上海市建平中学2022-2022学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题含解析.doc

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1、上海市建平中学2022-2022学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题含解析II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blan

2、ks, use one word that best fits each blank.Buy, buy in BangkokThe city of angles is a divine destination for those who are in heaven when they shop，spa and eat, according to a report by China Daily.Even if you are just in town for a few days, _1_ (shop) in Bangkok is an experience not to be missed.

3、From air-conditioned malls to cheerful markets, you have a trip made in heaven for those _2_ like to keep the swings open.It is in Central Bangkok _3_ you will also find the tempting delights and welcoming chilled (休闲舒适的)interiors of refined palaces of luxury consumption such as Central Chidlom，whic

4、h has a “one-stop shopping philosophy _4_ (feature) a wide selection of goods from both international and top local brand names. In-store services include personal fashion stylists who will provide professional advice _5_ clothing, make-up, hair styling and accessories that will suit you best. For M

5、uslim customers theres a prayer room _6_ (locate) on the 6th floor. The store is also a participant in Bangkoks VAT refund (增值税退款)for tourists. This means most tourists _7_ claim a VAT refund of from 4 to 6.1 percent _8_ they spend 2,000 baht (64$) or more in a day and claim a refund at the airport.

6、Just a few minutes walk from Chidlom is one of Bangkoks popular recreational destinations for young people. Central World is a buzzing 550,000 square meters thats 77 soccer fields of retail and entertainment, including two mega stores ZEN and Isetan, more than 500 stores，100-pius restaurants, a 15-s

7、creen cinema, an ice skating rink and _9_ (large) supermarket in Asia. And you can drop your kids off at the play and learning centers, Thailand Knowledge Park or Genius Planet Zone, where there are trained supervisors _10_ (keep) an eye on them and guarantee they make the most of the edutainment en

8、vironments.【答案】1. shopping 2. who 3. that 4. featuring 5. about/on 6. located 7. can 8. if 9. the largest 10. to keep【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在泰国曼谷购物和娱乐是一种不容错过的体验。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使你只是在那呆几天，在曼谷购物也是一种不容错过的体验。此处的shop为动词，表示 “购物，分析句子结构可知应该用动名词作主语，故填shopping。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从有空调的商场到热闹的市场，对于那些喜欢逛街的人来说，这是一次天堂之旅。先行

9、为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who。【3题详解】考查强调句型。句意：在曼谷市中心，你还会发现吸引人的娱乐场所和精致奢华的高档消费场所。将It is和空处去掉后句子结构依然完整，因此本句为强调句型根本结构为：it is+被强调局部+that+其余局部，本句强调的是地点状语in Central Bangkok，故填that。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司拥有“一站式购物的购物理念，从国际和本地顶级品牌中挑选多种商品。a “one-stop shopping philosophy 与feature之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填featur

10、ing。【5题详解】考查介词。句意：店内效劳包括个人时尚造型师，他们会为你提供最适合你的服装、化装、发型设计和配饰方面的专业建议。advice about/on表示“关于的建议，故填about/on。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：六楼有一个为穆斯林游客准备的祈祷室。be located+介词表示“位于，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填located。【7题详解】考查情态动词。句意：这意味着，如果大多数游客在一天内花费2000泰铢64美元或以上并在机场申请退税，他们可以申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税。根据句意可知此处表示“能够、可以，故填can。【8题详解】考查条件状语从句。句意同上，根据句意可

11、知，花费2000泰铢64美元或以上并在机场申请退税是游客申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税的条件，此处表示“如果，故填if。【9题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：“中心世界占地55万平方米，拥有77个足球零售和娱乐场所，其中包括两个大型商店Zen和Isetan、500多家商店、100家Pius餐厅、15个银幕影院、一个溜冰场和亚洲最大的超市。根据句意可知此处指的的是“亚洲最大的超市，突出“中心世界的规模之大，故填the largest。【10题详解】考查不定式。句意：那里有训练有素的主管去密切关注他们，确保他们充分利用寓教于乐的环境。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。Dire

12、ctions: Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems? Does “qaz2ws strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw? An analysis has found them to be a

13、mong the passwords that are most _11_ used, which of course means they are not secure at all.When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet，they appeared to _12_that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, even if, in the specifi

14、c case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to_13_. The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.“Users are becoming slightly more _

15、14_what makes a password strong explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it better, right?But _15_no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all peo

16、ple did was put the number “1 at the end.Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to _16_ their mobile phone with an account having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log on.Although the serviced i

17、s voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!，said that it was “the first step to_17_passwords. He said it was a(n)_18_that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I dont think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of

18、 the people using our products, he said.It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same peoples improving upon “password by using “password or，“tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 133tr3r5.“We are, for the most part，predictably_19_when it comes to choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from pa

