2021 年12月英语四级真题(卷二).docx

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1、2021年12月英语四级真题(卷二)淘宝旺旺：飞向将来_20212021年12月大学英语四级考试真题第2套PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonhowtobesthandletherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudents.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADire

2、ctions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglel

3、inethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Ittriestoentertainitsaudience.C)Itwantstocatchpeoplesattention.B)Ittriestolookintothedistance.D)Ithasgotoneofitslimbsinjured.2.A)Itwasspottedbyanimalprotectionofficials.C)Itsvideoswerepostedonsocialmedia.B)Itwasfilmedbyalo

4、caltelevisionreporter.D)Itspicturewonaphotographyprize.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Thedistancetravelled.B)Theincidenceofroadaccidents.C)Thespendingongas.D)Thenumberofpeopletravelling.4.A)Fewerpeoplearecommuting.B)Gasconsumptionissoaring.C)Jobgrowthisslowingdown.D)Rush-h

5、ourtrafficisworsening.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Hetoldastrangerthesadstoryabouthimself.B)Hehelpedastrangertocarrygroceriestohiscar.C)Hewentuptoastrangerandpulledathissleeves.D)Hewashedastrangerscarinreturnforsomefood.6.A)Heorderedalotoffoodforhisfamily.B)Hegavehimajoba

6、thisowncompany.C)Heraisedalargesumofmoneyforhim.D)Heofferedhimascholarshipforcollege.7.A)Heworkshardtosupporthisfamily.C)Heisverygoodatmakingupstories.B)Heisanexcellentstudentatschool.D)Hehasbeendisabledsinceboyhood.SectionBDirections：Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconve

7、rsation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejus

8、theard.8.A)Attendedaneconomicslecture.C)HadadrinkatQueenVictoria.B)TakenawalkonCharlesStreet.D)Haddinneratanewrestaurant.9.A)Treatacollegefriendtodinner.C)Attendhisbrothersbirthdayparty.B)Makepreparationsforaseminar.D)Visitsomeofhishighschoolfriends.10.A)Gatherstatisticsforhislecture.B)Throwasurpris

9、ebirthdayparty.C)MeetwithJonathansfriendsontheweekend.淘宝旺旺：飞向将来_2021D)Joinhiminhisbrothersbirthdaycelebration.11.A)Bycar.B)Bytrain.C)Bytaxi.D)Bybus.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Takingavacationabroad.B)Reviewingforhislastexam.C)Savingenoughmoneyforarainyday.D)Findinga

10、betterwaytoearnmoney.13.A)Preparingforhisfinalexams.C)Workingparttimeasawaiter.B)Negotiatingwithhisbossforaraise.D)Helpingthewomanwithhercourses.14.A)Finishhertermpaper.C)LearnalittlebitofSpanish.B)Saveenoughmoney.D)Askherparentspermission.15.A)Hehasrichsailingexperience.C)HeisalsoeagertogotoSpain.B

11、)HespeaksSpanishfluently.D)Heiseasytogetalongwith.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),D).Then

12、markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Shewenttothesameuniversityashermother.B)SheworkedasanurseintheFirstWorldWar.C)ShewontheNobelPrizetwotimes.D)ShewasalsoaNobelPrizewinner.17.A)Shefoughtbravelyinaseriesofmil

13、itaryoperations.B)ShedevelopedX-rayfacilitiesformilitaryhospitals.C)Shehelpedtosetupseveralmilitaryhospitals.D)Shemadedonationstosavewoundedsoldiers.18.A)Bothdiedofbloodcancer.C)Bothwonmilitarymedals.B)BothfoughtinWorldWarI.D)Bothmarriedtheirassistants.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejusth

14、eard.19.A)TheywerethefirstsettlersinEurope.B)TheyweretheconquerorsofNorway.C)TheydiscoveredIcelandintheninthcentury.D)TheysettledonasmallislandnorthofEngland.20.A)ItwassomefivehundredmileswestofNorway.B)Itwascoveredwithgreenmosttimeoftheyear.C)ItwastheVikingsmostimportantdiscovery.D)Itwasarockymasso

