英语动词、名词、形容词变化规律.docx
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1、英语动词、名词、形容词变化规律动词后+-ed的变化规则1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:work-workedplay-playedwanted-wantedact-acted2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live-livedmove-movedtaste-tastedhope-hoped3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:study-studiedcopy-copiedcry-criedcarry-carried4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,
2、须多加记忆。gowentmakemadegetgotbuy-boughtcome-camefly-flew不规则动词的过去式的构成1把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:beginbegan,drinkdrank,givegave,ringrang,singsang,sitsat,swimswam2把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:drivedrove,riderode,writewrote3改动词原形中的awow为ew,变成过去式。如:drawdrew,growgrew,knowknew,throwthrew动词show除外,showshowed4动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。
3、如:getgot,forgetforgot5动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:feedfed,meetmet6动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:keepkept,sleepslept,sweepswept7动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:breakbroke,speakspoke8动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:sellsold,telltold9动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:standstood,understandunderstood10以ought和aught结尾,且读音是:t的过去式。如:bringbrought,buyboug
4、ht,thinkthought,catchcaught,teachtaught11以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态动词过去式。如:cancould,shallshould,willwould12把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:comecame,becomebecame13在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:hearhiheardh:d,sayseisaidsed,meanmi:nmeantment14动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:letlet,mustmust,putput,readreadred15不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:am,iswas,arewere,bu
5、ildbuilt,dodid,eatate,fallfell,feelfelt,findfound,flyflew,gowent,havehashad,holdheld,leaveleft,makemade,maymight,runran,seesaw,taketook过去式“-ed的发音规则1动词词尾为“t,d时,发/id/音,wantwanted要needneeded需要2动词词尾为清辅音时,发/t/音。helphelped帮助laughlaughed笑looklooked看kisskissed吻washwashed洗watchwatched凝视3动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/
6、d/音。callcalled叫staystayed停留crycried哭动词过去式变化规则一、规则变化1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:workworkedplayplayedwantwantedaskasked2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:livelivedmovemovedtastetasted3、以“辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y改成i,加ed,如:studystudiestrytriedcopycopiedcarrycarried4、重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加ed,如:stopstopped二、不规则变化isamwasareweredodidhaveha
7、shadgowentmeetmetcomecametaketookstealstoleeatateflyfliewrunranseesawsaysaidmakemadefindfoundstandstoodsitsatsingsangdrinkdrankgivegaveringrangswimswamwritewroteriderodedrivedrovedrawdrewgrowgrewknowknewgetgotforgetforgotsweepsweptkeepkeptsleepsleptspeakspokebreakbroketelltoldsellsoldbuyboughtthinkt
8、houghtcatchcaughtteachtaughtbuildbuiltcancouldshallshouldwillwould过去式与动词原形一样:letletmustmustputputreadread三、动词过去式构成读音1、清辅音后读清辅音t清读清如:jumplike2、浊辅音后读浊辅音d浊读浊如:listenpull3、元音后面读浊辅音d元音后面读浊音如:waterplay4、td后面读idwantneed动词后加-ing的变化规则1英语动词加-ing,通常是在原形词尾直接加-ing构成:coughcoughing,climbclimbing,standstanding,figh
9、tfighting2以-e结尾的动词1假如动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾,一般应去掉e再加ing:writewriting,hopehoping,carecaring,starestaring,planeplaning,havehaving,savesaving,produceproducing,breathebreathing2以-ie结尾的动词应先将e去掉,将i变成y然后再加-ing:diedying,tietying,vievying,lielying3以-ee,oe,ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e:seeseeing,fleefleeing,freefreeing,agr
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