英语字母及字母组合发音规律.docx

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1、英语字母及字母组合发音规律英语字母及字母组合发音规律一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力-口腔后部发声法背诵念读26个英文字母，感觉学习标准发音，直到感觉音准，流利，升降调式自若为止。印刷体：大写ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ小写abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz?u先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：(1)ei_(2)i:_(3)ai_(4)Eu_(5)u:_(6)e_(7)?_二、上一页下一页三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读。/与我们汉语拼音很类似)拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分

2、音节、按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻/闭音节读短音。例子：he?,nameneim,tableteibl,bicyclebaisikl,teacherti:tFE,red,cap,and,thank,basket,yellow,umbrella,五、音节划分。小测试：音标拼读练习。?+?au+EauEh+iEhiEp+ZEpZEt+CitCiei+tFeitFtF+eitFeig+EugEuk+aukausn+EusnEupr+aupraupl+eipleigr+i:gri:gl+u:glu:kl+B:klB:kl+B:+sklB:st+

3、u:+Wtu:Wbr+au+nbraunr+Q+b+ErQbEb+B:+s+k+i+tbB:skitt+i:+tF+Eti:tFEQ+m+br+e+l+EQmbrelEbai+si+klbaisiklbrQ+TEbrQTE四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则或一般规律：1.为什么要把握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只要一个，让我们能够做到-见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要反过来，学会语音认字类似我们的拼音认字，通太多加练习，逐步到达听音写字、音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合，练习英语汉语意义对应翻译。例1：假设你知道字母组合ee一般发音是i:(规律),那么，meet

4、这个单词就脱口而出了。meet/认识；知足迎合；迎接/出迎。 ?例2：which _-_-_例3：whose _-_-_例4：please, _-_-_2.英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：要求熟记于心，脱口而出3.总口诀：元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连，元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。上一页下一页?辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。b发?,c发,ci(y)ce多发?;例词：blue,table,Crisp,class,picture,ac

5、tor,pencil,bicycle,nice,d发d,ff,g发?,?少见;Sandy,dog,red,fly,coffee,green,egg,orange,garageh?,j发?,k/l可分连;her,here,his,jeep,Japan,book,look,blue,Klanclassm?,n?,p?qr发?;meet,am,no,green,thank,English,pen,cap,quickly,Crisp,s最多?和,趋唇?也常见;sir,this,sit,is,his,whose,please,sure?,usually?,pleasurex发音剪头端，ks多于gz面；s

6、ix,pencil-box,excuse,exercise;exam,(后接重读元音)t发?,v发,w辅音?来念；teacher,it,very,voice,river,with,swim,wash,which,white最后一个字母z，发好音才算完。zoo,zero,size,puzzle,辅音字母一见发音表：常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀：字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。wh发音?和?,th常发和?；ch/tch多发?,有时发音?或；sh?,phf,gh不发或发?(词尾)；gedge多发?,ck发,kn?;上一页下一页ng易发?,qu发音?和。wr发卷趋?,双写分节不分音。动词或复数词尾s/e

7、s,多发?/和?;ts?ds?例词：wh发音h和w,wh-which,white,what,where,when,whywhose,who,whole*whewhw-th常发W和T；th-this,that,the,they,withthank,three,tooth,forth,eleventhch/tch多发tF,有时发音F或k；(t)ch-chicken,chair,child,sandwich,catch,watchchase(追赶，追击，追求),ache,headache,chemistmachine?,chaiseFeiz(带篷二轮马车)shF,phf,gh不发或发f(词尾)；sh

8、-shoe,ship,sheep,fish,wash,ashph-photo,telephone,phrasegh-right,light,daughterlaugh,coughgedge多发dV,ck发k,knn;(d)ge-orange,page,bridge,fridge,porridge(麦片粥，稀饭)ck-black,kick,lock,backkn-knife,know,knock,knee(膝盖),kneel(跪下),knit(编织),knob(球形把手,旋钮),knack(窍门),knight(骑士,武士;*（金山游侠），金山公司出品的游戏修改软件),ng易发?,qu发音?和。

