一般将来时时态用法讲解_2.docx

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1、一般将来时时态用法讲解一般将来时时态1.一般将来时的定义一般将来时表示在如今看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow,soon或短语nextyear/week/month,inafewdays,inthefuture,sometime做状语。如：Whatwillyoudothisafternoon你今天下午干什么？Wewillhaveameetingtomorrow.我们明天要开会。Heisgoingtostudyabroad到国外nextyear.明年他要出国学习。2.一般将来时的构造及应用(1)shall/will+动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。十分是表示

2、客观性的事情或在某条件下要发生的事情，只能用此构造。如：Whatshallwedoifhedoesntcome假如他不来，我们该咋办？Willyoubefreethisevening今天晚上有空吗？Ithinkhewilltellusthetruth真相。我想他会告诉我们真实情况的。(2)begoingto+动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情，可以表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如：Wearegoingtohaveameetingtodiscuss讨论thematterthisevening.今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。Lookattheblackcloudsoverthere.Ithink

3、itisgoingtorainsoon.看一看那边的乌云，我想天要下雨了。ThereisgoingtobeanEnglisheveningthisweek.本周要举行一个英语晚会。(3)be+如今分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中动词主要是霎时动词：come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等。如：Goahead,andImcoming.走前面一点吧，我就来。Thedogisdying.那条狗要死了。Hurryup.Theshopisclosing.快点，商店就要关门了。(4)一般如今时

4、。表示一种严格根据计划进行的动作。比方讲，上课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如：Donthurry.Themeetingstartsataquarterpasteight.不要匆忙，回忆八点过一刻开场。Thebusgoesbackatfourthirty.汽车四点返回。稳固练习：一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.LiLeitellsmehe_(visit)theGreatWall长城thisweekend.2.Mymother_(buy)meapairofnewtrouserstomorrow.3.Shesaysshe_(leave)soon.4.We_(go)skatingifitdoesntrai

5、nnextSunday.5.There_(be)anEnglisheveningnextweek.6.Thinkover,andyou_(get)agoodidea.7._Jim_(have)apicnicnextMonday-No,he_.8.I_(miss)youafteryouleavehere.9.Who_(teach)youEnglishnextyear10.He_(be)backinthreehours.11.Lookattheseclouds.It_(rain).二、改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正1.Hewillsinganddancesforustomorrow.2.Are

6、yougoingtoswim-Yes,Iwill.3.HewillhelpJimwithhisEnglisheveryday.4.Willhersistersingsasongformetomorrow5.Theywillntplanttreesnextweek.6.Aretheygoingtoplaysbasketballtomorrow7.Willwegotovisitthefactorytomorrow8.PaulwillbegoingtomakedumplingsforEmma.9.AretheboysgoingtotheGreatWallnextmonth-Yes,theywill.

7、三、句型转换：Jimisgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Marywillcleanthewindowsnextweek.否认句：_一般疑问句：_两回答：_特殊疑问句：_四、选择题()1.Areyougoingto_ourEnglishteamYes,Iam.A.takepartinB.joinC.tookpartinD.joined()2.XuXiaandherteammatesare_theUSAnextweek.A.leavingforB.leaveforC.leaveD.left()3.There_anEnglishpartyinourclassnextweek.

8、A.isgoingtohaveB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.Have()4.Ifit_tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.A.isntrainB.dontrainC.doesntrainD.wontrain()5.There_afootballmatchnextweek.ShallwegoandwatchitA.willhaveB.hasC.haveD.willbe“Wouldyouminddoing句型透视mind用作动词时，习惯后接动名词短语作宾语，而不接动词不定式，常用于Wouldyouminddoing句型中，详细用法是：1.“Wouldyoumi

