托福独立写作冷门话题破题技巧实例讲解.docx

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1、托福独立写作冷门话题破题技巧实例讲解托福独立写作冷门话题破题技巧实例讲解常有托福考生在考完试后抱怨，独立写作又出了个莫名其妙的话题根本不知道怎么写。之所以会出现这种情况，考生本身的知识积累缺乏当然是一方面原因，但更主要的原因则是大家缺乏应对陌生话题的破题技巧。下面我就通过实例来为考生讲解详细技巧思路。托福独立写作冷门话题破题技巧实例讲解题目：当代生活中制作食物更容易，人们的生活质量也因而提高。你能否同意这种观点?破题思路分析：1.要与论题相匹配论题问的既然是提高生活质量与否，一些无关紧要的改变就应该弃之不用，比方烹调时间缩短这一项改变，是事实，且未对生活质量有直接明显影响，就应该避免用作主要论

2、点。2.要能言之有物这是再功利不过的一条标准。比方我本人提到了食物准备时间缩短能让人性情改变，破题时觉得不无可能，真落笔时却不知道由何讲起，假如选了这一条为一个主要论点，结果是我讲了一句话就走人，那还不如选个能下笔，能展示语言功底，也能显示思维缜密的写作方向。3.选择的无论是2个还是3个论点，内在一定要有联络这其实是整个立意阶段的重头。要立意，就是要明白本人表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持本人的论点。怎样整理行文思路?托福写作破题结束后，第二要做的重要事项便是整理行文思路。破题经过其实是个发散思维的经过，而立意，则是要把思维收回来，组织化，理清它的脉络纹路，让他们根据自

3、以为最有讲服力的顺序排列好，准备落于纸上的经过。这个讲服力的强弱，应该以什么标准判定呢-笔者以为，能讲服读者的议论，在论点选择上应该遵循一个原则：三个(或者两个)论点不能在层面上有穿插，但要符合一条明线：支持全文观点。而最感动读者的论点选择，不仅遵循上面的原则，三个看似不穿插的论点间还有一条暗线贯穿一致。令全文浑然天成，回味无穷。立意的地一步，根据上面的原则看，当然是先确定观点。以题目为例，笔者愿意选择否，食物易于准备降低了人们的生活质量。第一步踏出去了。确定观点后，破题时得到的思维方向，明显不利于我的就应该排除。比方营养价值改变这一条，固然速食文化确实对人体有害，但另一项速食：陌生和熟粗粮，

4、就是向有益方向改变的，两者势均力敌，仅管是很容易想到，也很容易举例论证的论点，却不宜使用，由于如此贸然用了，有思维不缜密之嫌。然而，这毕竟是一块好啃的骨头，假如其他论点都不好论证，还能够回头捡起这一条来，隐去健康速食那个事实进行作文，当然，这仍然是下下之选。托福写作中的重点词汇内容残忍的，野蛮的-ferociousbloodthirstybrutalcruelfierceviciouswildatrocious邪恶的，有害的，致命的sinister,asinistersmile.diaboliccorruptforbidding可怕的,令人难亲近的perniciousvirulent机密的，偷

5、偷的-cryptic含有隐义的;晦涩难懂的;神秘的furtive,furtivemovements偷偷摸摸的,鬼鬼祟祟的,机密的covert隐蔽的;不公开的;机密的:coveredhiddenhideawayshelter,sneakveileds避难所-asylumhavenhomeinstitutionrefugeshelterharbor节约的-frugal浪费的，挥霍的prodigal(Theyareprodigalintheirexpenditures)extravagantlavishspendthriftwastefulsquander浪费时间，逗弄，嬉戏-dallydawdle

6、delaylaglingerloiter祝福，感谢-benedictionblessblissblessing欺骗，诈骗deceivehoodwink逃避工作v.malinger装病(以逃避工作或责任)goldbrick逃避勤务的兵士relinquish放弃揭密，泄漏-uncoverdiscloseexposeopenrevealunmask掠夺，抢劫-lootpredaterobpillageplundersackspoildespoilburglarizeangle诽谤，中伤-aspersionslanderderogatecalumniatelibeldiscreditdenigrate

