溶胶凝胶法制备Sr3Al2O6Eu2红色长余辉发光材料与发光性能的研究毕业论文.doc
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1、 .分 类 号 密 级理工大学硕 士 学 位 论 文题 目: 溶胶凝胶法制备Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+红色长余辉发光材料与发光性能的研究英文并列题目: Researches on Synthesis and Photoluminescence of the Red Long Persistent Phosphors Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+by Sol-Gel研究生: 王森学 号: S20060414专 业: 物理电子学研究方向: 功能材料与器件导师: 彩娥职 称: 教 授论文提交时间: 2009/5 学位授予单位: 理工大学地 址: 太 原 理 工 大 学87 / 97溶胶凝胶法制备Sr3
2、Al2O6:Eu2+红色长余辉发光材料与发光性能的研究摘 要长余辉发光材料是一种关闭光源后仍能持续长时间发光的新型功能材料,被广泛应用于紧急照明、军事和工艺美术等领域。因为红色长余辉发光材料的欠缺在一定程度上抑制了长余辉发光材料的应用,所以新型红色长余辉发光材料成为了人们的研究热点,而Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+作为一种新型的红色长余辉发光材料,具备铝酸盐长余辉发光材料的优良特性,越来越受到人们的重视。本文旨在通过新的溶胶凝胶工艺制备该类红色长余辉发光材料,以期研究开发一种廉价、无污染的高效节能型红色长余辉发光材料。以Sr3Al2O6为基质,Eu2O3为激活剂,Dy2O3或Pr6O11为敏化剂,
3、采用溶胶凝胶法制备了Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+/Pr3+红色长余辉发光材料,激发峰为473nm,发射峰为612nm/622nm,余辉时间最长达10min(mcd/m2)。经过对比实验,确定了制备Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+红色长余辉发光材料的最佳条件:名义组分为Sr2.95Al2O6:0.02Eu2+,0.03Dy3+,煅烧温度为1200,恒温时间为2小时,升温速率为56/min,助熔剂为H3BO3(摩尔分数计为Al的20%)。利用DTA、XRD、荧光光谱、余辉衰减曲线等测试方法,考察了柠檬酸用量、Dy掺杂量、Eu掺杂量、H3BO3掺杂量、煅烧温度、升温速率以与Pr掺杂量对S
4、r3Al2O6:Eu2+红色长余辉发光材料的影响,详细研究了Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+类红色长余辉发光材料的合成、发光机理以与光谱特性等基础问题。实验结果表明,溶胶的制备受反应温度、溶液初始浓度、溶液pH值、络合剂等因素的影响,本文选用乙醇来调节制备溶胶凝胶过程中的pH值,大大缩短了实验周期。探讨了Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+材料发射红光的在机理。Sr3A12O6的Sr-O平均键距较小,晶格场效应使得Eu2+的4f65d1能带的底部移向较低的能量位置,电子云膨胀效应使得Eu2+的整个能带向较低的能量位置平移。从而导致Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+长余辉发光材料激发光谱向长波方向延伸,发射光
5、谱红移,产生红色发射。随着Eu2+离子浓度增大,Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料的发射强度随之增强,直到Eu2+离子浓度超过3mol%时,发生浓度猝灭,其发射强度开始逐渐减小。发光中心Eu2+发生自身的浓度猝灭。本文还研究了助熔剂H3BO3对Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+的长余辉特性所起的作用与其机理。结果表明B3+的合适加入量为0.2mol,有助于提高Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+的发光强度和余辉时间。B3+没有进入晶格,作为助熔剂有利于Sr3Al2O6相的生成。关键词:Sr3Al2O6,红色长余辉,溶胶凝胶法,发光机理RESEARCHES ON SYNTHES
6、IS ANDPHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF THE RED LONGPERSISTENT PHOSPHORS SR3AL2O6:EU2+BY SOL-GELABSTRACTThe long photoluminescence phosphor is a new functional material that can illuminate for a long time after the lamp-house is closed. This material has been applied in lots of domains such as emergent illuminat
7、ion, military affairs, industrial arts etc. Its application is restrained by the deficiency of the red long photoluminescence phosphor. Now the research on the new red long photoluminescence phosphors has been done and the Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+ phosphor has been thought much of because this phosphor possess
8、es the excellent characteristics of the aluminates. In this paper, strontium aluminates phosphors were prepared by a new method of sol-gel process in order to research and develop a sort of cheap, environmental friend and high-efficient red long afterglow phosphors materials.Using Sr3Al2O6 as matrix
9、, Eu2O3 and Dy2O3 as co-doping agent, a long afterglow luminescent material Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+, Dy3+ was prepared by sol-gel method. Its excitation and emission peak lie in 473 nm and 612 nm respectively, and the afterglow can last about 10 minutes (mcd/m2). Through the comparison experiment, the optimal
10、 experiment condition for preparing Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+ was obtained as follows: the nominal composition is Sr2.95Al2O6:0.02Eu2+,0.03Dy3+, the sintering temperature is 1200, the temperature retention time is 2 hours, the heating rates is 5-6 /min, the flux is H3BO3 (adding amount of Al 0.2 (mole rati
11、o). The XRD, excitation spectrum, emission spectrum and afterglow decay curve were used to characterize Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+ in this thesis, and the influences of sintering temperature, adding amount of H3BO3, concentration of doped Eu3+, concentration of doped Dy3+, concentration of doped Pr3+, and h