9、nddoing句型常用于表示请求，意思是“请你做你能否介意、请你做好吗？，是一种比拟客气的表达方式。如：Wouldyoumindturningoffthelightintheroom请你把房间里的灯关掉好吗假如要表示“请你不要做你能否介意、请你不要做好吗？，只需要在doing前面加上not.如：Wouldyoumindnotstandinginfrontofme请你不要站在我的前面好吗2.假如同意，表示不介意时，可用如下用语来表达：Certainly/Ofcoursenot./Notatall./No，notatall；假如不同意，表示介意时，常用“Sorry/Imsorry.对不起及陈述某种

10、理来历表示拒绝或反对。如：Wouldyoumindgoingtothemoviesthisevening今晚去看电影好吗Imsorry.ButIhaventfinishedmyhomeworkyet.对不起，我的作业还没有完成。学习时还要注意：1.“Wouldyouminddoing句型中的would可以用do代替，但语气较生硬，不如用would客气。2.“Wouldyouminddoing句型中的逻辑主语只能是谈话的对方you.假如想要对方允许本人做某事，可用“Wouldyoumindmydoing句型，如：Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere你介意我在这里吸烟吗？稳固练习：一

11、、用下面提供的短语完成句子。1.helpmewashmyclothesWouldyoumind_2.giveheracupofteaWouldyoumind_3.helphimmendhiscarDoyouhave_4.walkontheroadWouldyoumind_ontheroad二、选择题()1.Wouldyoumind_usinthegameNotatall.A.joiningB.joinC.joininD.joiningin()2.WouldyouliketoclimbmountainswithmethisSundayIdloveto.ButI_playtabletennisag

12、ainstClassThree.A.amgoingB.amgoingtoC.amD.goingto()3.Wouldyoumind_hereImsorryaboutthat.Illgosomewhereelse.A.nosmokingB.notsmokingC.nosmokeD.notsmoke1.hadbetter的基本用法特点其意为“最好、“应该，后接动词原形，与情态动词should用法类似，其中的had通常缩略为d：Youdbettergetsomesleep你最好去睡一会儿。Wegobeforeitrains.我们最好在下雨前就去。2.hadbetter怎样构成否认式和疑问式构成否认式

13、时，通常将not置于hadbetter之后(而不是had之后)；而构成疑问式时，则通常将had(而不是hadbetter)置于主语之前：Idbetternotdisturbhim我最好别去打搅他。Whathadwebetterdo我们最好咋办练习题()1.Imafraidyouhaveacold.Youdbettergotoseeadoctor._A.No,Ihavenotime.B.Thatsagoodidea.C.Itsverykindofyou.D.Imsorrytohearthat. ()2.Imfat.WhatshouldIdoYoudbettereat_meatand_fruits

14、.A.less;moreB.less;lessC.more;lessD.more;more()3.Youhadbetteraskyourbrother_playingcomputergames.Itsbadforhim.A.togiveupB.nottogiveupC.togiveitupD.notgiveitup()4.Ihaveastomachache.WhatshouldIdoYou_drinksweetwaterand_eatsweetfood.A.hadbetternot;shouldntB.should;hadbetterC.hadbetter;hadbetterD.shouldn

15、t;should()5.Ihaveatoothache.Youshould_.A.drinklotsofwaterB.takearestC.seeadentistD.haveagoodsleep情态动词的基本用法归纳情态动词有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),need(needed),oughtto等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。一、can,could1.表示能力体力、知识、技能。Canyouliftthisheavybox体力Marycanspeakthreelang

16、uages.知识Canyouskate技能2.表示请求和允许。-CanIgonow-Yes,youcan./No,youcant.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。-CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow-Yes,youcan.(No,Imafraidnot.)3.表示客观可能性客观原因构成的能力。Theyvechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.4.表示揣测惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度，用于疑

17、问句、否认句和感慨句中。CanthisbetrueThiscantbedonebyhim.Howcanthisbetrue二、may,might1.表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否认回答时可用cant或mustnt，表示“不能够，禁止。-Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom-No,youmustnt.-May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom-Yes,youcan.(No,youcant/mustnt.)用MayI.征徇对方许可时比拟正式和客气，而用CanI.在白话中更常见。2.用于祈使句，表示祝愿。Mayyousucce

