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1、高中英语语法复习数词高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词英语语法温习之数词高考重点要求:1.把握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。2.把握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。数词在各个题项中,单项选择、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作用,往往用以讲明事实的准确性和可信性。数词是由两大部分构成的即基数词和序数词,而其他数字表示法如分数,小数等均由这两大部分的不同组合而构成。(一)基数词:表示数目的词为基数词.112无规律one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve1319以tee
2、n为结尾thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen2090以ty结尾twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety2199十位与个位之间要加连字符“-twenty-five,sixty-five,ninety-nine101999百位与十位之间通常用andthreehundredandtwenty-five(美语中常将and省略)千以上6275sixthousandtwohundredandseventy-five;1200twelvehundred(二)
3、序数词:表示顺序的数词为序数词.119各基数词尾加th其中七个例外:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth,其余,如:fourforth,sixsixth,nineteennineteenth20,3090把y变i后加ethtwentieth,fortieth,ninetieth21以后多位数最后一个数用序数词,其余用基数词21sttwenty-first,110thonehundredandtenth(三)分数:由基数词和序数词组成。分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1,分母的序数词要用复数形式。Onethird;twothirds;ah
4、alf;twoandtwo-fifths四数词的用法:1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、等。高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词2001.6.30:June30,2001;30June,2001;30thJune,20017:25:seventwenty-five;twenty-fivepasteven12:54:twelvefiftyfour;sixtoone第21:twenty-first;第123:onehundredandtwenty-third20%:20percent第七路公共汽车BusNumberSeven第201房间Room201人民路153号153RenminRoa
5、dAB:AismorethanB.2.不定数量词“多的表示法。被修饰名词的数英语表达汉译修饰可数名词dozensof几十、很多,scoresof很多,many,agood(great)many,manya(饰单数可数名词)很多、大量,hundredsof数以百计,thousandsof,成千上万,millionsof数百万,billionsof亿万修饰不可数名词much,agreat(good)dealof,alargeamountof,largeamountsof很多、大量修饰可数名词或不可数名词alotof/lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,largequa
6、ntitiesof很多、大量练习一1.Two_diedofcoldlastwinter.A.hundredsoldpeopleB.hundredoldpeopleC.hundredsoldpeoplesD.hundredoldpeoples2.Hewasonlyin_atthetime.A.his20sB.the20sC.histwentiesD.thetwenties3.Thetwogreatmenwrotethoselettersin_.A.1870sB.1879sC.the1870sD.the18704.IwonderifIcanaskhim_time.高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温
7、习数词A.fourB.fourthC.thefourthD.afourth5.Hecameout_inthetrackevents.A.firstB.oneC.thefirstD.theone6.Itwasin1939that_brokeout.A.WorldWarSecondB.theWorldWarSecondC.SecondWorldWarD.WorldWarII7.Youllhavetospend_writingyourreporthere.A.onedayortwodaysB.onedayortwoC.adayortwoD.twodaysorone8.Hecutthecake_.A.
8、inhalvesB.inhalfC.intohalvesD.intohalf9.Theearthisnearly_themoon.A.50timethesizeofB.50timesthesizeofC.50timesassizeasD.50timesasthatof10.Eitheryouortheheadmaster_theprizesforthesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.A.ishandinginB.aretohandoutC.arehandinginD.istohandout11._ofthepopulationherearepeasants.A.20p
9、ercentsB.20percentC.the20percentD.the20percents12.Itsabout_,thethicknessofahumanhair.A.two-fifteenthB.two-fifteenthsC.twofifteenD.twofifteens13.Thepriceofsuchmaterialwasreduced_.A.by18percentB.to18percentC.at18percentD.for18percent14.Southoftheequator,81percentofthesurfaceoftheearth_water.A.isB.areC
10、.wasD.were15.Theysold_boxesofsuchsweetslastweek.A.fourdozenB.fourdozensC.fourdozensofD.fourdozenof高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词练习二16.Ittookme_daystofinishdrawingabeautifulhorse.A.ahalfdozenB.halfadozenC.haftdozensD.halfdozen17._peopleweresenttheretohelpfightagainsttheflood.A.ThreescoresofB.ThreescoreofC.Thre
11、escoreD.Threescores18.Dontleaveyouwork,_.A.donehalfB.halfdoneC.ahalfdoneD.doneahalf19.Nobodycandotwothingswell_.A.atonetimeB.atonceC.onetimeD.once20.Hehas_booksinhisstudy.A.severalthousandsB.somethousandsofC.somethousandsD.somethousandof21.OnNationalday_peopletakepartinallkindsofcelebration.A.hundre
12、dsofmillionsofB.millionsofhundredofC.hundredsmillionsofD.millionshundredsof22.Hehaslivedat_for30years.A.No.101HepingStreetB.101HepingStreetC.HepingStreet101D.HepingstreetNo.10123.Youcanfindhimin_.A.Room201B.201RoomC.theRoom20D.the201Room24.Its_walkfromheretomyschool.A.two-hoursB.twohoursC.two-hourD.