15、flandcoveredwithice.21.A)TheVikingsoceanexplorations.C)TheVikingseverydaylife.B)ThemakingofEuropeannations.D)TheEuropeansArcticdiscoveries.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Workhardforabetterlife.C)Dreamaboutthefuture.B)Makemistakesnowandthen.D)Saveagainstarainyday.23.A)Teachf

16、oreignlanguagesfortherestofhislife.B)Changewhathehasforhispastimaginaryworld.C)Exchangehistwo-storyhouseforabeachcottage.D)Dwellonthedreamshehaddreamedwhenyoung.24.A)Criminallaw.C)Orientalarchitecture.B)Cityplanning.D)Internationalbusiness.25.A)Dreamandmakeplans.C)Becontentwithwhatyouhave.淘宝旺旺：飞向将来_

17、2021B)Takethingseasyinlife.D)Enjoywhateveryouaredoing.PartReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.

18、Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TechnologicalchangesbroughtdramaticnewoptionstoAmericanslivinginthe1990s.Durin

19、gthisdecadenewformsofentertainment,commerce,research,andcommunicationbecamecommonplaceintheU.S.Thedrivingforcebehindmuchofthischangewasa(n)26popularlyknownastheInternet.TheInternetwasdevelopedduringthe1970sbytheDepartmentofDefense.Inthecaseofanattack,militaryadviserssuggestedthe27ofbeingabletooperat

20、eonecomputerfromanotherterminal.Intheearlydays,theInternetwasusedmainlybyscientiststocommunicatewithotherscientists.TheInternet28undergovernmentcontroluntil1984.OneearlyproblemfacedbyInternetuserswasspeed.Phonelinescouldonlytransmitinformationata29rate.Thedevelopmentoffiber-optic(光纤)cablesallowedfor

21、billionsofbitsofinformationtobereceivedeveryminute.CompanieslikeInteldevelopedfastermicroprocessors,sopersonalcomputerscouldprocessthe30signalsatamorerapidrate.Intheearly1990s,theWorldWideWebwasdeveloped,inlargepart,for31purposes.Corporationscreatedhomepageswheretheycouldplacetextandgraphicstosellpr

22、oducts.Soonairlinetickets,hotel32,andevencarsandhomescouldbepurchasedonline.Universities33researchdataontheInternet,sostudentscouldfind34informationwithoutleavingtheirdormitories.Companiessoondiscoveredthatworkcouldbedoneathomeand35online,soawholenewclassoftelecommutersbegantoearnalivingfromhomeoffi

23、cesunshavenandwearingpajamas(睡衣).SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.

24、AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheHealthBenefitsofKnittingA)About15yearsago,Iwasinvitedtojoinaknittinggroup.Iagreedtogiveitatry.B)Mymotherhadtaughtmetoknitat15,andIknittedinclassthroughoutcollegeandforafewyearsthereafter.Thendecadespassedwithoutmytouchingaknittingnee

25、dle.ButwithintwoMondaysinthegroup,Iwashooked,notonlyonknittingbutalsooncrocheting(钩织)，andIwasonmywaytobecomingahighlyproductivecrafter.C)Ivemadecountlessbabyblankets,sweaters,scarves,hats,capsfornewborns.Itakeaknittingprojectwithmeeverywhere,especiallywhenIhavetositstillandlisten.AsIdiscoveredincoll

26、ege,whenmyhandsarebusy,mymindstaysfocusedonthehereandnow.D)Itseems,too,thatImpartofanationalrenewalofinterestinneedleandotherhandicrafts(手工艺).TheCraftYarnCouncilreportsthatathirdofwomenages25-35nowknitorcrochet.Evenmenandschoolchildrenareswellingtheranks,amongthemmyfriendsthreesmallgrandsons.LastApr

27、il,thecouncilcreateda“StitchAwayStresscampaigninhonorofNationalStressAwarenessMonth.Dr.HerbertBenson,apioneerinmind/bodymedicineandauthorofTheRelaxationResponse,saysthattherepetitiveactionofneedleworkcaninducearelaxedstatslikethatassociatedwithmeditation(沉思)andyoga.Onceyougetbeyondtheinitiallearning

