2014初三英语新目标Unit2_Section_A-2.ppt

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1、 Unit 2I think that mooncakes are delicious!Words review 幻灯片上单词出现时，同学应迅速读出该单词并说出意思，说不出时，可有5秒钟的现场求救时间（向其他同学），每名同学接受求救不得超过3次。lanternI know that the Water Festival is really fun. What fun the Water Festival is.I wonder if theyll have the races again next year.How fantastic the dragon boat teams were!I

2、wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong.How pretty the dragon boats were.I believe that April is the hottest month in Thailand.How delicious the food is in Hong Kong.Grammar Focuse.g. think/Lantern Festival/beautiful I think that the Lantern Festival is beautiful.1. dont know /whether

3、/he /come home / for the festival_2. believe/Water Festival/most/fun_4a Write sentences using the words given.I dont know whether he will come home for the festival.I believe that the Water Festival is the most fun.3. wonder/if/mooncakes/delicious_ 4. how/exciting/races _5. what/interesting/city_Jen

4、ny wonders if the mooncakes are delicious.How exciting the races are!What an interesting city ( it is)!4b Read the passage below and underline the objective clauses. If possible write your own sentences about Mothers Day and Fathers Day using objective clauses.Dear Xia Yu,Do you know that there are

5、two special days for parents in America? One is Mothers Day on the second Sunday of May and the other is Fathers Day on the third Sunday of June. On these two days, American children often give gifts to their parents or take them out for lunchor dinner. Common gifts are flowers and cards for mothers

6、 and shirts or ties for fathers. I heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mothers Day and Fathers Day in China. I wonder if children over there also give similar gifts to their parents. I believe that there are many ways to show our love. Actually, we dont have to spend a lot o

7、f money. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.JuneObjective clause:1. Do you know that there are two special days for parents in America?2. I heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mothers Day and Fathers Day in China. 3. I wonder if children over ther

8、e also give similar gifts to their parents. 4. I believe that there are many ways to show our love. Actually, we dont have to spend a lot of money. 事实上，我们不必花很多钱事实上，我们不必花很多钱。(1) have to 意为意为“必须；不得不必须；不得不”，强调由强调由于于客客观因素主语不得不做某事观因素主语不得不做某事，有人称和时有人称和时态的变态的变化，其后跟化，其后跟动词原形动词原形。 Because he had no money, he

9、 had to drop out of school. 因为没有钱，他不得不辍学。因为没有钱，他不得不辍学。have to 与与 musthave to: “必须；必须；不得不不得不”，表示，表示客观客观需要，需要， 有人称、数、时态的变化。有人称、数、时态的变化。 dont have to 表示表示“不必不必”must: “必须必须; 一定一定” 表示说话人表示说话人主观主观上的看法上的看法， must 只有一种形式只有一种形式。 mustnt 表示表示“禁止禁止” You dont have to tell him about it. 你不必把这件事告诉他你不必把这件事告诉他。 You m

10、ustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他你一定不要把这件事告诉他。(2) spend 动词，意为动词，意为“用，花用，花”，常用句型，常用句型为为spend some time/ money ( in ) doing sth.花费时间花费时间/钱做某事。钱做某事。spend 后接动词的后接动词的-ing。 I spent two hour (in) reading the novel. 我花了两小时读这篇小说。我花了两小时读这篇小说。 I spent 100 yuan buying the sweater. 我花了我花了100元买这件毛衣。元买这件毛衣。4c

11、Which festival do you like best? Ask your group and report to the class.e.g. In our group, Davids favorite festival is . He thinks that In our group, Davids favorite festival is Halloween. He thinks that on that day children will wear special costumes with mask to take part in Halloween party. And p

12、lay “trick or treat”. 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause试比较：试比较：We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句Do you know who

13、 is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight .Find out the Object Clauses注：注：that 在句中在句中无词汇意义无词汇意义，在从句中，在从句中不不能充当成分能充当成分，在口语当中往往，在口语当中往往省略。省略。e.g. 1.

