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1、 初中英语中考一轮复习 八上Units12教材知识点一、 单词盘点anyone(pron.)任何人； wonderful(adj.)精彩的；绝妙的；高频考点 few(adj./pron.)不多；很少； most(adj./adv./pron.)最多；大多数；高频考点nothing(pron.)没有什么；没有一件东西；myself(pron.)我自己；我本人； hen(n.)母鸡； pig(n.)猪；seem(v.)好像；似乎；看来； bored(adj.)厌倦的；烦闷的；高频考点decide(v.)决定；选定； try(v./n.)尝试；设法；努力；高频考点wonder(v.)想知道；琢磨；

2、difference(n.)差别；差异；top(n.)顶部；表面； wait(v.)等待；等候；高频考点；enough(adj./adv.)足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）；hungry(adj.)饥饿的； as(adv.)像一样；如同；高频考点hardly(adv.)几乎不；几乎没有； ever(adv.) 在任何时候；从来；曾经；once(adv.)一次；曾经； full(adj.)忙的；满的；充满的；高频考点maybe(adv.)大概；或许；可能； least(adv.)最小；最少；adj./pron.最小的；最少的；health(n.)健康；人的身体或者（精神）状态；throu

3、gh(prep.)以；凭借；穿过； die(v.)消失；灭亡；死亡；高频考点；than(prep./conj.)（用以引出比较的第二部分）比；高频考点almost(pron.)没有一个；毫无； wet(adj.)湿的；下雨的；二、重点短语quite a few相当多；不少； of course当然；自然；feel like 给的感觉；感受到； because of因为；the Palace Museum故宫博物院； hardly ever几乎从不；swing dance摇摆舞; at least至少；不少于；起码；junk food垃圾食品； such as例如；像这样；more than多于

4、； less than少于 三、情景交际【谈论做某事的频率】-What do you usually do on weekend?-I always exercise.来源:Z+xx+k.Com-What does she do on weekends？-She sometimes goes shopping.-How often do you go to the movies?-I go to the movies maybe once a month.四、 语法详单 【频度副词】频度副词1. 概念频度副词是用来表示动作发生频率的词，常用来表示不确定时间，主要包括always, usuall

5、y, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never等，如果表示具体频度次数，可采用次数加单位时间。例如：once a week 一周一次twice a month 每月两次2. 常用频度副词的区别(1) always 意为“总是，永远”，表示频度最高。(2) usually意为“通常”，即很少有例外，多用于一般现在时。(3) often意为“经常”，在频度上不如usually那么频繁。(4) sometimes意为“有时，偶尔”。(5) hardly ever 意为“几乎不，很少”，表示否定意义。(6) never 意为“从来没有，绝不”，表示否定意义。以上几个频

6、度副词所表示的频度，从高到低为：alwaysuauallyoftensometimeshardly evernever3. 频度副词在句子中的位置在句子中，频度副词常放在实意动词前面，be动词、情态动词和助动词后面。例如：He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。4. 对句子中频度副词进行提问，用“how often”。例如：He sometimes watches TV.(对划线部分提问)How often does he watch TV?【题源】【改编】 -Mr. Wang _ gets up early. So he is _ late for work.A. al

7、ways; always B. never; never C. always; often D. always; never【答案】 D考点：考查副词辨析。【题源】【2016山东东营】Shanghai Disney Park will be opened on June 16. But the tickets for the first day have _ sold out. A. ever B. just C. never D. already【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：上海迪斯尼将于六月十六日开园，但是第一天的票已经卖光了。A. ever曾经；B. just刚好，恰好；C. nev

8、er从不，绝不；D. already早已，已经。还未开园，票已经卖完。已经：already。故选D。考点： 考查副词辨析。【复合不定代词】复合不定代词的用法特点：复合不定代词包括：something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。例如：【题源】【2016湖北黄石】 The twins look exactly the same. _ of them are in m