28、curve,knittingandcrochetingcanlowerheartrateandbloodpressure.E)Butunlikemeditation,craftactivitiesresultintangibleandoftenusefulproductsthatcanenhanceself-esteem.Ikeepphotosofmysingularaccomplishmentsonmycellphonetoboostmyspiritswhenneeded.F)Sincethe1990s,thecouncilhassurveyedhundredsofthousandsofkn

29、ittersandcrocheters,whoroutinelyliststressreliefandcreativefulfillmentastheactivitiesmainbenefits.Amongthemisthefatherofaprematurelyborndaughterwhoreportedthatduringthebabysfiveweeksintheintensivecareunit,“learninghowtoknitinfanthatsgavemeasenseofpurposeduringatimethatIfeltveryhelpless.Itsahobbythat

30、Ivestuckwith,anditcontinuestohelpmecopewithstressatwork,provideasenseoforderinhectic(忙乱的)days,andallowmybraintimetosolveproblems.G)Arecentemailfromtheyarn(纺纱)companyRedHearttitled“HealthBenefitsofCrochetingandKnittingpromptedmetoexplorewhatelsemightbeknownaboutthehealthvalueofactivitieslikeknitting.

31、Myresearchrevealedthattherewardsgowellbeyondreplacingstressandanxietywiththesatisfactionofcreation.H)Forexample,KarenHayes,alifecoachinToronto,conductsknittingtherapyprograms,includingKnittoQuittohelpsmokersgiveupthehabit,andKnittoHealforpeoplecopingwithhealthcrises,likeacancerdiagnosisorseriousilln

32、essofafamilymember.Schoolsandprisonswithcraftprogramsreportthattheyhaveacalmingeffectandenhancesocialskills.Andhavingtofollowinstructionsoncomplexcraftprojectscanimprovechildrensmathskills.ISomepeoplefindthatcraftworkhelpsthemcontroltheirweight.Justasitschallengingtosmokewhileknitting,whenhandsareho

33、ldingneedlesandhooks,thereslesssnackingandmindlesseatingoutofboredom.J)Ivefoundthatmyhandiworkwithyarnhashelpedmyarthritic(患关节炎的)fingersremainmoredexterous(乖巧的)asIage.AwomanencouragedtotryknittingandcrochetingafterdevelopinganautoimmunediseasethatcausedalotofhandpainreportedontheCraftYarnCouncilsite

34、thatherhandsarenowlessstiffandpainful.K)A2020UniversityofBritishColumbiastudyof38womenwithaneatingdisorderwhoweretaughttoknitfoundthatlearningthecraftledtosignificantimprovements.Seventy-fourpercentofthewomensaidtheactivitylessenedtheirfearsandkeptthemfromthinkingabouttheirproblem.L)BetsanCorkhill,a

35、wellnesscoachinBath,England,andauthorofthebookKnitforHealth&Wellness,establishedawebsite,Stitchlinks,toexplorethevalueofwhatshecallstherapeuticknitting.Amongherrespondents,54percentofthosewhowereclinicallydepressedsaidthatknittingmadethemfeelhappyorveryhappy.Inastudyof60self-selectedpeoplewithpersis

36、tentpain,Ms.Corkhillandcolleaguesreportedthatknittingenabledthemtoredirecttheirfocus,reducingtheirawarenessofpain.Shesuggestedthatthebraincanprocessjustsomuchatonce,andthatactivitieslikeknittingandcrochetingmakeitharderforthebraintoregisterpainsignals.Perhapsmostexcitingisresearchthatsuggeststhatcra

37、ftslikeknittingandcrochetingmayhelptokeepoffadeclineinbrainfunctionwithage.Ina2020study,researchersledDr.YonasGedaattheMayoClinicinRochesterinterviewedarandom(随机的)sampleof1,321peopleages70-89,mostofwhomwerecognitively(在认知方面)normal,aboutthecognitiveactivitiestheyengagedinlateinlife.Thestudy,published