9、ng-sing,song,long,wingEnglish,hungryqu-quick,quite(相当，特别),quiet(平静的，安静冷静僻静的),quarter,require,cheque(支票),unique(唯一，独有独特的),technique(技巧),wr发卷趋?,wr-wrong,write,wrap(包，裹),wrist(手腕),wrest(拧，扭),wrestle(摔跤),wring(绞，扭)双写分节不分音：miss,apple,egg,sorry,yellow,umbrella双写元音字母：see,zoo,bookts/tes-itstail(它的尾巴),twobas

10、kets/boats(两个篮子/小船),mycoats/shirts(我的上衣/衬衫),threehats(三顶帽子),fivecats(五只猫),manystreets(很多街道),twopackets(两个包裹/两包.),somepresents/sweets(一些礼物/糖果),twobiscuits(两块饼干),aboxofchocolates(一包巧克力糖),tenminutes(特别钟),twogates(两扇大门),inmypockets(在我的口袋里),twolights/kites(两个灯/风筝),twonests(两个鸟巢/窝),twotea-pots(两个茶壶),somec

11、arrots(一些胡萝卜),Whatsthis?Itsapen.sits,上一页下一页ds/des-twobirds,twohands,Englishwords,theirbeds,theirheads,twoblackboards,goods(商品/货物),辅音连缀：pr-practice,praise,pray,press,price,proud,pl-please,play,plane,plan,place,plain,plenty(丰富,大量),pliers(钳子(如老虎钳,手钳,扁嘴钳等),镊子),plod(沉重地走,辛勤工作),plop(扑通落下),plum(李子),plug(插头

12、,插上),br-brag(吹牛),brake(闸，刹车),brain,break,bread,breed(使)繁衍,教养,抚养),brown,bride(新娘),bribe(贿赂,向行贿),brushbl-black,bleed,blind,blouse,blood,blue,cr-/kr-crab(螃蟹),cradle(摇篮),cream,crop,cricket(昆蟋蟀,运动板球)criticize(批评,责备),cry,cruel(残忍的),kraut(泡菜),Kremlin(克里姆林宫),cl-/kl-class,claim(根据权利)要求得到,认领,声称,主张,需要)clean,cl

13、ear,clock,close,click(发出滴答声,单击n.滴答声),club(俱乐部,夜总会,),klaxon(高音喇叭/气笛,电喇叭),Klan(=KuKluxKlan)三K党)gr-grade,grass,grape,graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green,great,grief(悲哀,悲伤事,不幸,忧伤),grin(露齿笑,裂口笑),groan(呻吟(着讲),gruffly(讲话或态度粗暴地,粗声地,生硬地)gl-glass,glad,gleam(发微光,使闪烁),glide(滑行,滑翔),globe(地球仪),glove(手套),glue(胶水/胶合)fr-France

14、,French,free,fresh(新鲜的,无经历的),frequent(频繁的),friend(朋友),fried,fry,frog(青蛙),from(自，从)，front(前面,前线,阵线),fruit(水果,果实,果类,成果),frustrated(感到灰心/失败的)fl-flat,flag,flame(火焰,热情),flap(拍打,鼓翼而飞,飘动),flares(喇叭裤),flash(闪光,闪现,一霎时),flea(跳蚤),flee(逃跑,逃走),fleer(狞笑,嘲笑),flesh(肉,果肉),flinch(畏缩,退缩,畏首畏尾),floor(地板，楼层),float(漂浮,浮舟,