7、赞扬-extolcomplimentglorifylaudpraisecommendacclaimeulogizeeucomium颂词，表扬-laudeulogyodehymn反对，不赞成-demurdeprecatedissentdissident否认，拒绝，驳斥-contradictdisputerefuterenouncenaysayrejectrepudiategainsay悲悼，懊悔，哀叹-deplorebemoanregretlamentdirgebewailrepent驱逐，出境-deportbanishexpelexpatriateevictexileoustexcludeos

8、tracism寓居-dwellabideresideinhabitoccupy夸大，吹牛-vauntexaggeratebombastoverstatefull-blownoverdomagnifyamplify夸大的-stiltedlofty活泼的-vivaciousactiveanimatedbriskdynamicenergeticexuberantgaylively恶作剧的，顽皮的-prankishnaughtyimpishelfishdevilishmischievouspuckish笨拙的，费事的-cumbersomebulkyburdensomeclumsytroublesome

9、unmanageablebothersomegaucheanticawkwardham-handed暴乱，骚动-agitationbothercommotionfretstirriotsquall大风暴-tempestviolencestorm大混乱，大灾难-havoccalamitycatastrophemisfortunedisastermishaptragedy宏大的，惊人的-prodigiouscolossalenormousextraordinarygigantichugeimmensemammothvasttremendous例外的，奇特的，罕见的-exceptionalremar

10、kablestupendous巧妙的，不可思议的-miraculouswonderfulmarvelous大胆的，鲁莽的-audaciousboldbravedaringgallantheroicvaliantprowess多产的，丰富的，茂盛的-prolificfecundfertilefruitfulproductivemunificentprosperousaffluentflourishopulentwell-offplentifulabundant贫瘠的，不孕的，不毛之地-barrensterile贫困的，贫乏的，没钱的-indigentpenuriouspenuryimpecuni

11、ousimprovishedneedydown-and-outpennilesswretcheddestitutebankrupt手铐，束缚-shacklehandcuffmanaclechainbindfetter神秘的-mysteriousesotericoccult取消，撤销，废除-rescissrepealnullifyabolishquashwithdrawabrogateabolishannulcancelinvalidaterecallrescindrevokenullifyretractoverrule使衰弱，使衰老-enfeebleenervatedebilitateweak

12、envitiate虚弱的，衰老的-fecklessflaccidflagginglanguideffete耻辱，污名-tarnishstainslurdisgracebrandblemishstigmadiscredithumiliation持久的-everlastingperpetualpermanentendurableabidingeternal短暂的-momentarytemporarytransientephemeralevanescentprovisional慎重的，警惕的-warycharyvigilantdiscreetconsideratecautiousprudentcar

13、efulcircumspect责备，指责，咒骂-accuseblamecensurechargedenounceimpugnimpeachindictexecratecondemncriticizereproachreprovedisapproveupbraidvituperatereproveinjurereprehendrebukeinveighdiatribeabuselambasteobloquyinvective免责，确定无罪-exemptexonerateexculpateinvulnerableabsolve阻碍，阻挠-filibusterencumberimpedehamper

14、hinderstymiecurbobstructrestrainretardhamperthwartfoilclogcheckocclude挑剔的-meticulousnitpickfinickyfinicalexactingcensoringfussyfastidiouschoosycriticalparticularselectivepernicketyprissypunctiliousprudish苛责，吹毛求疵的-carpcavilpickcriticizequibble镇压-quellappeaseextinguishhushlullmollifypacifyquietsmother

15、stiflesubduesuppresssquelshfoilslakequench刺激-rousearouseawakenexcitefomentangerinflamekindlemovepiqueprovokedisquietincensewhetstimulatestirinstigategalvanizevexrileroilannoyaggravatedisturbirritate放纵-indulgecoddlepamperpander-tomollycoddlehumorcaterdote-onsybaritevoluptuarywantonspoil笨蛋，傻瓜-doltnums

16、kulldunceblockheadloutidiocyidiotcretinhalf-witfooldullardimbecilemoronsimpletonpratoafslouchdull-head愚笨-idiocystupidityabsurditymadnesslunacyfolly愚笨的-crassdoltishoafishimbecilicmoronicfatuousvacuous伪造，掺假-adulterateforgecounterfeitfalsifybogus真正的，纯种的-genuineauthentic真实的，坦诚的，诚实的-candidcandorfrankfair

