牛津初中英语词汇运用专项总结.doc

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1、invent-inventor visit-visitor (+or). pollute-pollution invite-invitation invent-invention (+tion). 动词 形容词 .*牛津初中英语词汇运用专项总结词汇主要考两种题型 ：1。根据中文意思写出所缺单词； 2。用所给单词的适当形式填空（即词形变化）。解答时有不同的技巧，首先第一种题型的解答技巧：要重视词汇，句子在语境中的理解，把词汇放在真实交际情景中去学习，而不是独立的死记硬背。要从上下文中寻找和领悟词义要注意语言中的词汇搭配和组合。 一， 根据中文意思写出所缺单词。1 There is not _(许

2、多) information in todays newspaper.2 They are sitting there _(安静的)。3 That sounds _(好)， its a good idea.4 Do it _(细心)。You will do it well.5 A train is going _ (通过) the tunnel now.6 We have two _(班长) in our class.7 Shall we take different _(路线)？8 There were three _(强盗) last night.9 He spends an hour _

3、(练习) playing the piano.10She left home without _(说) anything.11 Shall we have some class_(会议) this week?12The girl doesnt look _(健康).13 The boy _(躺) on the sofa and crying.14 Paul tried to pass the exam, but he _(失败)。15 The medicine _(起作用) very well.16 The baby _(哭) very hard yesterday.17。 Thank you

4、 for _(邀请) me to your party.18 This pair of jeans _(合身) me very well.19 He enjoys _(交流) with his friends.20 I like watching fashion_(表演)。第二种题型是词形变化。做此类题的关键在于弄清楚所填的词在句中所做的成分，然后把所给的单词根据句中成分的需要按照词类之间的变化规则进行相应的变化，如下框架图所示： 1名词单数变复数 2人称，物主，反身代词的互变 词性不变 3。形容词，副词的级别 4基数词，序数词的互变 5动词的五种变化形式（目前学了四种） 词形变化 6。同义词

5、，反义词 1名词与形容词的互变 2形容词与副词的互变 词性变化 3。动词与名词的互变 4动词与形容词的互变 5同音异义词一，词性不变的其中用一些常用反义词。1 动词open-close remember-forget take-bring lend-borrow go-come start-finish miss-catch buy-sell lose-win pull-push love-hate ask-answer die-live 2 形容词light dark short -long right- -left heavy - tall wrong old young full emp

6、ty - new - hungry ate-early little-much few-many careful -careless cheap-expensive poor -rich clean-dirty same-different happy-unhappy easy-difficult good -bad white-black3 其他east-west south-north day-night always-never none-all over-under below-above up-down inside-outside etc.二词性发生变化的词形变化，主要围绕动词，名

7、词，形容词之间，通过加前缀，后缀变化而得到不同词类的变化，如图：名词动词形容词 副词 名词 形容词 eg: help helpful care +ful / less carefuluse usefulfriend-friendly love-lovely week-weekly (+ly)wood-wooden wool-woolen gold-golden (+en)east, south, west, north +ern sun-sunny wind-windy snow-snowy cloud-cloudy rain-rainy luck-luckynoise-noisy (+y)

8、形容词 副词 (一般+ly)eg: careful-carefully sudden-suddenly useful-usefully happy-happily easy-easily true-truly polite-politely comfortable-comfortably动词 名词eg: teach-teacher work-worker sing-singer read-reader (+er) 注： cook-cooker(厨具) invent-inventor visit-visitor (+or) pollute-pollution invite-invitation

9、invent-invention (+tion)动词 形容词eg: surprise -surprised surprising excite -excited exciting amaze -amazed amazing interest -interested interesting etc.四，同音异义词：指读音相同拼写和意义却不相同的单词，这样的单词往往词性不同。,eg: aunt-arent right-write too-two blue-blew son-sun where-wear by-buy through-threw week-weak I -eye wood-would