15、彩车),flood(洪水,水灾,淹没,涌进,涌出)flour(面粉),flow(流动,(河水)泛滥,弥漫),flower(花),flu(流感),fly(翱翔，飞行)，flub(做得不好,弄糟),fluent(流利的,流畅的),sl-slave(奴隶),slander(诽谤),slaughter(屠宰,残杀,屠杀),sleep(睡眠,睡觉),sleet(下/雨加雪,下冰雹),上一页下一页sleeve(袖子),slice(薄片,切片),slim(苗条的,纤细的),slip(滑倒,失足),slogan(口号,标语),slow(ly)(慢的/地),sly/slilyslaili(狡猾的/地),sm-s

16、mall(小的,少的),smart(聪明的,漂亮的,乖巧地,时髦地),smarty(=wiseguy自作聪明的人),smell(气味,臭味,/嗅,闻到,散发(.的)气味,有(.的)气味),smile(at)微笑),smog(烟雾),smoke(n.烟,烟尘,烟幕/v.吸烟,吸烟vi.冒烟),smuggle(n.走私,偷带v.走私),sn-snow,snake,snack(吃)快餐/小吃),snail(蜗牛),snap(猛咬),sneer(冷笑,轻蔑的笑),sneeze(打/喷嚏),snob/snobling(势利的年轻人,势利小人),sk-skate,skating,skirt,ski(=sk

17、ee滑雪),skim(擦过,滑过,阅读),skin(皮肤,兽皮,皮毛),skint(身无分文的,穷光蛋的),skip(跳,蹦,跳读),sky-blue(天蓝色的,淡蓝色,蔚蓝色)sp-space(空间,间隔,距离,空地,余地),spade(铲,铁锹),Spain(西班牙),spare(多余的,剩下的/分让给),spell,speak(讲话,谈话,发言,演讲,讲明事实,表示意见,操(某种语言),spear(spiE矛,枪),specific(spisifik特效药,具体而准确的,明确的),spice(香料,调味品,情趣),spider(蜘蛛),sport(运动,运动会),spumespju:m(

18、n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫),spumous(adj.起泡沫的,泡沫状的),spurspE:(n.踢马剌,剌激物v.鞭策),sputterspQtE(n.vi.vt.讲话急快/唾沫飞溅/飞溅出/喷溅声),sputumspju:tEm(唾液,痰),spy(特工,间谍,侦探,/机密侦察),st-stand,stamp(邮票,跺(脚),顿(足),stage(舞台,戏剧,举行),star(星,恒星,明星,名角),start(动身,开场,着手惊扰,惊起,起动,发动),staff(棒,杖,杆,支柱,全体职员),stadium(露天运动场/体育场),step,steep(陡峭的),stick(棍,棒,手杖/粘

19、住,粘贴),stop,student,stupid(愚笨的,麻木的),stupidity(蠢事,糊涂事),stutter(口吃,结结巴巴的讲),style(风格,时髦,文体),sw-swab(swCbn.拖把,药签,vt.拭抹,擦洗),swag(摇摆,水潭,垂花饰),swear(宣誓,发誓),sweat(n/v.(使)出汗),sweater(厚运动衫,毛线衫),sweep(扫,清扫,清扫,席卷,冲光),sweepup(n.大扫除),sweet(甜的,可受的,美妙的,芳香的/n.糖果),swim(swam,swum),swing(swang,swung,秋千,摇摆,摆动),swicky(美威士忌

20、酒),swig(n/v.痛饮,大喝特喝(尤指从瓶口喝的),swiftly(迅速地,敏捷地),swindle(sbof骗走某人的),swob(拖把,海棉),swobble(大口地吃),swoon(vi.昏晕,昏厥惊讶,酣睡n.狂喜,沉醉),swoop(n.忽然下降,猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑,忽然袭击),sword(剑),swot(at./for./up;vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人,辛苦的工作),上一页下一页dw-dwarf(dwC:fn.矮子,侏儒v.(使)变矮小),dwell(at./in.寓居停留于;on./upon.细想,详述),tw-twelve,twelfth,twenty