9、y class.AEachBBothCEitherDNone【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：双胞胎看上去恰好一样。他们都在我们班。AEach每一，每个，指两者及两者以上的人或物中的每一个，作主语，谓语用三人称单数；BBoth两者都，作主语，谓语用复数；CEither两者之一，作主语，谓语用三人称单数；DNone指三者及三者以上的人或物都不。本句指“双胞胎”，指两者，谓语are是复数。故选B。考点：考查不定代词用法辨析。【考点定位】 考查不定代词辨析。【题源】【2016山东德州】Where would you like to go for your summer holiday, Beijin

10、g or Shanghai? . I will go to Sanya in Hainan.A. Both B. Each C. Neither D.Either来源:学.科.网【答案】C来源:学*科*网考点：考查不定代词。温馨提示：something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。【题源】【2016山东青岛】来源:Zxxk.ComLadies and gentlemen, attention please! I have _ important to tell yo

11、u. A. nothingB. somethingC. everythingD. anything【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：女士们，先生们，请注意！我要告诉你们一些重要的事情。something某事，某物，常用于肯定句中，也可用于表示请求的疑问句中；anything 任何事，任何物，可用在否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中；everything 每件事，一切事； nothing=not anything；而 not everything 并非不是所有的东西事情。这些复合不定代词都作单数看待，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。形容词修饰复合不定代词要放在被修饰词之后。所以选B。【考点定位】考查不定

12、代词辨析。学科网具体使用时应注意以下几点：1. 复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面：There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。【题源】【2016贵州黔南州中考】Ive been so bored for a long time. I hope to have _ to do. A. exciting anything B. nothing exciting C. something interesting D. good something【答案】C【考点定位】考查不定代词2. 指人的复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，

13、相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their：Everyone knows this, doesnt he/ they? 人人都知道这一点，不是吗?3. 指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，相应的人称代词也只能用 it，而不用 they：Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都准备好了，是吗?4. 不定代词anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接 of 短语，可用 any one, every one

14、 (分开写)：any one of the boys (books) 孩子们当中的任何一个。every one of the students每一个学生。【题源】【2016河南中考】 - What a bad day! - Everyone has one of those days When goes right. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：多么糟糕的一天！每个人都有这么一天，没什么好事。nothing没什么； anything任何事； everything一切； something某事

15、；根据What a bad day!可知不好的一天，因此是没什么好事，故用代词nothing，故选A。考点：考查不定代词的用法。【考点定位】考查不定代词。【题源】 【2016江苏连云港】 Dont worry. There is _ wrong with the TV set. Its only because of power cut. A. somethingB. nothingC. anythingD. everything【答案】B考点：考查不定代词的用法。感叹句的用法感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what和how引导，what和how与所修饰的词置于句首

16、，其它部分用陈述句语序。 来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K一、 由what引导的感叹句：what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是： what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is). 如： What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers th

17、ey are! 多么漂亮的花呀！ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！ 二、由how引导的感叹句：how意为多么，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is). 如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ How happy they l

18、ook! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！ 来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！ 三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用what引导，也可用how引导。如： What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！ What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ What bad weather it is! How bad the weathe

19、r is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！【题源】 【改编】 _ useful book about playing _ chess! I shall get one for my son.A. How a; the B. What a; / C. How; / D. What an; the【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：多么有用的一本关于下象棋的书啊！我要给我儿子买一本。考查感叹句和冠词的使用，感叹句的的结构有两种： What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! / What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语! 以此判断是What

20、构成的感叹句。useful的第一个因素是 j , 是辅音，所以要用a. 下象棋 paly chess 不加任何冠词。故选B.考点：考查感叹句和不定冠词的用法。【题源】 【改编】来源:学科网- fun the Water Festival is!-Yeah. And delicious the food is!A. How, what B. What, howC. How, how D. What, what【答案】B考点：考查感叹句。【一般过去时中动词不规则变化】 am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave, get- got

21、, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, buy-bought swim-swam, sit-sat bring-brought can-could cut-cut become-became begin-began draw-drew feel-felt find-

22、found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew learn-learnt （learned） leave-left let-let lose-lost meet-met read-read sleep-slept speak-spoke take-took teach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke think-though【题源】【2016江苏无锡中考】My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _ half of it.A. miss

23、edB. was missingC. will missD. would miss【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：本题翻译为：我的心思不在他刚才所说的内容上，所以我担心我刚才错过了一半的内容。A. missed一般过去时；B. was missing过去进行时C. will miss一般将来时；D. would miss过去将来时。根据句意，可知表示过去错过了一半的内容，所以用一般过去时，故选A。考点：考查动词的时态的用法。学科网【题源】【2016四川绵阳中考】 Dont you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right?Sorry, I _. But

24、now I know parking here is not right.A. dontB. didntC. hadntD. doesnt【答案】B考点：考查动词的时态辨析。五、实战演练【基础测查】【题源】天津市西城区2015-2016学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题根据短文内容从方框中选词，并用其正确形式填空。（共12分，每小题2分)easy hard hear but miss pay story onRavi loved to talk to his grandma，who lived in India. Grandma had grown up in a small village c

25、alled Tambaram and had lived there her whole life. Sometimes Ravi got to visit her with his mom and dad and his sisters. Grandma would make him tea and tell him 1 about her childhood.When Ravi was younger，Grandma would often come to visit him in Texas. But now it was much 2 for her to travel，So She

26、stayed at home. He 3 her visits. Smetimes she would call 4 the phone. Grandma always called late at night. Dad explained to Ravi that when it was nighttime in Texas, it was daytime in India. Ravi loved 5 her voice. He would always ask Grandma if she would make him a cup of tea. She would always laug

27、h and gay，“Ravi sweetheart, I can send you my voice, 6 not my tea.【答案】storieshardermissedonhearing/to hearbut2.B句意：但是，现在对于她来说更难了。根据语境可知用比较级，根据句意及所给故填harder。3.句意：他想念他的拜访。根据句意及所给单词，故填missed。4.句意：有时，她会打电话。短语call on表示打电话的意思。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填on。5.句意：Ravi喜欢听到他的嗓音。短语love doin/to do表示喜欢做某事。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填hearin

28、g/to hear。6.句意：我能给你我的声音，但是不能送给你我的茶。根据句意，可知表示转折关系，故填but。考点：考查故事类的短文阅读词汇运用（本题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）(A)根据所给单词，在空白处填入其正确形式，每词限用一次。twenty hideadvicesciencefar46. Last night the thief behind the door first.47. Could you give me some _ about learning English?【来源：21世纪教48. Of all the bookshops, the one is two mil

29、es away.49. often do a lot of research to help pandas.50. Lucy is very happy today because it is her birthday.【答案】46.hid 47.advice 48.farthest 49.Scientists50.twentieth 考点：考查单词拼写【能力提升】 完型填空Things Are Not Always Black or WhiteWhen I was in primary school, I got into an argument（争论）with a boy in my cl

30、ass. I forgot 1 the argument was about, but I never forgot the 2 I learned that day. I thought that I was right and he was wrong but he thought that I was wrong and he was right. The teacher decided to 3 us an important lesson. She brought us up to the front of the class and placed the boy on one si

31、de of her desk and me on the 4 . In the middle ofher desk was a large, round object（物体）. I could clearly see that it was 5 . She asked the boy what color the object was. White. he answered. I couldnt 6 he said the object was white, when it was obviously（明显）black! Another argument started 7 my classm

32、ate and me it was about the color ofthe object. The teacher told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to stand where I had been. We 8 places, and now she asked me what color the object was. I had to answer, “White. The two sides of the object were in different colors. From his view it

33、 was white, while from mine it was black. My teacher taught me an important lesson that day: You 9 stand in other peoples shoes and look at the 10 through their eyes in order to truly understand their perspectives（想法）. A. whichB, whyC. whatD. whom A. songB. lessonC. storyD. news A. teachB. suggestC.

