专题15阅读理解-2年中考1年模拟备战2022年中考英语精品系列(原卷版).docx

《专题15阅读理解-2年中考1年模拟备战2022年中考英语精品系列(原卷版).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题15阅读理解-2年中考1年模拟备战2022年中考英语精品系列(原卷版).docx（15页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、备战2022中考系列：英语2年中考1年模拟专题15阅读理解解读考点阅读题型探究直击考点中考英语阅读理解分类解读一、 人物故事类【命题趋势】人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有所减少。【应试对策】人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时那么很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？首先，从问题中

2、找到关键词；然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节；找到后再把这一局部内容仔细阅读，认真比拟选项和文中细节的区别；最后，在正确理解细节的前提下，确定最正确答案。二、社会文化类【命题趋势】语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是“提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解。因此，社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷中是必然的。社会文化类文章的命题有以下趋势：1.以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、世界观、价值观等为主题。题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。2.一般一篇文章一个主题。以议论文、记叙文居多。3.命题方面，既重主旨把

3、握，又重特定细节，时有推断。【应试对策】对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：1.重视英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握。在复习过程加强对语言根底知识的掌握。对于普通中学毕业生来说，应具备20003500的词汇量，并掌握其词类、意思和根本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定词组、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法工程。2.扩展文化背景知识，认真研读历届高考题。从近五年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料会更多地涉及社会化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，要通过阅读更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。同时，要认真研读近五年的

4、高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应选材特点，熟悉题材和体裁。了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。3.广泛涉猎，丰富消遣阅读。三、逸闻趣事类：【命题趋势】1.特点：文章简短，描述一个片断。2.命题：多考查对事件的发生、开展和结局进行合理的推断。3.选材：描述“另类，标新立异。【应试对策】2.假设是表达性的文章，要读懂起因、经过、结果。假设是故事性文章应读懂故事的发生、开展、高潮、结局。它们是我们读懂趣闻逸事所必需的。3.假设是幽默故事，应体会幽默的对话、特别的动作，它们是幽默的精髓。四、史地常识类【命题趋势】英语是我们认识世界，了解世界的工具。史地常识类文章通常介绍异域风光，历史事件，进一步扩大我们的视野和对

5、其他国家，尤其是对英语国家的了解。因此史地常识类文章经常出现在高考阅读理解中，其趋势是：1.选材：英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代。2.命题：以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题。3.知识：涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。【应试对策】史地常识类文章多以细节题为主，着重考查理解文中具体信息的能力。细节题一般分为以下几类:1.排序题：根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子间的逻辑关系，找出事件正确顺序。一般采用“首尾定位法来做题。即先出第一个和最后一个事件，缩小范围，得出答案。2.图文转换题：根据短文描写找出相应图形或根据图形找出答案。一般采用“文史锁定法，(找出文字，按“文定“图)或“图形标示法。(在图中标

6、出内容，以便理解)3.数字换算题：根据数据，找出换算关系，计算并得出答案。4.表格理解题：看懂行和列分别代表的意义，正确理解，作出选择。5.同义转换题。6.代词指代题：理清人物、事件间的逻辑关系，使人物、事件更加条理化，简明化。五. 科普知识类【命题趋势】3. 在语法上，此类文章长句使用较多，主从复合句、同位语、插入语、非谓语动词形式和被动语态使用率较高；4. 此类文章语篇模式一般比拟固定、整齐，主题句通常位于段首，多使用平行结构。【应试对策】2年中考2022年题组1【2022年辽宁省沈阳市中考】阅读短文,然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最正确选项。Onaspringnight,weoff

7、erbookloversadeskandalight.Youcanstayhereaslongasyouwantto.Thisistheslogan(宣传语)ofSanlianTaofenBookstoreinBeijing.Earlierthismonth,SanlianTaofenBookstorebecamethefirst24-hourbookstoreinthecity.Ithopestoencouragemorepeopletoreadbooks.Bookstoresarethebrainofacity.Althoughmanypeoplecannowbuybooksonline,

