部部分可以省略。分可以省略。eg. (1) When _ (arrive), send me a telegram.(2) When _ (question) why he had lied, he just kept slient.(3) _, I will come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能，我就不管什么时候只要有可能，我就会来帮忙。会来帮忙。(4) Turn to me for help _. 如如果有需要，请向我求助。果有需要，请向我求助。arriving questioned Whenever possible if

19、necessary Some other words and phrases:1. take place 发生发生2. play key roles in history 在历史上起关键作用在历史上起关键作用3. raise your voice 提高你的音量提高你的音量4. set sail for 启航去启航去5. carry out a surprise attack 实施突然袭击实施突然袭击6. make eye contact with 与与进行眼神交流进行眼神交流7. focus on = concentrate on= fix ones attention on 集集中注意力于中

20、注意力于8. drive sb crazy 驱使、迫使某人发疯驱使、迫使某人发疯9. in good condition 情况良好情况良好10. be of great cultural value 文化价值高的文化价值高的11. prepare oneself to do = sb be prepared to do 某人准某人准备好做某事备好做某事四巩固练习：四巩固练习：单选：单选：15 CCDDD 610 DDBAB1115 DCCCA16-20 CACBA1.The building project _next year is , I think, not easy _ in time

21、.A.being carried out; to complete B. carried out; to be completed C. to be carried out; to complete D. to be carried out; to be completed变式：变式：The hall _next month can hold as many as 1000 people.A.being completed B. to be completed C. to complete D. completingThe trees _ in the storm have been move

22、d off the road.A. being blown down B. blown downC. blowing down D. to blow downto be carried out插入语插入语to complete不定式的被动式作不定式的被动式作后置定语后置定语 “ 形容词形容词+不定式不定式” 作作表语表语时，不定式中的动词虽时，不定式中的动词虽然与主语是被动关系，但是然与主语是被动关系，但是用主动形式表示被动用主动形式表示被动含义含义，此类形容词主要有：，此类形容词主要有：difficult, convenient, necessary, hard, easy, safe, d

23、angerous等。等。eg. This problem is _. 这个问题很难解决。这个问题很难解决。变式：变式：In many peoples opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant _. A. to deal withB. dealing with C. to be dealt withD. dealt withdifficult to solve2. China Daily is _ a newspaper. It can help us learn English.A.no more B. less t

24、han C.more than D. no more than no more 不再不再.less than 少于少于more than 不仅仅不仅仅no more than 仅仅仅仅3. Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than _ it.A.hesitates B. confirms C. recognizes D. corruptshesitate 犹豫犹豫confirm 确认确认recognize 辨认出，意识到，承认辨认出，意识到，承认corrupt 使腐化，使堕落使腐化，使堕落

25、4.He had a wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the world.A.travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling现在分词作伴随状语，表示主动现在分词作伴随状语，表示主动变式：变式：in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.B.To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked5.Taiwan-born filmmaker

26、Ang Lee won the best director Oscar at the 78th Academy Awards, _the highest honor in American movie fields.A.to consider B. considering C. consider D. considered过去分词作后置定语，表示被动过去分词作后置定语，表示被动变式：变式：It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year.A. finding B. being found C. to find

27、 D. found7. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heardmake sb. do sth.=let/have sb. do sth.让某人去做某事让某人去做某事make sb./oneself done使使被被I tried my best to make myself _, but I failed.A. understandingB. u

28、nserstoodC. to understandD. to be understand不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语9. Washington, a state in the United States, was named _ one of the greatest American presidents.A.in honour of B. instead of C. in favour of D. by means of in honour of 出于对出于对的敬意的敬意,为了纪念为了纪念instead of 代替，而不是代替，而不是in favour of 赞同，赞同， 有利于有利于

29、by means of 通过通过的方法的方法10. Mike woke up to find himself _ by flowers, which he later found out came from the _ villages.A. surrounding; surrounded B. surrounded; surrounding C. surrounded; surrounded D. surrounding; surroundingsurround (Vt.) 包围，围绕包围，围绕be surrounded with/by : 被被包围、围绕包围、围绕surrounding:

30、(adj.) 周围的，附近的周围的，附近的11. The government is considering the environment-friendly plan which some scientists would like to see _ soon.A.to be carried out B. be carried out C. carrying out D. carried out定语从句定语从句see后用动词原形、现在分词及过去分词作宾语补足语。后用动词原形、现在分词及过去分词作宾语补足语。(1)see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事看见某人做了某事(2)see s

31、b. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事看见某人正在做某事(3)see sth. done 看见某事被做看见某事被做see the plan carried out13. _ our food running out, we had to walk to a village for help.A. Since B. Because C. With D. Forsince, because, for表示表示“由于、因为由于、因为”时，均为时，均为连词连词。区别如下：区别如下：since: 侧重主句，从句表示侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已知的理由显然的或已知的理由eg. Since every

32、one is here,lets start. because: 表表直接原因直接原因，回答，回答why的提问：一般放在主句之后，也可的提问：一般放在主句之后，也可单独存在单独存在.eg. We stayed at home because it rained. for :表明表明附加或推断的理由附加或推断的理由，从句不放句首，用逗号与主句隔开，从句不放句首，用逗号与主句隔开 eg. He must be ill,for he is absent today. with的复合结构，此处作原因状语的复合结构，此处作原因状语14. The teacher demanded that the hom

33、ework _ in the way wed just learned.A. is done B. has been done C. be done D. was done表示表示建议、命令、要求建议、命令、要求的词的词(如如demand, order, require, suggest, advise, insist, request等等)后接宾语从句时，需使用后接宾语从句时，需使用虚拟语气，体现为虚拟语气，体现为“should + 动词原形动词原形”，should可以省可以省略略。变式：变式：Convincing that computers are the key to success,

34、 parents are insisting that children _ to use them in school as early as possible.A. must be taughtB. ought to be taughtC. be taughtD. would be taught15. Many people agreed that _ good knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade.A. a; / B. the; an C. the; the D. /; the have a good knowle

35、dge of sth. 精通，掌握；对精通，掌握；对很熟悉很熟悉have a better understanding of sth. 对对有更好的了解有更好的了解16. John is to attend the meeting in place of the manager, who has _ a bad cold.A.come up with 提出，想出提出，想出B. come up走近；被提及；即将发生走近；被提及；即将发生C. come down with患（病）患（病）D. come across 偶然遇见，偶然发现偶然遇见，偶然发现18. With all the magazi

36、nes I needed _, I left the post office.A.buyingB. to buyC. boughtD. to be boughtwith+O+O补补(adj./adv./介词短语介词短语/doing/done/to do)(1)由一个当地的向导引路，我们没费什么事就到达那了。由一个当地的向导引路，我们没费什么事就到达那了。With a local guide _, we got there easily.(2)做完作业后，他出去看电影做完作业后，他出去看电影With his homework _, he went out to see a film.(3)因为有

37、两次考试要担心，本周末我必须认真学习。因为有两次考试要担心，本周末我必须认真学习。With two exams _, I have to work really hard this weekend.(4)背上背着书包的女孩高兴地上学去了。背上背着书包的女孩高兴地上学去了。The girl with a bag _went happily to school.(5)他常开着窗户睡觉他常开着窗户睡觉He often sleeps with the window _.(6)儿子离开家，她很担忧。儿子离开家，她很担忧。With her son _, she was worried.leading the roadfinishedto worry abouton her backopenaway from home