18、ed!3.表示揣测、可能性不用于疑问句。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。1Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.2Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.三、must,haveto1.表示必须、必要。Youmustcomeintime.在回答引出的问句时，假如能否定的，不能用mustnt禁止，不准，而用neednt,donthaveto不必.-Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday-Yes,youmust.-No,youdonthaveto/youneednt.2.must是讲话人的主观看法，而haveto

19、则强调客观需要。must只要一般如今时，haveto有更多的时态形式。1heplayisntinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.2IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.3.表示揣测、可能性只用于肯定的陈述句1YoureTomsgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.2Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.四、need1.need作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否认句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。1Youneedntcomesoearly.2-Nee

20、dIfinishtheworktoday-Yes,youmust./No,youneednt.2.need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.五、shall,should1.shall用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。Whatshallwedothisevening2.shall用于第二、三人称，表示讲话人给对方的命令、警告、许诺或威胁。1.Youshallfailifyoudontworkhard.(警告)2HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(许诺)3Heshal

21、lbepunished.(威胁)六、will,would1.表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please2.表示意志、愿望和决心。1.Iwillneverdothatagain.2.Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.3.would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比usedto正式，且没有“现已无此习惯的含义。1.Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.2.Thewoundwouldnotheal.七、should1.should表示“

22、应该1.Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.2.表示揣测should,(客观揣测),must(主观揣测)。1.Hemustbehomebynow.(断定他已到家)2Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定)3Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.(直爽)4Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.(含蓄)练习题()1.MayIaskyousomequestions,Dr.Wang_A.Yourewelcome.B.Sure,goahead.C.No,Imbusy.D.Yes,youmust.()2

23、.MustItakepartintheactivityNo,you_.Youretooyoung.Youshouldlookafteryourself.A.mustntB.dontC.cantD.donthaveto()3.MayIwatchTV,MomImafraidyou_.A.shouldnotB.cantC.mustnotD.maynot()4.Mustwekeepthewindow_allthetimeNo,youdonthaveto.A.openingB.openedC.toopenD.open()5.MustItakethemedicineeverydayNo,you_.A.mu

24、stB.mustntC.needntD.cant ()6.Mymotherisill.I_stayathometotakecareofher.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.maybe()7.MayIuseyourdictionary,LilySure,_.A.goaheadB.youcanaskBillC.youcantD.thatsallright反身代词用法归纳一、反身代词的基本形式反身代词是oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等的变化能够有myself,himself,herself,yourself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themse

25、lves等形式。二、oneself与himself当one指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用oneself,在美国英语中可以用himself：Oneshouldnotpraiseoneselfhimself.一个人不应该自吹自擂。三、反身代词的句法功能：1.用作同位语(加强被修饰词的语气，紧放在被修饰名词后,或句末：Theboxitselfisnotsoheavy.箱子本身并不重。Martinhimselfattendedthesickman.马丁亲身照顾病人。2.用作宾语(动词或介词的宾语)：Takegoodcareofyourself.照顾好本人。Shecouldnotmakeherselfu

26、nderstood.她不能使别人听懂她的话。Thechildcriedhimselftosleep.孩子哭着哭着睡着了。3.用作表语Thepoorboywasmyself.那个可怜的孩子就是我本人。 ()1.Heplaysbasketballsowell!Whotaught_Helearntitby_.A.him;himB.himself;himselfC.him;himselfD.himself;him要求四会的单词名词体育运动teammatchfootballtennisbaseballskatingrowingcyclingbasketballsoccer人物或称谓类personplayermusicianscientistpilotpolicemanpolicewomanpostmanfishermanherograndfathergrandmothergrandparents物品类basketcuppapergoldrecordbrushring处所类grasstheatre/theatermuseumfactory身体健康类bodyhealthtoothacheheadachefever