21、,twentieth,twain(tweinn.两,双,二,一对),twin(s),twig(twign.嫩枝,小枝,末梢),twice(twaisadv.两次,两倍),twiddle(withv.玩弄,旋弄,捻),twill(twiln.斜纹织物vt.把.织成斜纹adj.斜纹织物的),twine(twainn.合股线,细绳,麻线,搓v.搓,织,编饰,(使)缠绕),twinge(twindVn.一阵一阵痛,如刺一样痛,剧痛vt.使一阵一阵痛,刺痛),twinkle(5twiNklv.闪烁,闪耀,(使)闪光n.闪烁,发光,牛眼),twist(twistn.一扭,扭曲,手法,螺旋状vt.拧,扭曲,

22、绞,搓,捻,使苦恼,使转动,vi.扭弯,扭曲,缠绕,扭动,呈螺旋形),two,thr-three,thread(线，细丝,线索,思路,螺纹),threaten(恫吓,威胁),threnode(哀歌),thrive(兴隆,繁荣,茁壮成长,旺盛),throw(扔，抛，投，摔，掷，丢),through(通过，穿过，透过/时间从的开场到末了，从头到尾；场所四处，全面),throat(咽喉,喉咙,嗓音,窄路),throne(王座,君主),throstle(=woodthrush画眉鸟),thruput(吞吐量),thrust(力推,冲,插入,挤进,刺,戳),thrypsis(5Wripsis粉碎性骨折)

23、,u提早练一练，看看有何难。小测试：1).见字读音:写出下列单词的音标。classthisyouryouhereSandyCrisp2).音义结合：写出下列读音所对应的汉语意义。?_;?_;?_;?_;?_;3).听音写字：根据音标写单词。?_class_;?_;?_;?_;?_;?_?_?_?_?_?_4).形义结合：英汉互译即，写出对应的英语或汉语意思。her-_;thank-_;定冠词/这个或那个-_;书-_;rubber-_;小姐-_;帽子-_;Sitdownplease._;Thankyou._;Hereyouare._;Yes,itis._;Comehere,please._;字母

24、L的两种读音口诀：音节开始发清音?,音节末尾模糊音,l-lazy,like,look,long,lubber(?adj.粗笨的,笨拙的n.傻大个),black,please,clock,color,toilet,holiday,English,Italian,nationality,lollipop,-lgirl?,ballC:l,small,schoolu:l,wellel,smell,level(E)l,smileail,hillil,oldEul,cold,childail,childrenil,fullul,beautifulul,applepl,上一页下一页people,pupil,

25、tablebl,impossible,label(贴)标签),littletl,bottle,title,middledl,cradle(摇篮),bicyclekl,eaglegl,pencilsl,puzzle-zl,dazzle5dAzl(眩目，晃眼，耀眼),常见音节尾音总结：?元音字母aei(y)ou的发音口诀：元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。重开音节多长音，?来拼；重闭音节/轻音短，?a接r/ss常发?,还有?。e的发音首数?，空尾/重?轻?。重开音节i发?，重闭/轻音短?。o发长音?，短音?one殊。u字多发?和?，繁忙busy(i)加?。y头发重读?，轻音/结尾?变来。ay,ey,

26、o/uy，多发?,?。r前元音常卷舌，S后弱音须强化。相近发音不规则，省力顺口是关键。相近/强化加弱化，使得元音多变化。例词：a-?强化音?，弱化音?a接r/ss常发?,还有?。name?,table?,car?,park?,class?,basket?,as?,ass?,father?,afterward(s)?(然后,后来),dollar?,cap?,catch?,grammar?,America?,asleep,alone,afraid,banana?,woman?,water?,watch,what,war?,orange?,e-?-*(词尾空音)/强化音?，弱化音?e的发音首数?，空

