专题讲解课件：任务型阅读+.ppt

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1、经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析专题二十一任务型阅读 经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析考点考纲要求命题规律及趋势1文章的篇章结构要求考生在理解短文内容的基础上，把握文章结构特征，掌握主旨大意设置描述性结构或说明性结构的文章，通过上下文句式关系和连接词的提示，判断要填句子的结构和特征，以使文章整篇结构完整2上下文的逻辑关系明确上下文的关系设置上下文连贯性强的段落，通过下文的短语或词汇的提示，来确定要填的词，并且要注意其句子结构正确经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析经典题例回眸 请

2、认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Quiet Virtue：The Conscientious The everyday signs of conscientiousness(认真尽责)being punctual，careful in doing work，selfdisciplined，and scrupulous(一丝不苟的)in attending to responsibilitiesare typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen，the people who

3、keep things running as they should.They follow the rules，help out，and are concerned about the people they work with.Its the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence，who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves，who always gets things done on dead

4、line. 01经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field.In studies of job performance，outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs，from semiskilled labor to sales and management，depends on conscientiousness.It is particularly important for outstanding performa

5、nce in jobs at the lower levels of an organization：the secretary whose message taking is perfect，the delivery truck driver who is always on time.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer，those who were most conscientious had the largest vol

6、ume of sales.Conscientiousness also offers a buffer(缓冲)against the threat of job loss in todays constantly changing market，because employees with this quality are among the most valued.For the sales representatives，their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determinin

7、g who stayed on.There is an air around highly conscientious people that makes them seem even better than they actually are.Their reputation for dependability influences managers evaluations of their work，giving them higher evaluations than objective measures of their performance would predict.经典题例回眸

8、经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems.Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves，they can hold other people to their own standards，and so be overly judgmental when others dont show the same high levels of model behavior.

9、Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious，for example，tended to criticize coworkers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized，which damaged their relationships.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析When conscientiousness takes th

10、e form of living up to expectations，it can discourage creativity. In creative professions like art or advertising，openness to wild ideas and spontaneity(自发性)are scarce and in demand.Success in such occupations calls for a balance，however；without enough conscientiousness to follow through，people beco

11、me mere dreamers，with nothing to show for their imaginativeness. 经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析答案1.strict2.helpful/good3.Functions/Roles/Importance/Significance4.running/working/going/operating/functioning5.performance(s)6.fired/dismissed/jobless7.problems/t

12、roubles8.higher/subjective/unfair/unjust/prejudiced9.tense/damaged/poor/bad10.discourage/affect/damage经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Dysphagia (吞咽困难) means difficulty in swallowing food items and these food items may be solid and liquid in nature. People

13、 suffer from dysphagia when there is a problem with the muscles which play a very important part in the swallowing of the food. It can be a weak tongue or facial muscles which make it hard to move the food in the mouth. In some instances people having weak throat muscles also suffer from dysphagia.

14、02经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析There is no need to worry if the patient has been diagnosed with dysphagia, as there are lots of ways to deal with the problem. To deal with dysphagia, first of all, dont miss your doctors appointments as medical treatment is the sure way of achieving success in

15、 this case. In many cases patients might be advised to consult a specialist for a second opinion or for better treatment. A qualified doctor can assist the patient in picking up the right kind of food.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Having an erect posture (直立姿势) while eating is also very import

16、ant. Sitting upright with shoulders in level and back straight up is considered a healthy posture while eating. Avoid leaning forward to taste the food. Smell the food before taking a bite as this will encourage the production of saliva (唾液) which facilitates the passage of the food down the throat

17、and into the esophagus (食道)经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析In addition, people suffering from dysphagia just can not eat anything that they want. They should avoid eating hard foods, dried meats and foods which have to be broken apart for eating. Food has to be eaten very slowly and should be co

18、nsumed by taking small portions.People having problems with swallowing their food are advised to control their food habits for a little while. These people can also take the guidance of an experienced dietitian to make their daily diet better.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Title：Dysphagia_11_Ha

19、ving difficulty in swallowing solid or liquid food items_12_The _13_of tongue, facial muscles or throat muscles经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Treatments_14_to a doctor for helpChoosing the right kind of food based on the doctors_15_Having an erect posture while eatingSitting upright with should

20、ers in level and back straight upDont lean forward while_16_the foodSmelling before eating the food to _17_salivaEating proper food_18_away from hard foods, dried meats, etcEating slowly and avoiding eating by taking _19_portionsKeeping the food habits in _20_Improving the daily diet under an experi

21、enced dietitians guidance经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析答案11.Definition12.Cause13.weakness14.Turning15.suggestions/advice16.tasting/eating17.produce18.Staying/Keeping19.large20.control经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Harmless fun and bullying are sepa

22、rated by a very thin line. This line is crossed on a daily basis, without it being known. The full extent of this linecrossing is not often felt until much later. Bullying is widespread in schools and in society in general. It has become so common that it is almost hidden. Blind eyes are often being

23、 turned, and the problem is becoming more and more serious. 03经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Harmless fun occurs when nobody has hurt feelings, and laughter follows. There is no harm in the fun, and all people are able to enjoy the joking. Bullying occurs when someone is looked down upon. Not e

24、very joke is funny, and sometimes we can cruelly hurt somebody without our knowledge.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析The most difficult part of the line between harmless fun and bullying is the simple fact that everybody has their own line, and even that is different from time to time, depending

25、 on a persons mood. Everybody has their own limit of tolerance, and harmless fun that borders on bullying can gather up the emotions to breaking point. No matter how strong friendships are, words can tear them apart, destroying the very foundation that they have been built upon. Some people have a r

26、eally thick hide, and are able to avoid unwanted comments and never give them a second thought. However, for some people, these lines are subject to change. A particular comment may upset them to no end the next day. This is where the line is most troublesome.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析The

27、key is that the line should never be crossed. Harmless fun has its time and place, since laughter is the best medicine for what worries you, but it should never be takento the extreme, where someone is feeling down. The best possible way to ensure that you are not the one responsible for linecrossin

28、g is to think before you speak. We should first try to understand before we try to be understood. If the words you feel like saying to someone are not the words you would want to say to your parents, brothers, child, or good friends, then chances are you should think of something else to say.经典题例回眸经

29、典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Saying things behind someone elses back is no answer either，because those words often find their target finally, and usually the comments have been misunderstood in one way or another, and the intension, while perhaps harmless, tends to turn towards bullying. Many things

30、 are always better left unsaid.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析Title：The line between harmless fun and bullyingFactsPeople often cross the line between harmless fun and bullying without being _21_of it.Bullying is often hidden and people often _22_it.Peoples own line differs from time to time be

31、cause of their mood.Harmless fun may turn into bullying once it develops _23_peoples own limit of tolerance.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析_24_between harmless fun and bullyingHarmless fun hurts nobody and brings _25_，while bullying makes a person feel looked down upon._26_to avoid linecrossing

32、Know when and _27_to make fun, not to the extreme to let someone feel down.Think before _28_. You should _29_your words which may hurt others.Dont make comments behind someone elses back in case of being _30_.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析答案21aware由第一段中的“without it being known”转换而成。22ignore由第一

33、段中的“Blind eyes are often being turned”转换而成。23beyond由第三段中的“Everybody has their own limit of tolerance.to breaking point”转换而成。24Difference根据对应表格中的内容可知，此处是说两者之间的不同。25laughter根据第二段中的“and laughter follows”可以直接捕捉信息。经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析26Ways根据对应表格中所列的内容及第五段中的“The best possible way to ensur

34、e that.”可知答案。27where根据第四段中的“Harmless fun has its time and place”可转换出答案。28speaking根据第五段中的“.is to think before you speak”可获得答案。29change根据第五段“If the words you feel like saying.you should think of something else to say.”可推出答案。30misunderstood根据最后一段内容可获得答案。经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析备考策略一瞥任务型阅读解题

35、技法指导 任务型阅读是集阅读、归纳概括和书写于一体的综合考查题型；主要特点是：(1)寓意深，难度大；(2)要求学生在具备下列条件下快速理解文章：整体理解和语篇概括能力；词汇灵活运用和词汇识辨能力；对主要信息的捕捉和表述能力。语篇所涉及的各题大致化分为：经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析A基础题：考查筛选梳理信息的能力 要求学生根据表格问题快速在文中查找锁定相关信息，用文中的原词或其适当形式填空。B变通题：考查转换信息的能力 要求学生根据表格问题在文中查找相关信息的基础上进行知识重组，对所找到的信息进行加工分析换位转述，转换成另一种表达方式。常见的转换方式有

36、：另选其他词来释义：如Mary was born in China.Marys_is China.分析：抓住关键词born，将该词转换为名词，答案为：birthplace；同义词和反义词间的转换：如He didnt pass the final examination.经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析He_the final examination.分析：抓住关键词pass，将其转换为反义词，再注意时态一致，答案为：failed；句子结构转换：如Tom couldnt agree with his bosss decision more.Tom_his

37、bosss decision.分析：抓住关键词agree with，将此动词短语转换为一个动词support，答案为：supported；前缀和后缀转换：如The lady was not happy.The lady was_.分析：抓住关键词not happy，转换为一个形容词，答案为：unhappy；词性转换：例如Positive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are.Messages from others help yo

38、u_who you are.分析：抓住关键词determining，将此动名词转换为动词原形，因有词组help sb do.答案为：determine/define/know/understand。经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析C概括归纳题：考查综合概括表达信息的能力 要求学生快速查找信息，找共性并归纳出文章的大意或行(栏)的小标题，考查学生概括能力以及提炼文章主旨及重要信息的能力即信息转换能力。所填归纳词必须具备高度概括性，能包含相应栏内信息。经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析解题步骤与方法1快速阅读分析图表。通

39、过对图表的阅读分析既了解要解决的问题又能预测文章的内容和结构，带着问题快速阅读文章。2扫读文章。快速阅读，抓有效信息，把握主旨大意和结构。无需过多考虑个别词句的含义，更无需对其进行深入细致分析，带着任务阅读，关注有效信息。最终完成解题任务。3研究空格，找准答案源，初定答案。仔细分析研究表中的空格，准确判断所填单词的词性、词形。精读与空格相关的段落，寻找答案源，认真斟酌，选定或变形或归纳概括出答案，检查是否与空格所需单词的词性或形式相同，同时考虑文章内容和表格内容，因为表格的层次和文章的段落是一一对应的。这样可缩小注意范围，确定考查内容。经典题例回眸经典题例回眸备考策略一瞥备考策略一瞥专题知识透析专题知识透析4认真复查，核对答案。检查主要包括大小写检查；语法检查，看动词形式是ing，ed还是原形，是否要双写；看词性是否用错，是名词、形容词、副词，还是动词；词汇检查时看拼写是否有错，等等。总之，学生一开始只要能做到有计划、有方法、有目的练习，就能习得一定经验，快而不是心急乱快，既能把握文章大意，又能准确定位答案，持之以恒的训练就能夺得高分。