34、 learnD. describe A. another B. otherC. secondD. eachA. whiteB. blueC. blackD. yellow A. decide B. answerC. see D. believeA. between B. acrossC. withoutD. over A. agreed B. leftC. choseD. changedA. may B. mustC. canD. willA. object B. colorC. informationD. situation【答案】C来源:Zxxk.ComBABCDADBD考查名词及语境的理

35、解。A. song歌；B. lesson课程，教训；C. story故事；D. news新闻。我忘记了为什么而争吵，但是我不会忘记那天所学到的教训。根据句意，故选B。考查动词及语境的理解。A. teach教；B. suggest暗示建议；C. learn学；D. describe描述。老师决定给我们上一堂重要课。根据句意故选A考查代词及语境的理解。A. another另一个；B. other其他的；C. second第二；D. each每一个。根据句意，老师将我放在了讲台的另一边，而讲台只有两边，故为the other。故选B。考查名词及语境的理解。A. white白色的；B. blue蓝色的

36、；C. black黑色的；D. yellow黄色的。根据后文可知作者能清楚的看到是黑色，故选C。考查动词及语境的理解。A. decide决定；B. answer回答；C. see 看到；D. believe相信。我不相信他说的物体是白色，明明是黑色。根据句意，故选D。考查介词及语境的理解。A. between在之间；B. across横穿；C. without没有；D. over超过，越过。另一种争吵在我和我的同班同学之间开始了。betweenand .在和之间。根据句意，故选A。考查动词及语境的理解。A. agreed同意；B. left离开；C. chose选择；D. changed改变。

37、根据上文老师让我站在男孩的一边，男孩站在我这一边，可知他们交换了位置，故选D。考点：情感故事类短文。阅读理解A Mr. Smith is an old man. He is very kind, so many people like him. He likes traveling. But he has a problem, he cant see clearly.One day he came to New York to visit his best friend. But his friend wasnt at home. So he had to find a hotel to li

38、ve in.In the afternoon he went to buy two bottles of wine. When he came back to his room, he found a fly (苍蝇) was on the wall. But he thought it was a snail, so he put bottles on it. Of course, it came down to the floor and they broke. He had to buy another two bottles.来源:学科网ZXXKThe waiter in the ho

39、tel knew this, then she put a snail into the wall.When he came back, he looked up at the wall and found the fly was there again. So he walked carefully and hit it hard. At once he cried loudly.People like Mr. Smith because .A. he is very old. B. he is very kindC. he has two bottles of wines D. he li

40、ke travelingMr. Smith stayed in when he came to New York.A. his friends home B. his parents home C. a restaurant D. a hotelWhat does “snail” mean in Chinese?A.锤子 B.钉子 C.衣 D. 壁柜In fact, the second time Mr. Smith saw on the wall.A. a fly B. a snail C. a bottle of wine D. a pictureHow many bottles of w

41、ine did Mr. Smith buy?A. one B. two C. three D. Four【答案】BDBBDD细节理解题。根据文中One day he came to New York to visit his best friend. But his friend wasnt at home. So he had to find a hotel to live in.可知他的朋友不在，所以他呆在旅馆里面。故选D。B词义猜测题。根据句意他发现苍蝇在墙上，但是他认为是钉子。故选BB细节理解题。根据文中So he walked carefully and hit it hard. A

42、t once he cried loudly.可知第二次实际上他看到的是钉子而不是苍蝇。故选B。D细节理解题。通读整篇文章可知Mr. Smith 一共买了4瓶白酒,故选D.考点：故事类短文阅读。学科网来源:学科网ZXXKB Playgrounds offer kids fresh air, friends, and exercise. However, each year, more than 200,000 kids go to hospital because they are hurt in one way or another when playing on the playground. So what can we do t