27、尾/重?轻?。he?,shei:,wei:,me?,evening?,rede,pencile,emptye,deske,umbrella?,French?,basketi,womeni,prettyi,the?,children?,open?,hundred?,/-*(词尾空音)/-whosez,houses,nices,faces,whitet,namem,givev,sided,wakek,prizez,finen,tubeb,orangedV,employeei:(职工,雇员,店员),applepl,tablebl,littletl,middledl,bicyclekl,eaglegl

28、(鹰),上一页下一页i-?强化音?，弱化音?重开音节发?，重闭/轻音短?。right?,bicycleai,whiteai,policei:,thisi,whichi,hisi,buildingi,beautifulE,holidayE,o-?强化音?，弱化音?，o发长音?，短音?one殊。no?,cold?,those?,come?,some?,mother?,brother?,son?,month?,dog,not,hotC,sorryC,shopC,lockerC,boxC,orange?,whoseu:,whou:,dou:,tou:,twou:,woman,policeman?,to

29、day?,occasion?(场合,机会,时机),aeroplane?,/one?,once?,reservoir?,y-?强化音?，弱化音?y头发重读?，轻音/结尾?变来。your,youj,yesj,yellowj,youngj,my?,whyai,tyreai,styleai,fryai,cryai,bicyclei,babyi,readyi,hungryi,veryi,thirstyi,emptyi,busyi,bodyi,slowlyi,?常见元音字母组合发音口诀：字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变；千锤百炼习语感。组合爱发长/双元(音(重读音节)；常受影响发音变；为了顺口图方便，近似发

30、音相变换。另有强化加弱化，多个字母省略念。外来/古语不规则(发音)，熟读百遍字腔圆。-ay?day,say,play,way,weekday,birthday,/iSunday,Monday,ar?car,star,farm,are,park,garlic,/?dollar,collar,grammar,particular?,al?all,ball,small,hall,walk,chalk,/?half,?非组合式的情况：although?,alga?(藻类,海藻),algal?(adj.海藻的),algebra?(代数学),signal?(信号/发信号,用信号通知),au?daughte

31、r,fault,audience,cause,August?(八月),august?(令人敬畏的,威严的),because,?kraut(泡菜),?laugh,air?air,chair,hair,pair,fair,ai?aid,aim,rain,afraid,wait,maid,straight,faith(信念,宗教信仰,忠实,),aw?draw,law,saw,awful,raw,e-eai:teacher,tea,eat,meat,read,clean,heal,ebread,breakfast,head,eigreat,break,steak,eei:meet,teeth,see,

32、three,green,week,freezing,queen,上一页下一页eieieight,weigh,weight,i:receive,ceiling,deceit(n.欺骗,谎话),deceive(v.欺骗,谎话),receipt(收条,收据,收到),perceive(v.发觉感悟,感到),conceit(原义;自负,幻想),erE:her,herd(兽群,牧群/放牧),emergency(紧急情况,紧急突发事件,非常时刻,),Eteacher,sister,brother,farmer,worker,letter,over,eariEear,hear,near,year,fear,e

33、arwig(偷听者),ZEpear,wear,swear(宣誓,发誓),E:early,earth,earn,ereiEhere,sphere(球体),hemisphere(半球),ZEthere,ere(prep/conj.前于.;在.以前),eirZEtheir,eeriEbeer,deer,cheer(欢呼/喝彩),sneer(冷笑,嘲笑),jeer(讥讽嘲弄),engineer,eyeithey,grey,hey,ewju:new,few,hew(砍),view(景色,风景,观点,见解),ewe(母羊),i-irE:girl,sir,thirsty,shirt,skirt,first,

34、thirty,whirl(使)旋转),stir(轰动,激起,搅动),iei:piece,niece(侄女,甥女),field,thief,believe,belief,achieve(完成,到达),chief(领袖,领袖,酋长,长官/主要的,首要的,首席的,主任的),grief(悲哀,悲伤事,不幸,忧伤),relief(痛苦等的)减轻),ireaiEtire(轮胎；使劳累),tired(累的，疲惫的),wire(金属丝,电线),ighairight,light,fight,might(也许,或许;可能),night,knight,o-orC:or,for,fork,morning,short,