13、atwo-hour25.Itwasin_whenhewasalreadyin_thathewenttoYanan.A.the1940s,the40sB.the1940s,hisfortiesC.1940s,hisfortiesD.the1940s,his40s高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词26.Hewenttothemarketandbought_eggsandsomemeat.A.threedozenofB.threedozenC.threedozensD.threedozensof27.Shortlyaftertheaccidenttwo_policeweresenttothes
14、pottokeeporder.A.dozenofB.dozensC.dozenD.dozensof(MET9229)28.MrSmith_metobuyseveral_eggsforthedinner.A.asked,dozenB.suggested,dozensofC.had,dozenD.persuaded,dozensof29._ofthelandinthatdistrict_coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,are(2000上海)30.Two_diedofcoldl
15、astwinter.A.hundredsoldpeopleB.hundredoldpeopleC.hundredoldpeoplesD.hundredoldpeoples英语语法温习之介词PrepositionPrep.一、定义:用在n.或相当于n.的其它词类、短语或从句之前,讲明其与句子中另一成分的关系的词,又称前置词。二、分类:3种1简单介词SimplePrepositionse.g.about,above,behind,besides,down,during,in,near,round,since,towards,with2复合介词CompoundPrepositionse.g.from
16、among,frombehind,fromunder,inside,outside,within,without,into,onto,outof,upon,throughout3短语介词PhrasalPrepositionse.g.accordingto,apartfrom除之外,asaresultof,asfor/to至于,关于,becauseof,dueto由于,inadditionto除之外,不但=besides,infrontof,inspiteof(尽管),insteadof,owingto由于三、常见简单介词的基本用法1.表示地点位置的介词1)at,in,on,to,forat(1
17、)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在附近,旁边in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在范围之内。on表示毗邻,接壤,“在上面。to表示在范围外,不强调能否接壤;或“到2)above,over,on在上above指在上方,不强调能否垂直,与below相对;高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。on表示某物体上面并与之接触。Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Heputhiswatchonthedesk.3)below,under在下面under表示在
18、正下方;below表示在下,不一定在正下方Thereisacatunderthetable.Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.4)infrontof,inthefrontof在前面infrontof意思是“在前面,指甲物在乙物之前,两者互不包括;其反义词是behind在的后面。Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.(房子前面有些花卉。)inthefrontof意思是“在.的前部,即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是atthebackof在范围内的后部。Thereisablackboardinthefrontofourclassroom.
19、我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Ourteacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.我们的教师站在教室前.(教师在教室里)5beside,behindbeside表示在旁边;behind表示在后面2.表示时间的介词1)in,on,at在时in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般非特指的早、中、晚等。如inthe20thcentury,inthe1950s,in1989,insummer,inJanuary,inthemorning,inoneslife,inonesthirties等。on表示详细某一天及其早、中、晚。如onMay1st,onMonday
20、,onNewYearsDay,onacoldnightinJanuary,onafinemorning,onSundayafternoon等。at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。如at3:20,atthistimeofyear,atthebeginningof,attheendof,attheageof,atChristmas,atnight,atnoon,atthismoment等。注意:在last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词。如:Wemeeteveryday.2)in,after在之后“in+段时间表示将来的一段时间以后;“a
21、fter+段时间表示过去的一段时间以后;“after+将来的时间点表示将来的某一时刻以后。3)from,since自从from仅讲明什么时候开场,不讲明某动作或情况持续多久;since表示某动作或情况持续至讲话时刻,通常与完成时连用。since表示自某详细时间以来,常用作完成时态谓语的时间状语。sinceliberation1980自从解放1980年以来Theyhavebeenclosefriendssincechildhood他们从小就是好朋友。1sincethewar是指自从战争结束以来,若指自从战争开场以来,须讲sincethebeginningofthewar。高中英语语法温习数词高中
22、英语语法温习数词2不要将since与after混淆。比拟:Hehasworkedheresince1965指一段时间,强调时间段Hebegantoworkhereafter1965指一点时间,强调时间点4)after,behind在之后after主要用于表示时间;behind主要用于表示位置。时间名词前介词用法口诀年前周前要用in详细日子要用on碰到几号也用on上午下午得是in要讲某日上下午用on换in记清楚午夜黄昏用at黎明用它也不错at用在时分前讲“差可要用上to讲过要用past3.表示运动方向的介词:across,through通过,穿过;across表示横过,即从物体外表通过,与on有
23、关,为二维through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关,为三维。4.表示“在之间的介词:between,amongbetween指在两个人或两个事物之间;among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。5.表示其他意义的介词1)on,about关于on表示这本书,这篇文章或演讲是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读;about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。2)by,with,in表示方法、手段、工具by以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;with表示用工具、手段,一般接详细的工具和手段;in表示用方式,用语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;3)except,besides除了except除之外
24、,不包括在内;besides除之外,包括在内。ExceptforMr.Wang,wewenttoseethefilm.(王先生没去)BesidesMr.Wang,wealsowenttoseethefilm.(王先生也去了)其它常用介词介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小,但它们的用法却非常灵敏,复杂。下列为常用介词及含义:1about关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.IhaveboughtabookaboutShakespearean.我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。2above在.上,高出,以上,超过,在.上游.Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.飞机在云上飞行。3across横
25、过,对面,穿插,在.的对面.Canyouswimacrosstheriver?你能游过河吗?4after在.后面,按照.Hewenthomeafterschool.他放学后就回家了。5against撞到,靠着,反对,违犯,Thecarhitagainstthetree.汽车撞了树。6along沿着,顺着.高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词Theyarewalkingalongtheriver.他们沿着河行走。7among在.当中.三者或三者以上Heisthetallestamongthem.他是他们当中个子最高的。8around在.的周围,在.那一边.Theysataroundtheta
26、bletalkingthenews.他们绕桌而坐议论新闻。9as作为.Hedoesntlikepeopletreathimasachild.他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。10at在.时刻,在.点钟,在.岁时,向,在.之中,按.速度,值(卖).钱,在.强调地点Healwaysgetsupatsixinthemorning.他时常早上六点钟起床。Heshotatthebirdbutmissedit.他向鸟射击,但是没射中。Thecargoesateightymilesanhour.汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶。11before在.的前面(位置),在.之前(时间)Hetookapicturebef
27、orethecar.他在汽车前照了张照片。12behind在.的后面(位置),落后于,不如4after在.后面,按照,Arethereanybroomsbehindthedoor.门后有扫帚吗?13below在.之下,低于,Therearefourlightsbelowtheceiling.天花板下面有四盏灯。14beside在.的旁边,在.之外,与.相比.Hefoundthebodybesidetheriver.他在河边发现了尸体。15besides除.之外,还有.WeareallherebesidesBowe.除鲍外,我们也都来了。16between在.两者之间,Hesitsbetween
28、youandme.他坐在你我之间。17beyond在.那边,Theshopyouarelookingforisbeyondthestreet,youcantmissit.你要找的商店在街的那边,你不会找不到的。18but除去.Hehasnothingbutmoney.他除钱以外什么都没有。19by被.,在.的近旁,在.之前,不迟于,以.为手段。Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudents.教室由学生们清扫干净了。20down沿着.望下。Shewalkeddownthestreet.她沿着街道走。21during在.期间,在.时候。Duringtheholiday,we
29、wenttothesouth.我们假期去了南方。22except除.之外。HeknowsnothingexceptEnglish.他除英语以外什么都不知道。23for为.,由于.,至于.。Heworksforthiscompany.他为这家公司工作。24from从.,来自.,由于.。Whereareyoufrom?你是哪里人?Hediedfromanaccident.他死于一场事故。25in在.,在.之内,从事于.,根据.,穿着.。Hewasbornin1992.他生于1992年。Icouldfinishtheprogramintwoweeks.我能够用两周时间完成这个项目。Hespendle
30、sstimeinreading.他读书时间很少。Themaninblackjacketisourteacher.穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的教师。高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词26like象.,好像.。Thetwinsareliketheirfather.双胞胎像他们的父亲。27near靠近.。Therearesomeflowersnearthehouse.房子附近有一些花。28of.的,属于.。ThisisamapofChina.这是一张中国地图。29until直到,在.以前,Pleasewaitforusuntilwecomeback.请等着我们回来。30on在.之上。Mybooki
31、sonthetable.我的书在桌子上。31outof从.出来,在.之外。Thedogrunoutofthehouse.狗从房子里跑出来。32outside.外边.Theyarewaitingoutsidethegate.他们在门外等着。33over在.之上,遍于.之上,越过.。Thereisalightoverthedesk.桌子上方有盏灯。Heisoversixtyyearsold.他有六十多岁。34past越过.,过.,超越.。Thestudentswalkedpastthepostoffice.学生们走过了邮局。Itistenpasttwo.如今是两点特别。35round围着.,绕过.