14、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.2.He said (that) he missed us very much.1.由从属连词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句2.由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句I want to know if/whether she is right .They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not .if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否” if/whether可互可互换换, 但但whe

15、theror not为为固定搭配固定搭配.3.由连接代词由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和和连接副词连接副词 where, how, why, when引引导导的宾语从句的宾语从句e.g.1.Do you know whose book it is ?2.Please tell me when well have a meeting .3.Could you tell me why the train is late?4.He asked who could answer the question.当当主句主句是是一般现在一般现在时，宾语从句的时态时，宾

16、语从句的时态不作限制不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。用需要的任何一种时态。I hear (that)Jim went to work an hour ago.he is interested in English. she will come tomorrow .Tom has been to London twice .He will go to Hong Kong .He is sick.He is reading a book . He has finished his work.He saidHe had finished his

17、work.He would go to Hong Kong .He was sick.He was reading a book . 当当主句是一般过去时主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。the sun is much bigger than the moon .Summer is after Spring .the earth moves around the sun. He told me (that)We kmew (that)The teacher t

18、old us (that) 当宾语从句说明的是当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态仍是用一般现在时态。主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一根据句意的需要用任意一种时态种时态 一般过去时一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时与原句相对应的过去的时态态 客观事实、真理、客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警自然现象、名言警句、谚语等句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时一律用一般现在时 Danny says

19、that he will learn English. Do you know where he came from? Please tell me how I can get to the bus station .无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，主语在前，谓语在后谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词引导词thatthat+ +陈述句陈述句 ififwhetherwhether+ +一般疑问句一般疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ +特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时态时态主句为一

20、般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理时态不变客观真理时态不变He asked Why are you so happy ?Why you were so happy ?Am I taller than you? if/whether He askedHe taller than them. was1. Tom said. He is reading a book. 2. He asks

21、 me. Are they playing a game? 3. Where is the hospital? He told me. 4.Who bought the pen? He wondered.Tom said that he was reading a book.He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.He told me Where the Hospital was. He wondered who bought the pen.注意：特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾注意：特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相

22、应变化）。语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。 Who can answer the question？The teacher asked The teacher asked who could answer the question Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened? Eg: I dont know whats the matter.1. The radio says it _cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _well.

23、(go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six o clock yesterday evening.4. I hear they _ (return) it already.Exercises5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. （do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (tra

24、vel)8. I think you _ about the relay race now. （talk)9. I didnt know whom the letters _from. (be)1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherwhether用用if 或或whether 填空填空1).whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾

25、语从句 eg: I dont know whether or not he will come. 注意：如果注意：如果or not放在放在whether所引导的从句所引导的从句 句尾，则可以用句尾，则可以用if来替换。来替换。 I dont know whether/if he will come or not. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.注意注意whether和和if的使用区别的使用区别a.当当whether后紧跟后紧跟or not时时,不用不用if.b.介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if.He asked

26、 me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。注：注：whether和和or一起还有一起还有“不管不管”之意之意,引引 导让步状语从句。导让步状语从句。Whether he drives or takes the train, hewill be here on time.不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。c.在在强调任意选择强调任意选择时时,用用whetheror,此时不用此时不用 if 替换替换whether。e.g

27、. Whether he will come I am not sure. e.g. He asked me whether Id move to New York if I got the job. d. 虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调宾语宾语部分，部分，也可把也可把从句放在句首从句放在句首，此时只用，此时只用whether不不用用if。e. 句子中有句子中有if 引导的条件句引导的条件句，如再有表示，如再有表示“是是否否”的宾语从句，用的宾语从句，用whether不用不用if。Please let me know if you need help. 如果你需要帮助请告

28、诉我。如果你需要帮助请告诉我。或：请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比：或：请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比：Please let me know whether you need help.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。请告诉我你是否需要帮助。I dont know if it wont rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是不是会下雨。我不知道明天是不是会下雨。f. 容易产生歧义时用容易产生歧义时用whether不用不用if来表示来表示“是否是否”。 g. 如果如果宾语从句为否定句宾语从句为否定句时，则只用时，则只用if不用不用whether。2).引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用引导主语从句置于句首时，