35、torch,more,E:work,worker,Eactor,doctor,forget,oaEuboat,coat,goat,goal,oou:school,food,too,room,tooth,spoon,moon,boot,root,wool,mood(心情,情绪,语气,状态),ubook,look,cook,good,football,footQblood,flood,ouauhouse,blouse,trousers,mouse,mouth,south,ouch,out,our,hour,flour,sour,mountain,Qyoung,touch,rough(粗糙的,粗略的

36、,大致的,粗野的),u:you,through,rougeru:V(擦口红/胭脂),uwould,could,should,C:cough,owaubrown,down,how,now,towel,tower,Euyellow,bowl,show,blow,snow,throwoy/oiCiboy,toy,enjoy,employ,/noise,noisy,toilet,oil,boil,ourauour,flour(面粉)C:your,four,course,oreC:before,more,forehead,foresee,oorC:/JE/door,floor,moor(荒野;停泊,系住

37、),上一页下一页u-urE:turn,Thursday,hurt,fur,urge,further,urban(城市的,市内的),suburb,suburbia(郊区居民),urepicture,futuretFE,/sureFuE,/pleasure,measureVE,uaJEusual,usually,February,graduategrAdJEt(大学)毕业生,研究生),非组合发音：graduategrAdjJeit(v.(使)(大学)毕业),jJEJanuary,uyaibuy,guy,u-/ju:/Q/u/u:/i/强化音ju:/u:，弱化音iu字多发ju:和Q，繁忙busy(i

38、)加u:u。useju:,usuallyju:,tubeju:,musicju:,pupilju:,rubberQ,umbrellaQ,mumQ,hungryQ,busQ,justQ,cupQ,putu,fullu,pullu,ruleru:,Sueu:,blueu:,minutei,busyi音节、音节的构造和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读：1.音节就是英文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位，一个单位算一节。连读起来轻重缓急，流利有节拍，便于听讲阅读。2.音节的构造、类型：口诀：完全构造头中尾(音头/音中/音尾)，元音字母占中央(包含组合)，缺头少尾有开闭(音节)，e尾/成音/r音节。开音节/闭音

39、节：开音节(词)：以开音节结尾a,area,tea,by,day,no,boy,buy,grey,ba*by,ru*ler,rub*ber,fa*ther,the,she,we,he,bee,ta*ble,ap*ple,name,bi*cy*cle,banana,orange,some,闭音节(词)：bas*ket,bag,cap,class,miss,cross,rain,ti*red,bed,red,yes,egg,sit,it,begin(开场),hot,not,boat,boil(沸腾，煮沸，冲动),cup,sun,cut,put,but,mutton(羊肉),meet,woman,r

40、音节：例如：far(远的),arm,er(嗯),her,tea*cher,ru*ler,sir,girl,stir(轰动,激起),or,for(为了，对于，由于，合适),short,fur(毛皮),turn,/ar?ti?cle(文章),or?der(命令,定购,定制；次序,顺序,秩序),ur?gent(急迫的,紧急的),ur?ban(城市的,市内的),成音节：例如：la?bel(贴)标签),pu?pil,pen?cil?,ta?ble,bi?cy?cle,lit?tle?,ap?ple?,peo?ple,3.划分音节口诀：音节中心看母音，辅音要向两边站。中心之间辅音连，一靠后,二分手；多个中间偏左右，字母组合算一个(音)。多音节尾-l-mn(e)，前有辅音成音节。例子：学会一眼识破音节数目，运用语音规则，做到见字读音。闭音节：penpen,capkAp,bas*ketbB:skit,greengri:n,bookbuk,andAnd,eati:t,开音节：hehi:,sheFi:,teati: