被动语态[1].ppt

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1、They must be sent to the hospital by li Ming right now.(李明李明)必须立刻把必须立刻把他们他们送到医院送到医院他们他们必须立刻必须立刻被被(李明李明)送到医院送到医院 Li Ming must send them to the hospital right now.主动语态主动语态:被动语态被动语态:被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助

2、动词。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成过去分词构成，时态通过，时态通过be表现出表现出来。来。His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.改为被动语态Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.He has to look after the little baby.主谓宾(受动者)The little babyhas to

3、be looked after by him.各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：一般现在时：You are invited to do this.2）一般过去时：一般过去时：The story was told by her.3）一般将来时：一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.4）现在进行时：）现在进行时：The question is being discussed in the meeting room.5）过去进行时：）过去进行时：The new road was being made.6）现在完成时：）现

4、在完成时：The novel has been read. 7)情态动词：情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +过去分词过去分词2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them

5、) last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词过去分词3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+ will+be+过去分词过去分词5.Some workers are pai

6、nting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分词7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at

7、8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词过去分词各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：情态动词：情态动词：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去进行时：S+am/is /are +P.PS+was/were +P.P.S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.S+ will+be+ P.P.S+ am/is/are + being + P.P.S+ have/has + been+ P.P.S+ was/w

8、ere+being+ P.P.归纳总结方法 把主动语态改为被动语态可按把主动语态改为被动语态可按“ 、 、 ”来进来进行。即：行。即： 变变把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。的宾语。套套根据原句的时态套用相应时态。根据原句的时态套用相应时态。注意注意注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例：例：Many people speak English. English by many people. He washed his shoes yeste

9、rday. His shoes by him yesterday.is spokenwere washed一变一变 二套二套三注意三注意 何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。 三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说

10、”、“据悉据悉”、“有有人说人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如：例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的。五、某些句子习惯

11、上用被动语态。例如：五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told