8、manyreadersstilllikethefeelinginbookstores.Theycantouchthebooksandsmelltheprint.InChina,mostcitiesarehometoatleastonebookstore.Somehavespecialthemes(主题).PopularHoldings(群众书局)inShanghaiisafilm-themedbookstore.Therearefilmbooksandposters(海报)inside.Otherbookstoreshavecolorfulactivities.EsliteBookstore(

9、诚品书店)inTaiwanhasactivitiesliketalkswithfamouswritersaswellwithothers.Thebesttitle(标题)toexplainthemainideaofthetextis_.A.BuyingBooksinBookstoresB.WarmPlacesforReadingC.ANewBookstoreinChinaD.GreatBookstoresOnlineWhatsspecialaboutSanlianTaofenBookstoreinBeijing?A.Itallowsreaderstostaythereonlyatnight.B

10、.Itoffersreadersadeskandalight.C.Itisthefirst24-hourbookstoreinthecity.D.Ithopesbookloverswillreadthere.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribepeoplesfeelinginbookstores?B.Touchingthebooksandsmellingtheprint.C.Stayinginsideaslongaspossible.D.BuyingbooksonlinewithenjoymentPopularHoldingsinShanghaiisoneoft

11、hebookstoreswith_.A.asmallgalleryB.colourful activitiesC.aspecialsloganD.a special themeC.encouragingthemselvestoreadD.gettingreadytobefamouswriters2.【2022年辽宁省沈阳市中考】阅读短文,然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最正确选项。SouthofFlorida,manyislandsdot(点缀着)theocean.OneofthemisHispaniola.ItsnamepointstothefactthatChristopherColu

12、mbusvisitedtheislandin1492.Asaresult,Spainruledtheislandforthenext300years.Twonationsnowsharetheisland.Haitimakesup(占据)thewesternthird.TheDominicanRepublicmakesuptheeasterntwo-thirds.TheDominicanRepublicsareaisabout18,000squaremileswiththepopulationof8million.Mostpeopleliveclosetotheislandscoast.Lik

13、emanyothertropical(热带的)islands,theDominicanRepublicregardstourismasakeyindustry.Thecoastalcities,especially,dependontouriststofilltheirhotelsandrestaurants.ThenaturalbeautyofthebeachesandoftheforestsdrawDominicansandtouristsalike.Whenyourereadyforsomethingelse,walkintotown.Music,dancing,andpeopleinC

14、olourfulmasks(面具)willgreetyouatnearlyeverystreetcorner.Whetheryougotojointhemorgetawayfromthem,therewillbeaplaceforyouintheDominicanRepublic.WhichofthefollowingmapsshowstherightpositionofHispaniola,HaitiandtheDominicanRepublic?WhathappenedtoHispaniola after ChristopherColumbusvisitedtherein1492?A.Sp

15、ainruledtheislandfor300years.B.Twonationssharedtheisland.C.TheDominicanRepublicjoinedtheislandD.ThenameofHaitibegantouse.TheDominicanRepublicisfamousforThelastparagraph(段落)seemstotellusthatpeopleintheDominicanRepublicare_.A.colourfulB.friendlyC.busyD.braveThereadingaboveisprobablytakenfrom_.A.ascien

16、cebookB.astorybookC.ageographybookD.apicturebook3.【2022年湖南省娄底市中考】第一节判断正误阅读下面短文，判断以下句子是否符合短文内容，符合的写A，不符合的写(B)。共5小题，计10分 A large number of Chinese Internet users like Huang have found the joys of online shopping. Most online shoppers are students and young workers. More women shop on line than men. Cl

17、othing and household products(家用产品) are the most popular on line. It was reported that more than 300 billion(十亿) yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao.Taobao means “looking for treasure in Chinese. People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books

18、, from candies to DVD players.You may question the security(平安) of online shopping, Huang Xinhui said, “ Its very safe and convenient(便利的). If you dont receive the products from the sellers or you are not satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if

19、 you want to return the products.Chinas largest online shopping site is Taobao.Most online popular products are clothing and household ones.300 billion yuan was spent on online shopping last year through Taobao.People can only find three kinds of things on Taobao.If you are not satisfied with the pr