10、 here-hear For-four no-know hi -high , new-knew hour-our meet-meat , road-rode one-won pair-pear , past-passed see-sea etc.五，目前需要熟记某些动词/短语后常接doing , to do 做宾语 1. 跟doing 的动词/短语有 finish be busy practice keep (on) enjoy spend miss +doing sth +money or time +doing mind have fun dislike look forward to h

11、ate like, love 2.跟to do 的动词/短语有 choose 3.跟doing 和to do 的有decide forgethope +to do remember +to do / doingwish stopfail go onget ready 4.一些形容短语+to do be afraid / frightened surprised excited to do happy sorry amazed有些动词必须跟动词不定式作宾补时，to不省 tell / ask / wish / want/ teach +sb to do 而有些必须跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾补 l

12、et/ make / have + sb do 有些可省可不省to help sb (to )do Id like half a kilo of _( tomato) , please.1 I have some _(loaf) of bread.2 There are a lot of _（woman teacher）in our school.3 The tall building has 15-30 _(floor).4 They dont have to go far if they want some_(help).5 She is very _ (friend). I want t

13、o make _(friend) with he.6 These dresses are the _(dance).7 I think this book is one of the _(robber).二，代词j人称代词 （人称代词的主格，宾格）(排列顺序 you he and I )k物主代词 （形容词性和名词性）l反身代词 （+self, selves）1. The girl in red is a friend of _(me).2. My dream home is quite different from _(she).3. He is old enough to look aft

14、er _(he).4. _(us) classroom is here and _(you) is over there.5. The little boy between _(I) and _(he) is my cousin.6. “This is the place I look for.” He said to _(he)7. He has few friends here ,he always plays by _(he).8. Most of _(we) are hard-working.三，动词动词的运用和时态有很大关联，目前学过的有，一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，一般将来

15、时四种时态。此外要熟记动词常用搭配1. It _(take) me 2 hours _(get) there by bus.2. There is no water _(drink).3. When you come to the corner, you _(see) a hotel.4. Whats he doing ? He _(walk) around the table.5. I _(buy) a dictionary next Monday.6. He is _(push) the piano but it doesnt move.7. Last Friday , I _(fly)

16、to London with my parents.8. Thousands of years ago, women _(wear) clothes like these.9. It _(be) a happy day last night.10. The last dodo _(die) in 1681.11. Lets go _(swim) this afternoon.12. The police _(look) for some robbers.13. I hope the weather _(be) sunny tomorrow. We are going to have a spo

17、rts meeting.14. When the doorbell rang ,the boy _(jump) up to open the door.15. Tim Brown _(play) for the City Football Team.16. Before _(push) the door open, you should knock at it first.17. Kitty _(practice) dancing every day because she wants to be a dancer when she grows up.18. It _(take) me 10

18、days to finish my work last month.19. The van _(stop) at the traffic lights, and they jumped out of the van.20. look at the clouds ,I think it _(rain).四，形容词，副词 1. The music sounds_(great)2. She is a _ girl , she does everything_.(care)3. Of all the subjects ,I like English _(good)4. Lesson one is le

19、ss_(hard) than lesson two.5. Its cold outside. You should keep the door _(close)6. Its _(easy) to find the shop.7. Shanghai is one of the _(big) cities in the world.8. There are at _(little) 25 rooms in my dream house.9. What an _ story . Im _in it. (interest)10. The world is full of _(amaze) things

20、.五，基数词，序数词1. Every year we plant _(thousand) of trees.牛津初中英语句型转换专项总结一.一般疑问句定义:对某一种情况提出质疑,通常可以用yes 或 no 回答的问句。构成:把系动词be、助动词、情态动词提前可以构成一般疑问句。(如果谓语动词是行为动词，它前面又助动词无情态动词，这时要在主语前面加上助动词，构成疑问句)e.g I am an American He can speak English. Are you an American? Can he speak English? I have a camera. Lucy has som