19、ssword strength checkers during sign-ups said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) _20_, and so do password crackers.【答案】11. C 12. D 13. F 14. E 15. B 16. I 17. G 18. A 19. K 20. J【解析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了互联网上密码越来越不平安的原因。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：一项分析发现，它们是最常用的密码之一，这当然意味着它们根本不平安。修饰动词used用副词，根据“which of course means they are

20、 not secure at all.可知此处表示“通常地，应选C。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：当1000万个密码被泄露到互联网上时，它们似乎说明证实，互联网平安专家试图让我们提高密码强度的努力是成功的。appear to do表示“似乎做，根据“that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful可知此处表示“证实，应选D。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：许多人显然试图让它们更难被破解。make sth hard to do表示“使某事/物

21、很难，根据“While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to可知此处表示“破解，应选F。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：用户略微地意识到是什么使密码更强大。根据“what makes a password strong可知此处表示“意识到，be/become conscious of表示“意识到、知道，应选E。【15题详解】考查副词。句意：但实际上没有。他们发现，有近50万个密码都

22、是这样做的，其中20%的人都是把数字1放在最后。根据“They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1 at the end.可知此处表示“实际上并没有，应选B。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：雅虎允许用户选择将自己的 与账户关联起来，用户每次登录时都可以通过短信向该账户发送一次使用密码。根据“having a single use passwords texted to it each time they

23、 want to log on.可知此处表示“使关联、联系，associatewith表示“将和联系起来，应选I。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：雅虎的高管迪伦凯西说，这是解除密码的第一步。the first step后接不定式作定语，表示“的第一步，用户将自己的 与账户捆绑起来是解除密码的第一步，此处表示“解除，应选G。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：他说，人们成认越来越难记住他们所有的密码。此处缺少名词作表语，根据“that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had.可知此处表示“成认，

24、应选A。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：在很大程度上，我们在选择密码时非常缺乏想象力，尽管密码强度检查器在注册期间警告了我们十年。此处缺少形容词作表语，根据“despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups可知此处表示“缺乏想象力的，应选K。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：我们喜欢走捷径，密码破解者也是如此。作动词taking 的宾语用名词，我们在设置密码时缺乏想象力是因为我们喜欢走捷径，此处表示“捷径，应选J。. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADir

25、ections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Some of the advantages of bilingualism include better performance at tasks involving brains ability to plan and prioritize, bet

26、ter defense against Alzheimers (阿尔茨海默氏病)in old age and the obvious the ability to speak a second language. One advantage was not mentioned, though. Many multilinguals report different _21_. or even different worldviews, when they speak their different languages.Its an exciting idea that ones very se

27、lf could be_22_ by the mastery of two or more languages other than in obvious ways such as_23_to new friends and literature A former colleague, _24_, reported being ruder in Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?This_25_is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second la

28、nguage. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically (对称性地)bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school. They usually have different_26_in their different languages, and they are not always best in their first language. For example,

29、 when_27_in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) than in their native language. In part this is because working in a second language_28_the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking

30、 them. And no wonder they feel relaxed, perhaps more assertive or funnier, in the language where they were_29_from childhood.Then，what of those bilinguals raised in two languages? Even for a speaker whose two languages are_30_ in ability, there is another big reason that person will feel different i

31、n the two languages. This is because there is an important_31_between bilingualism and biculturalism. Of those bicultural bilinguals, we should be little_32_that they feel different in their two languages. Experiments in psychology have shown the power of “primingsmall unnoticed factors that can aff

32、ect behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican波多黎各人in New York, might _33_ feelings of family and home. Swi

33、tching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.So there are two very good reasons, asymmetrical ability and _34_, that make people feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with a third kind of_35_, though. We often see some languages inherent内在的

34、properties overlap 重叠with national stereotypes: French, rigorous; German, logical; English，playful. In this case, is there any convincing line of cause from grammar to personality?21. A. scholarsB. personalitiesC. evolutionD. intelligence22. A. maintainedB. upgradedC. examinedD. broadened23. A. atte

35、ntionB. adaptionC. exposureD. attraction24. A. in turnB. for exampleC. in another wayD. of course25. A. challengeB. influenceC. masteryD. benefit26. A. cause and effectB. problems and solutionsC. strengths and weaknessesD. pains and gains27. A. spokenB. taughtC. testedD. pressed28. A. slow downB. re

36、sult inC. break upD. cut up29. A. related toB. brought upC. fixed onD. obsessed with30. A. familiarB. uniqueC. equalD. practical31. A. relationshipB. distinctionC. limitationD. emphasis32. A. embarrassedB. accustomedC. surprisedD. exhausted33. A. arouseB. oppressC. explainD. demand34. A. biculturali

37、smB. primingC. locationD. education35. A. giftB. definitionC. argumentD. principle【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了双语的优缺点及其对双语学习者不同影响。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多会说多种语言的人有不同的性格，甚至世界观。A. scholars学者；B. personalities品格、个性；C. evolu