12、eating rate on the luminescence properties of Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+, have been applied to an elementary understanding on synthesis process of phosphors, characteristic of spectra and fluorescent properties.The mechanism of the Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+phosphors exhibit red long afterglow luminescence after ex
13、cited by visible light was analyzed. The effect of the crystal field causes the split of 5d energy level of Eu is larger than that of SrA12O4 phase. The effect of the nephelauxetic causes the center of gravity of the 5d excited state energy levels reduced. Resulting in the excitation spectrum of Sr3
14、Al2O6:Eu2+ Long Afterglow Phosphors extend to the long-wave direction, led to red shift of the photoluminescence spectra of Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+. The broad red emission band with the peak located at 612 nm.It was found that the influence factors of preparing the strontium aluminates sol-gel were the pH val
15、ue of solution, additive categories, the concentration of solution, the heating temperature and so on.The addition of ethanol in preparing sol can adjust pH value in preparing sol-gel.The experiment during was shorten greatly.It is discovered that the emission intensity of phosphors increased firstl
16、y then decreased with the content of Eu2+ ions. The quenching concentration of the Eu2+ ions is 2mol% and the quenching mechanism is proved as dipole-dipole interaction.The effect of H3BO3 on the Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphor was also investigated. It is showed thatB3+ ions can increase the intensity
17、of the luminescence and improve the long afterglow performance of Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphor. When added 0.2mol B3+ the best luminescent properties of Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+, Dy3+ was obtained.KEY WORDS: Sr3Al2O6, red longafterglow, sol-gel, luminescence mechanism目 录摘要IABSTRACTIII第一章绪论11.1 长余辉发光材料概述11.2 红色长
18、余辉发光材料研究现状21.2.1 硫化物体系21.2.2 硫氧化物体系41.2.3 钛酸盐体系51.2.4 硅酸盐体系61.2.5 铝酸盐体系81.3 红色长余辉发光材料的主要合成方法91.3.1 高温固相法101.3.2 溶胶凝胶法101.3.3 燃烧法111.3.4 共沉淀法111.3.5 其他方法111.4 红色长余辉发光机理研究现状121.4.1 空穴转移模型121.4.2 位型坐标模型131.5本课题的主要研究容14第二章实验设计与研究方法162.1 实验设计思路与目标162.2 实验原料172.3 实验仪器和设备17本实验中选用的实验仪器和设备见表2-2172.4 工艺流程182.
19、5 实验步骤192.6 样品性能的测试202.6.1 XRD分析202.6.2 余辉性能202.6.3 荧光光谱202.6.4差热分析20第三章Sr3Al2O6基质制备工艺的研究223.1 Sr3Al2O6溶胶凝胶的制备工艺223.1.1 溶胶凝胶的反应过程223.1.2 溶液初始浓度的确定233.1.3 反应温度的确定233.1.4 pH值的确定233.1.5 络合剂的确定253.1.6硝酸用量的确定253.2 Sr3Al2O6物相的结晶过程253.2.1 实验技术方案273.3.2 热重-差热曲线分析273.3.3 XRD分析273.3 柠檬酸用量对Sr3Al2O6基质制备的影响293.3
20、.1实验技术方案293.3.2柠檬酸用量对Sr3Al2O6物相结晶过程的影响29第四章 Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+红色长余辉发光材料性能的研究324.1 Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+红色长余辉发光机理324.1.1 实验技术方案324.1.2 XRD分析324.1.3 发光机理探讨334.2 Dy掺杂量对Sr3-0.02-yAl2O6:0.02Eu2+,yDy3+发光材料的影响374.2.1 实验技术方案374.2.2 Dy掺杂量对发射光谱的影响384.2.3 Dy掺杂量对初始亮度和余辉时间的影响394.3 Eu掺杂量对Sr3-x-0.03Al2O6:xEu2+,0.03Dy
21、3+发光材料的影响404.3.1 实验技术方案404.3.2 Eu掺杂量对物相的影响414.3.3 Eu掺杂量对发射光谱的影响414.3.4 Eu掺杂量对余辉时间和初始亮度的影响414.4 煅烧温度对Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+发光材料的影响434.4.1 实验技术方案434.4.2 煅烧温度对物相的影响434.4.3 煅烧温度对发光性能的影响444.5 升温速率对Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+发光材料的影响474.5.1 实验技术方案474.5.2 升温速率对物相的影响474.5.3 升温速率发射光谱的影响484.5.4 升温速率初始亮度和余辉时间的影响494.6 H3BO3掺
22、杂量对Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Dy3+发光材料的影响504.6.1 实验技术方案504.6.2 H3BO3掺杂量对物相的影响514.6.3 H3BO3掺杂量对发光性能的影响51第五章 Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+,Pr3+红色长余辉发光性能的研究545.1 实验技术方案545.2 Pr3+离子掺杂对物相的影响545.3 Pr3+离子掺杂对发光性能的影响54第六章结论和展望596.1 结论596.2 展望60参考文献61致70攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文目录71第一章 绪论1.1 长余辉发光材料概述物体受到诸如光照、外加电场或电子束轰击等的激发后,吸收外界能量,处于激发态,它在跃迁回基态的过
23、程中,吸收的能量会以光、热等形式释放,如果这部分能量是以光的电磁波形式辐射出来,即称这种物体为发光体,或称发光材料。发光材料一般是由基质(主体)和掺杂物两部分组成。掺杂物质包括激活剂、敏化剂、助熔剂等。基质在发光材料中一般起禁锢激活离子和吸收能量的作用。在有的发光材料中,基质仅仅是起到禁锢激活离子的作用,有的基质同时发挥禁锢激活离子和吸收能量两种作用。基质是发光材料的主体,在发光材料中的含量一般都在90%以上。激活剂尽管在发光材料中的含量非常少,一般为基质材料的几十到几百分之一,但激活剂在发光材料发光过程中却起着核心作用。在一种发光材料中,可能有一种激活剂离子也可能有两种或两种以上的激活剂离子
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