20、oducts, you can return them. 2022年题组1.【2022年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】阅读理解共20小题，每题2分，总分值40分阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最正确选项。Do you sleep well? If your answer is no, the following might help you.Set a certain bedtime and rising time A certain bedtime and rising time can help you build up your body clocks. Se

21、t a bedtime which is good and natural for you. Dont change your bedtime and rising time on weekends.Avoid exciting activities just before sleeping Exciting activities get your thoughts running. At the same time, if you make tomorrows plan or read an exciting story before turning off the light, it do

22、esnt give you enough time to relax before you try to sleep.Keep the bedroom for sleeping only Its a bad habit for you to use your bedroom as a place to eat, watch TV, read, talk on the phone, or discuss important matters with your family members. Break that habit to get better sleep.Dont go to bed t

23、oo earlyYour body usually lets you sleep only the number of hours it needs. You should decide how many hours you must sleep in order not to experience daytime sleepiness.Take a warm shower before your bedtimeA twenty-minute warm shower at a temperature of about 45 50 not only is a great relax at day

24、s end, but also raises your body temperature by several degrees. The coming drop in temperature of your body will naturally make you feel sleepy.80. If you want to build up your body clocks, you should _. C. keep the bedroom for sleeping onlyD. take a warm shower before sleeping81. Why should you av

25、oid exciting activities just before sleeping? A. Because they will get your thoughts runningB. Because you have to make tomorrows paln C. Because you should read an exciting storyD. Because you will have to turn off the light.82. Your bedroom should be kept for _ only. A. talkingB. eatingC. readingD

26、. sleeping83. According to the passage, _ will make you feel sleepy. A. taking a cold showerB. your body temperature dropping C. your daily experience D. raising your body temperature2【广东省2022年中考英语试题】61. The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from_. A.FranceB.JapanC.Germany D. Australia 62. T

27、he underlined word buried probably means _in the passage. A.燃烧B.障碍C.回收D.掩埋63. The town of Guiya in Guangdong Province_. A.is the e-capital of the world B.has serious e-waste pollution C. Deals with e-waste safely D.speeds much money on e-waste 64. This year,the Chinese government_. 65. The passage i

28、s mainly about_. A.the way in deal with e-waste B.the cost of burning e-waste C.the e-waste problem in China D.the need to pass a law against e-waste3.【2022年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was Christmas Eve. When everyone went to bed, Bunny couldnt fall asleep. He still

29、 couldnt think of what he wanted as a special Christmas present. He wondered how Santa Father Christmas would know what to bring him if he didnt know himself.从第一自然段可知，他还在想着他可以得到什么圣诞礼物。他想知道如果圣诞老人不认识他又怎样知道他要什么礼物。As he was sitting up in bed, Bunny heard a big noise on the roof(屋顶) and a sound downstair

30、s. It was Santa Claus, he realized. Bunny jumped out of bed and ran down the hall to the stairs. He hoped to take a look at the old man before Santa left for his next stop.“Hello, said Bunny. “Is somebody there?He was answered by another cry. Bunny looked around the big pile of presents to see what

31、was making the noise. Right under the tree was a funny looking brown animal with big feet and sad eyes. It also had antlers(鹿角) on its head. Bunny almost mistook it for a dog. “Are you a reindeer? asked Bunny.“Yes, replied the brown animal with antlers. “My name is Ralph.“And you were pulling Santas

32、 sled(雪橇)?“I was until I got air-sick, replied Ralph. “Santa had to leave me here and go on with the other seven reindeer.“Isnt it a bit unusual for a reindeer to get air-sick? I mean, isnt flying what reindeer are famous for?“Well, if you like, you can stay with us as a friend, said Bunny. As he ma

33、de the offer, Bunny suddenly realized the special present he wanted from Santa was a new friend!33.Why couldnt Bunny fall asleep on Christmas Eve?A. He wanted to take a close look at Santa Claus. B. He was waiting for his special present from his father.C. He was thinking about what present to get f