32、,在.周围。Wesatroundthetable.我们围着桌子坐下。Theearthgoesroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。36since自.以后,自.以来。HehasmadegreatprogressinEnglishsincehecameintothecollege.从他来到大学后,他的英语有了很大进步。37through经过.,穿过.。立体层面Theywentthroughtheforest.他们穿过了森林。38throughout遍及.,在各处。Thepolicesearchedforthecriminalthroughoutthemountain.警察搜山寻找犯人。39til
33、l直到.,在.以前。Hedidntcomebacktillelevenoclock.他直到十一点钟才回来。Wellbehometillsix.六点以前我们都会在家。40to到.,向.,趋于。Howlongisitfromheretothestation?从这儿到车站有多远?41under在.之下,低于。Therearesomefootballsunderthebed.床底下有几颗足球。练习题1.Someareas,_theirsevereweatherconditions,arehardlypopulated.AbutforBinspiteofCduetoDwithregardto2.Visi
34、torsareaskedtocomply_theregulations.AatBinCwithDon3.He_somuchworkthathecouldntreallydoitefficiently.AputonBtookonCbroughtonDturnedon4.Inordertosavetime,I_myshoppingtoonceaweek.高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词AcutoffBcutoutCcutupDcutdown5.Theideahas_thatsciencecannotbewrong.ApiledupBpickedupCgrownupDputup6.Hedid
35、everythinghecouldtopreventiffrom_intofighting.AbreakingoffBbreakingupCbreakingoutDbreakingof7.Theconstructionofthenewbuildingwillcost_1,000,000dollars,anditsnoteasytogetsomuchmoney.AatlastBatmostCatleastDatlarge8.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelighthappenedto_.A.beputupB.giveinC.betu
36、rnedonD.goout9.Everymorningshewouldgivehimbreakfast_bedandbringhimthepaperstoread.A.toB.atC.inD.by10.Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidntteachtherequiredstandard,_,youfailed.A.intheendB.afterallC.inotherwordsD.atthesametime11.Whydonttheybuildanewroadthatgoes_thetown?A.toB.throughC.overD.round12._pro
37、ductionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through13._thisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkofit.A.LookthroughB.LookonC.LookintoD.Lookup14.Thedoctorwillbefree_.A.10minuteslaterB.after10minutesC.in10minutesD.10minutesafter15.Didyouhavetrouble_thepostoffice?A.tohavefoundB.withfindingC
38、.tofindD.infinding16.Ifyoukeepon,youllsucceed_.A.intimeB.atonetimeC.atthesametimeD.ontime17.Weofferedhimoutcongratulations_hispassingthecollegeentranceexams.A.atB.onC.forD.of18.-Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness?A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since19.Thetrainleavesat6:oopm.SoIhavetobeatthestation_5:40pmatthe
39、latest.A.untilB.afterC.byD.around20.DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguage_French?A.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside高中英语语法温习数词高中英语语法温习数词数词答案:1.B2.C表示几十的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄,本句为二十多岁。3.C定冠词the和数的复数形式在一起表示年代。4.D序数词前面加不定冠词表示又一次(已经四次了)5.A这里first有人讲起副词作用,能够看成表语,可以以看做一种获得第一名的习惯用法。6.D序数词和名词共同构成的专有名词还能够是thcSecond
40、WorldWar的形式。7.C只要C项为正确的表达方式,或者可以以写成oneortwodays.再如:onehourandahalf或oneandahalfhours.8.Binhalf表示分成一样大小的两半。可以以讲cutintwo9.B再如twicetheheight(depth,width,weight,etc.)of10.Deitheror连接主语用就近原则。betohandouttheprizes意为要颁发奖品。11.答案为B。百分比作修饰语,前面不加冠词且不能加复数。12.答案为B。分数做定语,分子用基数词,分母为序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用复数,此题中,其它表达方式均不正确。1
41、3.答案为A。表增加或减少的数量的百分比,用by+百分数表示。14.答案为A。不可数的名词的百分比用单数;可数名词的百分比则用复数。C项时态不对,另如:90percentofthepopulationherearepeasents.这个句子中population的意思是people.15.答案为A。dozen与数词或many,several等词连用时复数一般不加s,故B、C两项不选。此外,dozen与数词连用做定语,一般也不加of.当然也有例外:Placethemindozensonthetable.dozens表数量很多。Twodozenofthesearewanted.dozen后面有of由于有限定词these,the等。Dozensofpeoplewerehere.dozensof也表示很多。16.答案为B。半打的表达方式一定要用halladozen。17.答案为B。score做定语修饰名词用a(three)scoreof,而不用复数形式;常用scoresof为其复数形式,意为大量,但有:threescoreandten,ascoreormore18.答案为B。hall起副词作用,修饰过去分词done,由于这个过去分词表状态,故half应在done前。再如:welldone,wellknown,不用ahalf修饰done,故不选C、B两项。19.B意为同时,不是立即。
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