38、tion演变；D. intelligence智慧。根据空后的“or even different worldviews,可知，会说多种语言的人有不同的性格和世界观，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人的自我认知可能是通过掌握两种或两种以上语言，而不是以明显的方式，如接触到新朋友和文学的方式得以拓展。A. maintained维持；B. upgraded升级；C. examined检查；D. broadened扩大、拓宽。根据常识可知，掌握多种语言可以拓宽一个人的自我认知眼界，故D项正确。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attention注意力；B. adap

39、tion适应；C. exposure接触；D. attraction吸引力。根据空后的“to new friends and literature可知此处指接触朋友和文学，故C项正确。【24题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，一个以前的同事说，希伯来语比英语更粗鲁。那么这是怎么回事？A. in turn轮流；B. for example例如；C. in another way 另一方面；D. of course当然。句意为一个以前同事说，希伯来语比英语更粗鲁，这是作者举的一个例子，故B项正确。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个影响不一定与第二语言的词汇或语法有关。A. challen

40、ge挑战；B. influence影响；C. mastery精通；D. benefit好处。根据下文原因论述“In part this is because working in a second language 8 the thinking及上文说到那么这是怎么回事？可判断此处指影响，故B项正确。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在不同的语言中通常有不同的优点和缺点，在他们的母语中并不总是最好的。A. cause and effect原因和结果；B. problems and solutions问题和解决方法；C. strengths and weaknesses长处和短处；D.

41、pains and gains付出与收获。根据空后的“and they are not always best in their first language.可知，语言学习对人的影响有优缺点，故C项正确。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，当用外语测试时，人们陷入认知陷阱(用看似明显但错误的答案答复测试问题)的可能性比用母语测试要小。A. spoken说； B. taught教；C. tested测试；D. pressed压。根据下文研究测试 (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) 可知

42、此处指外语测试，故C项正确。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在某种程度上，这是因为用第二语言使思维变慢。A. slow down减速；B. result in导致；C. break up打碎；D. cut up切碎。根据上文中的“when_7_in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap可知，在外语中，人们比母语更不可能陷入认知陷阱是因为第二语言的环境会减缓人的思维，且与下文no wonder相照应，故A项正确。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：难怪在他们从小长大的语言环境中，他

43、们会感到放松，也许会更自信或更有趣。A. related to与有关；B. brought up教育、长大；C. fixed on固定；D. obsessed with痴迷于。根据空后的“from childhood.可知，此处指在他们从小长大的语言环境中，故B项正确。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会因为另一个重要的原因而觉得两种语言不同。A. familiar熟悉的；B. unique独一无二的；C. equal相等的；D. practical实际的。根据空后的“in ability, there is another big reason th

44、at person will feel different in the two languages.可知，即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会因为另一个重要的原因而觉得两种语言不同，故C项正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是因为双语和二元文化之间有一个重要的区别。A. relationship关系；B. distinction区别；C. limitation限制；D. emphasis重点。即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人也会觉得两种语言不同是因为双语和二元文化之间有区别，故B项正确。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那些接受两种文化双语者中，我们应该毫不奇怪他们在两种

45、语言中的感受不同。A. embarrassed为难的；B. accustomed习惯的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. exhausted精疲力尽的。根据空后的“that they feel different in their two languages.可知，接受两种文化的双语者对两种语言的感受不同，这一点并不让我们感到惊讶，故C项正确。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：说西班牙语,而不是英语,双语和二元文化的波多黎各人在纽约可能会唤起家的感觉。A. arouse引起、唤起；B. oppress压抑；C. explain解释；D. demand要求。根据空后的“Switching

46、 to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.可知，换用英语可能会让同一个人想起学校和工作，因此双语和二元文化的波多黎各人在纽约可能会唤起家的感觉，故A项正确。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以有两个很好的原因，不对称的能力和二元文化，让人们觉得说不同的语言是不同的。A. biculturalism二元文化；B. priming底料；C. location位置；D. education教育。根据上文介绍的二元文化对双语学习者的影响可知，二元文化让人们觉得说不同的语言是不一样的，故A项正确。【35题

47、详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，我们还有第三种论证。我们经常看到一些语言的固有属性与民族定型观念重叠。A. gift天赋；B. definition定义；C. argument争论、论证；D. principle原那么。我们经常看到一些语言的固有属性与民族定型观念重叠，这是除了上文所说的不对称的能力和二元文化之外对双语学习者产生影响的第三种论证，故C项正确。【点睛】本篇第14空D项education的干扰性很大，根据常识，很多同学会认为接受教育的不同而影响一个人使用语言的能力，但根据上文中“between bilingualism and biculturalism. 可知，一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会觉得两种语言不同是因为双语和二元文化之间有区别，因此此处说的是二元文化对人们使用语言的影响，应选biculturalism。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed b