2022年中考英语考点专项突破题专题20定语从句单选题含解析.doc
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1、专题20 定语从句 单项选择题1.(2022山东滨州)Do you know the man _ spoke at the meeting just now?- No, I dont know.A. what B. who C. which D. whose【答案】B【解析】句意:你认识刚刚在会上讲话的那个人吗?不,我不认识。考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,what不是关系词不可引导定语从句,可排除。who用于先行词是人时;which用于先行词是物时;whose表示物主,后面需接名词;本句先行词the man是人,根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。2.(2022江苏淮安)The charities
2、 have helped more children with the money _ people raise.A. who B. what C. where D. which【答案】D【解析】句意:慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who关系词,先行词是人;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. where关系副词,在定语从句中做状语;D. which关系代词,先行词是物。people raise 修饰the money,先行词是物,关系词用which引导。根据题意,应选D。3.(2022湖北黄冈)Tomorrow is Fathers Day. Whats your surpr
3、ise for your father? The first thing_ I will do is to make a card for him.A. who B. where C. whose D. that【答案】D【解析】句意: 明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜? 我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。A. who谁;B. where哪里;C. whose谁的;D. that用来引出从句。领先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时,引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing,是序数词,因此此题的引导词应该用that。应选D。4.(2022湖南郴州)All
4、the classmates enjoyed the cake _I made at the party. It was really deliciousA. that B. who C. what【答案】A【解析】句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词;先行词是人或物;B. who关系代词,先行词是人;C. what什么,不能引导宾语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that。根据题意,应选A。5.(2022湖北鄂州) Do you like the weekly talk show
5、 The Readers on CCTV? Sure. Its a great TV program _ can develop the habit of reading.A. who B. that C. what D. whose【答案】B【解析】句意:-你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目?朗读者?吗?-当然了,这是一个很棒的节目,能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句,先排除;whose的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program,故排
6、除A;D选项意思不适宜。故应选B。6.(2022甘肃兰州)The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.A. who B. which C. where D. when【答案】B【解析】句意:我看过两次的电影是?流浪地球?。A. who谁,指人的引导词;B. which哪一个,指物的引导词;C. where哪里,指地点;D. when什么时间,指时间。此题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie,因此引导词用which。应选B。7.(2022山东临沂)Peppa Pig (?小猪佩奇?) is a British cartoon _h
7、as been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. who B. which C. /【答案】B【解析】句意:?小猪佩奇?是一部在中国很受欢送的英国动画片,深受幼儿和父母的喜爱。根据句子结构,空后局部是作定语修饰British cartoon, 所以是定语从句。先行词是British cartoon, 是物,应选B。8.(2022贵州安顺)Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman
8、_used the special power of the plant to save _lives.A. which, millions of B. who, millions ofC. whose, million of D. who, million of【答案】B【解析】句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;应选B。9.(2022四川眉山)Success always belon
9、gs to those _ have tried their best to make their dreams come true.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which【答案】A【解析】句意“成功总是属于那些尽他们最大的努力让他们梦想实现的人。此题考查定语从句。A.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作宾语;C.指人或物,在从句中作定语;D.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句话中,先行词为those,指人,且在从句中作主语,应选A。10.(2022广东)1Not all children _ watch this video will become a s
10、cientist, but some may become interested in science.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose【答案】C【解析】句意:不是所有的看这个录像的孩子会成为科学家,但是有一些也许会对科学感兴趣。分析句子结构,此题是定语从句。whom关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语。 which关系代词,先行词是物,在从句中作主语和宾语。who关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作主语和宾语。whose关系代词,先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语。根据句子结构,可知先行词是children人,并且从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词who;应选C。11.(
11、2022湖南湘西)一What kind of movies do you like?一I prefer movies _ give me something to think about.A. that B. what C. where【答案】A【解析】句意: 你喜欢什么类型的电影? 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that:指人或物,做主语或宾语;B. what什么,不能引导定语从句,排除;C. where哪里,先行词是表示地点的。此题的先行词是movies,指物,因此用that 来引导。应选A。12.(2022四川内江)The book _was written by him is ve
12、ry interesting.A. who B. whom C. which D. /【答案】C【解析】句意:他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。A. who代指人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;B. whom代指人,在定语从句中做宾语;C. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构,可知本句为定语从句,先行词the book为物,而且从句中缺主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which;故答案选C。13.(2022黑龙江哈尔滨)-Have you got ready for the soccer game?-Yes,Ive done everything _ I
13、can to win the game.A. who B. that C. which【答案】B【解析】句意:你准备好参加足球比赛了吗?是的,我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。此题考查定语从句的连接词,who的先行词是人,that的先行词是人或物,which的先行词是物。领先行词是不定代词时,只能用that,不能用which,故答案为B。14.(2022河南)Do you know the boy over there?The one _ is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.A. what B. which C. who D. 不填【答案】C【解
14、析】句意: 你认识那边那个男孩吗? 那个拿着球的人?哦,他是我的邻居菲尔。此题考查定语从句。A. what什么;B. which哪一个;C. who谁。what引导的是主语,表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A;分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知,此题缺少的是主语,且关系词在定语从句中做主语,不能省略。应选项D不对;我们知道:who 的先行词是人,which的先行词是物。此题的The one是指上文的the boy over there,指人的先行词,因此应该用who
15、来引导。应选C。15.(2022贵州贵阳)Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A. which B. what C. who【答案】C【解析】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大局部思想都是在修文中开展起来的。A. which关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. who关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,根据 educationalis指人,所以用who,应选C。16.(2022湖南岳阳)Ill never forget
16、the story _.A. that cheers me up B. who cheers me up C. what cheers me up【答案】A【解析】句意:我将永远不会忘记那个使我振作起来的故事。that cheers me up使我振作起来;who cheers me up使我振作起来的人;what cheers me up使我振作起来的。根据句子结构可知,该空应该是一个定语从句,修饰空前的名词the story,指物,故B不对,who引导的定语从句,先行词应该是人;C选项中what不能引导定语从句,也不对。故应选A。17.(2022吉林)Mr.Brown is a teach
17、er _ is strict with all is students.A. which B. who C. where【答案】B【解析】句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师。此题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,应选B。18.(2022辽宁盘锦)A landmark(里程碑) in the history of science was made by a photo _ was taken on April 10th about the black ho
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