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1、实例讲解托福浏览词汇题同义词替换实例讲解托福浏览词汇题同义词替换托福浏览考试当中词汇题占据了三分之一的题时,所以这种题型是需要考生进行重点备考的。有很多同学或许就最为头疼这一类题型了。被考到的词汇有可能是是非常有关键性的,对于理解全文都有关系。这里我能过例子为大家讲解应该怎样时行托福浏览的词汇题的同义替换。大家一起来学习一下吧。实例讲解托福浏览词汇题同义词替换所以今天就让我们一起来细数一下那些在托福考试中容易错选或根本不知道选什么的同义词配对。elaborate=complexelaborate=develop对于这组词汇,很多同学在初次遇见时,很难直接把他们进行同义的对应。complex和d
2、evelop的意思大家应该还是比拟明确的,但是elaborate确实切含义很多同学其实不是很清楚,即便是背过也只是脑海中有个模糊的意思,记得好似,大概,也许是指“具体地这类意思。很多同学会觉得“具体地和“复杂的以及“发展看起来并没有什么同义的关系。其实elaborate作为形容词时的意思是madeordonewithgreatcareorwithmuchdetail;markedbycomplexity精心制作的复杂的;作为动词时的意思是togivemoredetailsaboutsomething;tobringsomethingtoamoreadvancedordevelopedstate
3、具体制定,详尽阐述从它的英文释义中就不难看出它和complex以及develop的同义之处了。respectively=inthatorderWindpollinationdoes,ofcourse,requirealotofpollen.Birchandhazeltreescanproduce5.5and4milliongrainspercatkin,respectively.ThewordrespectivelyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.overtimeB.separatelyC.inthatorderD.consistently对于这组词汇,想必
4、大家疑惑的是respectively这个词。在我们记忆的中文意思中,respectively这个词就是指“分别地,所以在选择上面的词汇题时,无数同学都会前赴后继地掉入separately这个大坑里。殊不知此“分别并不是彼“分别。respectively意为intheordergiven。【例子】MaryandAnnewererespectively12and16yearsold.Mary和Anne分别是12岁和16岁。(Mary12岁,Anne16岁)。而separately意为apartfromothers,notjoinedorconnected。【例子】Hehadinsistedthat
5、wewentseparatelytotheclub.他坚持我们不要一块儿去俱乐部。了解清楚这两个“分别地的意思之后,再结合文章语境去选择,答案就一目了然了。afford=provide这是一组部分意思重复的词汇配对,也是对熟词僻义的考察。afford作为动词时有两层意思,第一个大家熟悉的“买得起,负担得起,第二个“提供,Thisaffordsustheopportunitytoaskquestionsabouthowthesystemsmightchange.这给我们提供了就系统可能怎样改变进行提问的时机。pronounced=marked这也是一组让大家大跌眼镜的同义配对,表示“发音的pro
6、nounce加了个d怎么就变成“明显的了。一方面,pronounced作为形容词本身就有strongmarked的意思,另一方面,pronounce作为动词时还能够指“宣称,公布,根据这个意义再去体会上下文语境,就能感悟到这组同义配对之间的奥秘了。Citizensofprosperous,essentiallymiddle-classrepublics-whetherancientRomans,seventeenth-centuryDutchburghers,ornineteenth-centuryAmericans-havealwaysshownamarkedtasteforportrait
7、ure.Thewordmarkedisclosestinmeaningtowhichoffollowing?(A)pronounced(B)fortunate(C)understandable(D)mysteriouspursue=engageinWhereastheEastcouldpursuewaranddiplomacymoreeffectivelywiththeirenemiesonthelongeasternfrontier,theWestwasexposedtothemorevolatiletribalGermanicpeoplesonafrontierthatstretcheda
8、longtheRhineandDanuberiversfor1,000miles.Theword“pursueinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.expandB.engageinC.controlD.avoid同学们应该都知道pursue有“追求,继续,追捕的意思,然而满怀等待地去阅读选项时,却并没有发现体现这个意思的答案,不禁又一次由于ETS对人生产生了怀疑。其实此题考察的也是一个pursue的不常用的意思“执行,实行。【例子】Thegovernmentwillbefreetopursueitseconomicpolicies.政府将可不受限制地实行其经济政策
9、。所以此题对应engagein,表示“从事,实行之意。通过上述的分析,我们再来做几个词汇题的小练习,看看你还会不会中招?1)Doorwayswerelargerandmoredecorative.Fireplacesbecamedecorativefeaturesofrooms.Wallsweremadeofplasterorwood,sometimeselaboratelypaneled.Thewordelaboratelyisclosestinmeaningtowhichoffollowing?(A)doneingreatdetail(B)puttogethercarefully(C)us
10、ingmanycolors(D)reinforcedstructurally2)Peopleinsuchplaceswouldhavehadatleasttworeasonstopursuecultivationandanimalraising;theywouldhavehadaccesstonewinformation,plants,andanimalsbroughtinbytraders,andtheywouldhavehadaneedforsomethingtotradewiththepeoplepassingthrough.Theword“pursueinthepassageisclo
11、setinmeaningto(A)practice(B)encourage(C)prefer(D)combine3)Thelinsey-woolseycoveringwasfoundinthecolderregionsofthecountrybecauseofthewarmthitafforded.Thewordaffordedisclosestinmeaningtowhichoffollowing?(A)provided(B)spent(C)avoided(D)absorbed4)Onclearstillnightswhentheheatislandispronounced,asmallth
12、ermallow-pressureareaformsoverthecity.Theword“pronouncedinthepassageisclosetinmeaningto(A)examined(B)relative(C)strongest(D)darkest做完再看答案哦:AAAC生命科学类托福浏览官方材料一、植物学1Sample:OpportunityandCompetitors2TPO01:TimberlineVegetationonMountains3TPO05:MineralsandPlants4TPO09:TheArrivalofPlantLifeinHawaii5TPO22:S
13、partina6TPO25:TheEvolutionaryOriginofPlants7TPO32:PlantColonization二、动物学动物特点1OG:SwimmingMachines2OG:FeedingHabitsofEastAfricanHerbivores3TPO04:DeerPopulationofThePugetSound4TPO13:BiologicalClock5TPO15:AWarm-bloodedTurtle6TPO17-3:SymbioticRelationship7TPO32:DistributionofTropicalBeeColonies动物变化1Sampl
14、e:MeteoriteImpactandDinosaurExtinction2TPO05:TheCambrianExplosion3TPO08:ExtinctionofTheDinosaurs4TPO15:MassExtinctions5TPO31-1:SpeciationinGeographicallyIsolatedPopulations6TPO30-2:ThePaceofEvolutionaryChange7TPO33:ExtinctionEpisodesofthepast动物行为1TPO02:TheOriginsofCetaceans2TPO11:BeggingbyNestlings3
15、TPO11:OrientationandNavigation4TPO17:AnimalSignalsinTheRainForest5TPO30-1RoleofPlayinDevelopment6TPO29-2:Competition7TPO28-3:BuckRubsandBuckScrapes8TPO27-3:Predator-PreyCycles自然科学类托福浏览官方材料一、地质学冰川类1OG:greenIcebergs2TPO15:GlacierFormation3TPO19:DiscoveringTheIceAges地质现象1OG:GeologyandLandscape2TPO01:Gr
16、oundwater3TPO02:DesertFormation4TPO03:DepletionofTheOgallalaAquifer5TPO07:TheGeologicHistoryofTheMediterranean6TPO12:WaterinTheDesert7TPO20:FossilPreservation8TPO21:GeothermalEnergy9TPO24:LakeWater10TPO28-1:Groundwater11TPO27-2:TheFormationofVolcanicIslands二、天文学火星类1TPO08:RunningWaterOnMars2TPO25:The
17、SurfaceofMars其他行星类1TPO16:PlanetsinOurSolarSystem2TPO22:TheAllendeMeteorite托福浏览文章是从哪儿来的其实,托福浏览题材大部分来源于美国大学的教科书,一方面希望考生熟悉美国的教育,留学以后能够更快地适应美国大学的课堂生活,另一方面也能让考生了解一下美国的文化,毕竟文化的气力是非常强大的,一个民族的底蕴都是透过文化传达给大家的;另外也有一部分题材来源于出题人对相关文章的整理,使呈现出来的文章难易度与雅思浏览题型想匹配,并能有效去区分和测试出不同考生的英语水平。托福浏览部分的内容涵盖的知识层面很广泛,从自然科学到生物科学还有一定程度的美国历史和艺术,另外也会出现一些社科类或者是人文类。考生假如仔细研究会发现新托福浏览考试的内容其实就是人类的发展史,由最开场的自然界事物的发展变化,包括地理、气候等,渐渐演变到对生物的探究,如动植物、微生物等。人类出现以后人们的生活逐步丰富多彩,渴望探索的领域也在逐步增加,这不仅是文化的积淀还涵盖了对于历史的回首和探究。实例讲解托福浏览词汇题同义词替换
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