17、genuineopenpuretrustworthytrustfulveraciousvirtuous新手，生手-apprenticeneophytenovicetypogreenhornfreshmanuninitiatedverdant预言，预知，预告-presagepredictforecastforeseeforetellportendportentprophesyanticipateomendivinesoothsayaugurforebodepresentiment犹豫，停滞-balkbogglescrupledemurfalterflounderpausevacillatewav

18、erhesitate消除，除去-effaceeraseobliteraterazeeliminateexterminate闲扯，瞎讲-drivelpratebabblechatchattergossipblabprattlebabblegabblejabber温顺的，驯服的-tameobedientmeekgentledociletamebonhomie效忠，尊敬-homageadorationdeferenceesteemhonorrespectreverenceveneration忠实-fidelityallegianceattachmentdevotionfaithfealtyloyal

19、ty准确，准确-accuracyexactnessexactitudeprecision简洁的-concisetersecurtbriefsuccinctcompendiouscondensedcompressedlaconic大纲，摘要-prciscompendiumcompendiaabstractsummarysynopsis扼要，讲明-recapitulatesummarizeoutline民意测验，民意调查-gall-uppollster使成僵局，僵局-stalematedeadlock粗略的，大概的,粗糙的-schematiccursorycoarsecruderoughvulga

20、rchurlishhusky吸引人的-intriguingalluringappealingattractivebewitchingcaptivatecharmingenchantingenticingfascinatinginterestinginvitingtantalizingtemptingthrillingwinningingratiating优势，主权，势力-cloutascendanceascendancyauthoritypreponderancemajority荒唐的，愚笨的，可笑的-preposterousabsurdsillyridiculoussenselessnons

21、ensical合理的-logicalnationalreasonablesound一致的，相等的，同样的-congruenttantamountcommensurate和睦，一致-concordharmonyagreementrapportconformity分配，给予，分发-allocateallotapportionassigndistributedivide相称的，适宜的，应得的-condignbecomingfittingpropersuitableappropriate微缺乏道的-trivialfrivolousmeaslypaltrysuperficialtriflingworth

22、less托福写作高分中的修辞内容巧用修辞1.排比对称构造Despitealltheevidence,expertscontinuetodebateweatherglobalwarmingexists,howextensivetheproblemis,whatthelikelyeffectswillbeandwhetheranyremedyispossible.Despitealltheevidence,expertscontinuetodebatetheexistenceofglobalwarming,theextentoftheproblem,itslikelyeffectsandanypo

23、ssibleremedy.2.比喻(1)明喻：比喻词出现：as,like,asifInmanyways,nodoubt,ourworldgrowsmoreandmorecomplex,sputnikscannotbesimple;yethowmanyofourcomplexitiesremainfutile,howmanyofourartificialitiesfalse.Simplicitytoocanbesubtle-asthestraightlinesofaGreektemple,liketheParthenonatAthens,aredelicatelycurvedinordertol

24、ookstraighterstill.(2)暗喻：比喻词不出现。AmericahasgiventheNegropeopleabadcheck,whichhascomebackmarkedinsufficientfunds.3.对照：加深印象Extremismindefenseoflibertyisnovice;moderationisthepursuitofjusticeisnovirtue.4.类比TheNegrohasacallusgrowingonhissoulanditisgettingharderandhardertohurthimhere.Thatisasimplelawofnat

25、ure.Likeacallusonthefootinashoethatistootight.Thefootisnaturesandthatshoewasputonbyman.Thetightshoewillpinchyourfootandmakeyouhollerandscream.Butsoonerorlater,ifyoudonottaketheshoeoff,acalluswillformonthefootandbegintowearouttheshoe.ItisthesamewiththeNegroinAmerica.Thatshoe-thewhitemanssystemhaspinc

26、hedandrubbedandsqueezedhissouluntilithasalmostdestroyedhim.Butitdidnot.Andhowacallushasformedonhissoul,andunlessthatsystemisadjustedtofithim,too,thatcallusisgoingtowearourthatsystem.5.拟人Dawnwasbeginningtoprowlabouttheskyandputoutthestarts.6.夸大Forshewasbeautifulherbeautymadethebrightworlddim,andeverythingbesideseemedlikethefleetingimageofashade.托福独立写作冷门话题破题技巧实例讲解