34、rom Santa.D. He was woken up by a noise on the roof of his house.34.The underlined phrase “cut out probably means .A. suitable B. famousC. readyD. bad 35.What can we learn from the article?A. Ralph is a brown dog with antlers.B. Ralph is afraid of flying in the air.C. Bunny got a sled as a Christmas

35、 present.D. Bunny sent Ralph back to the North Pole.36.This article seems to tell us that .A. Santa lives in the South Pole with his reindeerB. Santa usually puts Christmas presents on the roofs C. Santa uses dogs to bring children presents on Christmas EveD. Santa knows what presents children want

36、without being told4.【贵州省安顺市2022年中考英语试题】阅读理解，根据短文内容选择正确答案。每题2分，共30分Have you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? Or in a waiting room full of strangers?Or on a bus? Researchers have found out some interesting facts. Girls sit by girls and boys sit

37、 by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young person to sit near. But it goes further than this. We even choose to sit near someone who looks like us. People with glasses are more likely to sit near other people with glasses. People with long hair sit closer to other people wit

38、h long hair. When we always stay with the same people， how can we break down the barriers which prevent us from getting to know people with different ideas? And how can we avoid the ignorance(无知)? If you want to live in a society that opens to changes， new things and different opinions， be the cat a

39、mong the pigeons(鸽子). 58. From the passage， we know that people prefer sitting by someone who . A. is like themselves B. has a sense of humorC. is open-minded D. lives an exciting lifeC. be accepted easily and feel safe D. discover differences among themselves60. The sentence “Unsurprisingly， we pre

40、fer to sit closer to people like ourselves. should be put at the beginning of _. A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 461. What does the underlined word “barriers mean in Paragraph 4?62. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To tell us not to talk with strangers. B. To introduce

41、 ways to learn about the world. D. To encourage us to get along with different people.考点归纳解题思路(一)先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。(二)快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。(三)细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1. 抓住四个W和一个H，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，W

42、hen(时间)，Where(地点)，Why(原因)，How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W和一个“H，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。3. 注意领会文章的寓意。4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种： 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理

43、及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中那么用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。二、题型分类初中英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型，抓住

44、它的解法和思路，就可以顺利做好这些题目：(一)选择符合文章的选项(二)判断正误(三)根据文章内容答复以下问题，现今该题型归纳在任务型阅读中，此处不做详解。解题技能从如何进一步提高阅读理解能力方面提出复习迎考策略。一、养成良好阅读心态阅读时过于紧张、思想开小差等消极因素会阻碍大脑的正常思维，而保持心绪安定，精神专一等良好的阅读习惯那么能大大提高大脑的思维。良好的阅读习惯来自于良好的阅读心态。因此，从现在开始，注意在平时的阅读理解训练中保持一种好的阅读心态，精力应集中，心态要平和，在碰到生词难句时不能心烦意乱，要保持一种良好的心绪，这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，思想深刻，才能更好地把握住文章的脉络

45、。二、注重提高阅读的速度中考英语阅读理解共由4篇文章组成，从某种程度上说，阅读理解考的也是阅读速度，要学会快速浏览，能快速找出文章的关键词句和主旨。因此要注重培养自己快速阅读的习惯，扩大眼睛阅读的广度，把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一种较快速度的线式阅读;在碰到生词或难懂的句子时不能浪费时间，可以先行越过，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜想、推断。三、注意阅读技巧训练可以通过反复精做一篇阅读，直到全对，不断总结、调整和强化获取表层信息及内在信息或猜想、推理、判断、概括的能力;还要善于找关键句，在很多文章里第一段和每段的第一句往往是关键句，可以帮助同学们理解整个文章的主题或某一段的概括。在阅读中，要注意抓住中心思想(Mainidea)，以及文中出现的who、where、when、what及why等关键词。四、要坚持每天阅读每天读两至三篇题材各样的小短文。要多练习富有代表性、典型性的体裁和题材的阅读文章，如记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文，幽默故事、新闻广告、文体娱乐、科普常识、文化