29、只能用whether e.g. Whether he comes or not makes no difference. 3). Whether可以引导可以引导表语从句和同位语表语从句和同位语从句，从句，if不可以不可以4).用在用在动词不定式之前时用动词不定式之前时用whether不用不用if。 I dont know whether to go there at once. 我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。 a. 在在主主+谓谓+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+宾补宾补+that 从句从句(真正真正 宾语宾语) 的句型中的句型中不省略不省略. eg: We must ma

30、ke it clear that we mean what we say.b. 由连词由连词and连接的两个由连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 中中,第二个第二个that 不省略不省略.3. that在宾语从句中的在宾语从句中的省略与保留省略与保留eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.c.当当that作介词作介词except, in等宾语时等宾语时e.g. They believe in that she must still be single. I know nothing ab

31、out him except that he is living in Beijing. 学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。 时态主从要呼应：时态主从要呼应： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。 That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。 从句若表从句若表“是否是否”时，时，if/whether要慎记。要慎记。 特殊

32、问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。v所谓感叹句，就是用来表达所谓感叹句，就是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈喜怒哀乐等强烈情感情感的句子。的句子。近年来，感叹句的构成及转换近年来，感叹句的构成及转换是中考常考的考点之一。是中考常考的考点之一。v感叹句一般感叹句一般由由“what” 和和“how”来开头的句来开头的句子子 “what”修饰修饰名词名词，“how”修饰修饰形容词和形容词和副词副词vA beautiful flowervIt is a very beautiful flower.vWhat a beau

33、tiful flower it is! A lovely catvIt is a lovely cat.vWhat a lovely cat it is! An interesting story bookvIt is an interesting story book.vWhat an interesting story book it is!A pretty girlShe is a very pretty girl.What a pretty girl she is !Simple conclusion: What+ a/an+adj.+n.+ it is/ she is/ he isv

34、Delicious cakesvThey are delicious cakes.vWhat delicious cakes they are!Beautiful flowersThey are very beautiful flowers.What beautiful flowers they are!vExciting people vThe people are exciting. vHow exciting the people are!vSimple conclusion :How +adj. +the+n. +is/are!What 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句v what意为意为多么

35、多么用作用作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词（被（被强调部分），名词前可有其它定语成份（即：强调部分），名词前可有其它定语成份（即：形容词或冠词）。形容词或冠词）。单数可数名词前要加不定单数可数名词前要加不定冠词冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。冠词。一般有三种形式，此时一般有三种形式，此时what为形容词为形容词，作，作定定语语，用来修饰它后面的名词或词组。，用来修饰它后面的名词或词组。 1. what+a/an+形容词形容词+可数名词单数可数名词单数+主语主语+ 谓语！谓语！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有

36、趣的故事呀！多么有趣的故事呀！ What a good girl she is! 她是个多么好的一个女孩啊！她是个多么好的一个女孩啊！2. what+形容词形容词+不可数名词不可数名词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！多么大的雪呀！ What bad weather is it? 多么糟糕的天气！多么糟糕的天气！ 3. what+形容词形容词+可数名词复数可数名词复数+主语主语+谓语谓语! What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！多么漂亮的花啊！ What good students they are

37、! 他们是多么好的学生啊！他们是多么好的学生啊！ vhow意为意为多么多么，用作，用作状语状语，修饰，修饰形容词或副词形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果（被强调部分）。如果修饰修饰形容词形容词，则句中的谓语动词用，则句中的谓语动词用系系动词动词；如果；如果how修饰修饰副词副词，则句中的，则句中的谓语动词用谓语动词用行为动词，行为动词，How 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句有三种结构形式。此时有三种结构形式。此时how是副词是副词，用来修饰，用来修饰其后的其后的形容词或副词形容词或副词，也可以修饰，也可以修饰动词动词。v1、How+形容词形容词+主语主语+谓语！例如：谓语！例如： How cold i

38、t is today! 今天多么冷呀！今天多么冷呀！ How hot it is today! 今天多么热呀！今天多么热呀！ v2、How+副词副词+主语主语+谓语！例如：谓语！例如： How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！他们显得多么高兴呀！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快呀！他跑得多么快呀！ v3、How+主语主语+谓语（陈述句）！例如：谓语（陈述句）！例如： How he loves his son! 他是多么的爱他的儿子！他是多么的爱他的儿子！ How time flies! 光阴似箭！光阴似箭！表示同一意义时，感叹既可用表示同一意义时，感叹既