21、e hair clips.Did you have a camera? Does Lucy have any hair clips二.选择疑问句构成:由一般疑问句加选择部分,选择部分用or连接,用陈述句回答.e.g Is your friend a boy or a girl? She is a girl.三.特殊疑问句即对划线部分提问: 定义:用what, who, which等特殊疑问代词或when, where, why, how等疑问副词引起的疑问句叫特殊疑问句. 构成:由特殊疑问词加一般疑问句构成.1. what对物或活动提问 e.g They are apples. We play

22、 football after school. What are they? What do you do after school?2.who 对人提问 e.g The girl on the bus is Lucys sister. Who is the girl on the bus?3.whose 对所属关系提问(表示某人的) e.g These are their coats. Whose coats are these?4.when 对时间提问. e.g My birthday is on 2nd April. When is your birthday?5.where 对地点提问

23、 e.g My mother is at home. Where is your mother?6.why 对原因提问 e.g I like my classroom because Its big and clean. Why do you like your classroom?7.which 对人或物提问 e.g The man in the white car is my uncle. Which man is your uncle?Which food do you like?I like eggs and meat.8.How 对方式提问. e.g He goes to schoo

24、l by bike.How does he go to school?9.how old 对年龄提问 e.g My sister is 12 years old. How old is your sister?10.how many/much 对数量提问 e.g I have three books. There is some juice in the glass. How many books do you have? How much juice is there in the glass?11.how often 对频率提问. e.g We go home twice a month.

25、 How often do you go home?12.how long 对一段时间提问 e.g He watches TV for two hours at the weekend. How long does he watch TV at the weekend?13 how far 对路程进行提问e.g. Its ten minutes walk from here to the centre of the town. How far is it from here to the centre of the town?四、反意疑问句句式：陈述句，简略的一般疑问句？注意：1 一般疑问句中

26、主语以后的部分省略。 2 陈述句是肯定，疑问句用否定；陈述句是否定，疑问句用肯定。 e.g. Mary does her homework every evening, doesnt she?His sister cant swim, can she?There is a book on the desk, isnt there?五.否定句构成:1.如谓语部分有助动词be,情态动词(can, may, must, could, shall, would 等等)其否定形式只需在它们后面加上not。e.g She is a student. She isnt a student. You must

27、 do your homework. You mustnt do your homework.2.若谓语动词是行为动词，否定形式要在动词前加do not ,does not(主语为第三人称单数时)，或didnt （用于一般过去时，行为动词作谓语）构成否定形式后还要将行为动词改为动词原形).e.g 1 They study hard. 2 She likes cooking They dont study hard She doesnt like cooking 3 I did my homework just now. I didnt do my homework just now.六、感叹句

28、句式：What +形+名（可数名词复数或不可数）(+ 主语+谓语)What +a/an +形+名（可数名词单数） (+ 主语+谓语 ) How + 形/副 + 主语+谓语 e.g. What a clever boy he is! What interesting news! How important the information is! How happily they are playing!七、同义句熟记下列同义短语及句型:1 This book is his.=This book belongs to him.= This is his book.2 The apples weig

29、h ten kilograms.= The weight of the apples is ten kilograms.3 Could you tell him how he can read the words?= Could you tell him how to read the words?4 What an interesting book this is!= How interesting this book is!5.be good at=be clever at=do well in6 walk to school = go to school on foot7be from=

30、come from8.buy sb sth=buy sth for sb9.be like=look like10.be in = be a member of11.want to do sth=would like to do sth12.not a/an/any=no13.give sb sth=give sth to sb show sth to sb = show sb sth14.Its time for sth=Its time to do sth15.favourite=like-best16. spend金钱+doing /on sth=It costs sb +金钱+to do sth = pay.for17dont forget=remember18.too,also:too应放在句末,also放在句中,be动词之后或行为动词之前.19there be 与 have(has)之间的转换20.many/much=a lot of/lots of7