38、intheJournalofNeuropsychiatry&ClinicalNeurosciences,foundthatthosewhoengagedincraftslikeknittingandcrochetinghadadiminishedchanceofdevelopingmildcognitivedisorderandmemoryloss.MAlthoughitispossiblethatonlypeoplewhoarecognitivelyhealthywouldpursuesuchactivities,thosewhoreadnewspapersormagazinesorplay

39、edmusicdidnotshowsimilarbenefits.Theresearchersspeculatethatcraftactivitiespromotethedevelopmentofnervepathwaysinthebrainthathelptomaintaincognitivehealth.N)Insupportofthatsuggestion,a2021studybyDeniseC.ParkoftheUniversityofTexasatDallasandcolleaguesdemonstratedthatlearningtoknitordodigitalphotograp

40、hyenhancedmemoryfunctioninolderadults.Thosewhoengagedinactivitiesthatwerenotintellectuallychallengingeitherinasocialgrouporalone,didnotshowsuchimprovements.O)Giventhatsustainedsocialcontactshavebeenshowntosupporthealthandalonglife,thosewishingtomaximizethehealthvalueofcraftsmightconsiderjoiningagrou

41、poflike-mindedfolks.Iforonetrynottomissasingleweeklymeetingofmyknittinggroup.36.Whentheauthorwasacollegestudent,shefoundthatknittinghelpedherconcentrate.37.Knittingcanhelppeoplestayawayfromtobacco.38.Evenmenandchildrenarenowjoiningthearmyofknitters.39.Beingamemberofacraftsgroupenhancesoneshealthandp

42、rolongsoneslife.40.Knittingdivertspeoplesattentionfromtheirpain.41.Theauthorlearnttoknitasateenager,butitwasnotuntilshewasmucholderthatshebecamekeenlyinterested.42.Whenpeopleareknitting,theytendtoeatfewersnacks.43.Surveyfindingsshowthatknittingcanhelppeoplerelievestress.44.Accordingtoastudy,knitters

43、andcrochetersarelesslikelytosuffermildcognitivedamage.45.Theproductsofknittingcanincreaseonessenseofself-respect.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestch

44、oiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.NobodyreallyknowshowbigLagosis.WhatsindisputableisthatitsgrowingveryquicBetweennowand2050,theurbanpopulationofAfricacouldtriple.Yetcitiesinsub-SaharanAfricanotgetting

45、richerthewaycitiesintherestoftheworldhave.MosturbanAfricansliveinslums(贫民窟);migrantsareoftennotmuchbetteroffthantheywereinthecountryside.Why?Theimmediateproblemispoverty.MostofAfricaisurbanizingatalowerlevelofincomethanotherregionsoftheworlddid.Thatmeansthereslittlemoneyaroundforinvestmentthatwouldm

46、akecitiesliveableandmoreproductive.Withoutupgradesandnewcapacity,bridges,roadsandpowersystemsareunabletocopewithexpandingpopulations.WiththeexceptionofSouthAfrica,theonlylightrailmetrosysteminsub-SaharanAfricaisinAddisAbaba,Ethiopia.Trafficjamleadstoexpenseandunpredictability,thingsthatkeepinvestors

47、away.Inotherpartsoftheworld,increasingagriculturalproductivityandindustrializationwenttogether.Moreproductivefarmersmeanttherewasasurplusthatcouldfeedcities;inturn,thatcreatedapooloflabourforfactories.ButAfricancitiesaredifferent.Theyaretoooftenbuiltaroundconsumingnaturalresources.Governmentisconcen

48、tratedincapitals,soisthemoney.MosturbanAfricansworkforasmallminorityoftherich,whotendtobeinvolvedineithercronyish(有裙带关系的)businessesorpolitics.SinceAfricanagricultureisstillbroadlyunproductive,foodisimported,consumingaportionofrevenue.Sowhatcanbedone?ThoughAfricancountriesarepoor,notallAfricancitiesare.InLagos,foreignoilworkerscanpayasmuchas$65,000peryearinrentforamodestapartmentinasafepartoftown.Ifthatincomewerebettertaxed,itmightprovidetherevenueforbetterinfrastructure.Ifcityleadersweremoreaccountabletotheirresidents,theymightfavourprojectsdesignedtohelpthemmore.Yetevenasnewroadsa