39、可用what“ 引导引导，也可用，也可用how引导引导v What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！多么热的天气呀！v What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！多么高的楼房呀！v What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！多么糟糕的天气呀！v What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！多

40、么明亮的阳光呀！表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常省略其表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常省略其后面的主语和谓语后面的主语和谓语v What a fine day（it is）! 多么晴朗的天呀！多么晴朗的天呀！v What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！多么诚实的孩子呀！v What red apples（they are)! 多么红的苹果呀！多么红的苹果呀！v How cool! 好凉快呀！好凉快呀！v How wonderful! 精彩极了！精彩极了！ 口语中常用口语中常用:v What a pity! 真遗憾！真遗憾！vWhat a shame! 真遗憾真遗憾!真可耻！真可耻

41、！what修修饰饰名名词词What +名名词词+陈陈述述语语序序What+a+形容形容词词+名名词词+ 陈陈述述语语序序What+ 形容形容词词+复数复数名名词词+ 陈陈述述语语序序What+ 形容形容词词+不可不可数数名名词词+ 陈陈述述语语序序how 修修饰饰形容形容词词，副，副词词或或动词动词:How +形容形容词词+ a +名名词词+ 陈陈述述语语序序 How+形容形容词词或副或副词词+ 陈陈述述语语序序How VS WhatA. How tall the man is!B. What a tall man (he is)!A. How lovely these pandas are!

42、B. What lovely pandas (they are)！A.Wow, what a big pumpkin!B.How big this pumpkin is!典型例题典型例题 1）_ food youve cooked! A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice 2）_terrible weather weve been having these days! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 3) _ food youve cooked! A. How a nice B. What

43、a nice C. How nice D. What nice DAD4._beautiful day it is! Lets go and have a picnic in the park. A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 5._wonderful news report he wrote! A.What a B.What C.Which D.Weather6.With the help of doctors, the boy can see again. _he is! A.What luckly B.What a luck C. How luck D.How

44、 a luckDBCWhat 与与How 大转换大转换1. What a pretty girl she is!_ _ the girl is!2. How difficult the questions are!_ _ _ they are.3. How big the factory is!_ _ big factory _ _! How prettyWhat difficult questions What a it is4.What a clever boy!_ _ the boy _!5. How tall the trees are!_ tall trees _ _!6. What

45、 interesting books they are!_ _ the books _!7. How funny the girl is!_ _ funny girl _ _!How cleverisWhat a they are How interestingWhat they areis8. How old the man is!_ _ old man _ _!9. What nice books they are!_ _ the books _!10. How amazing the building is!_ _amazing building _ _!What anhe isHow

46、niceareWhat anit is将将下列句子改下列句子改为为感感叹叹句句1. The girl is very pretty. How pretty the girl is! What a pretty girl she is!2. This is an old watch. How old this watch is! What an old watch it (this) is!3. The food is so nice. How nice the food is! What nice food it is!4. These questions are very easy. How

47、 easy these questions are! What easy questions these are!5. She has long hair. How long her hair is! What long hair she has!根据汉语提示，完成句子。根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.He says_._.( (他说他爸爸三天后回来他说他爸爸三天后回来) )2.Our teacher 2.Our teacher asksasks _ _._.( (昨天谁打碎了玻璃昨天谁打碎了玻璃) )3.Please tell me_._.( (他们正在谈论什么他们正在谈论什么) ) that

48、his father will be back in three days who broke the window yesterdaywhat they aretalking about1. Could you tell me where do they live? 2. She knew that Danny is a student.3. He told me that winter was colder than autumn. wasisFind out the mistakes and correct.1.The question is _ the film is worth se

49、eing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what Bwhat that Cthat Dwhether 3.They received orders _ the work be done at once Awhich Bwhen C Dthat 4.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember _. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 5.Energy

50、is _ makes things work Awhat Beverything Csomething Danything 6.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because 7.He doesnt think the question of _ they are men or women is important A. whether B. if C. which D. why 8.He often thin