英语词根词缀记忆法大全.docx

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1、英语词根词缀记忆法大全名词的词形变化1.不规则复数形式1来自古英语的复数形式，如：child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethgoose-geeseman-menwoman-womenmouse-micelouse-liceox-oxenpenny-penceanalysis-analysesappendix-appendicesparenthesis-parenthesesbasis-basesellipsis-ellipsesaxis-axeshypothesis-hypothesesoasis-oasescrisis-crisescriterion-criteri

2、aphenomenon-phenomenadatum-datamedium-mediabacterium-bacterianucleus-nucleifungus-fungistimulus-stimulialumnus-alumnifocus-fociradius-radiiterminus-terminilarva-larvaealga-algaeformula-formulae现代美国英语中往往把data当做单数用，因而常见到复数形式datas。另外，lens是一个单数可数名词，其复数形式为lenses。1词尾读音为f并以f或0fe结尾的名词复数形式有下面几种情况：a规则形式：belie

3、f-beliefschief-chiefscliff-cliffsgrief-griefsb不规则形式，即把f或fe变成v，再加es,读音为vz:calf-calveshalf-halvesleaf-leaveslife-livesloaf-loavesself-shelvesthief-thieveswife-wiveswolf-wolvesc既可是规则形式又可是不规则形式：dwarf-dwarfs/dwarveshoof-hoofs/hovesscarf-scarfs/scarveswharf-wharfs/wharves3词干以o结尾的名次有三种情况：a附属形式为s：这类词包括缩略词ki

4、los,photos；表示国籍或民族的词Filipinos,Eskimos以及radios,solos,sopranos,studiosb复数形式为es，如：heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,Negroes。c复数有规则的和不规则的两种形式，如：cargo-cargos/cargoesmosquito-mosquitos/mosquitoesvolcano-volacbos/volcanoes2.单复数同形的名词1某些动物名词，如：deer,grouse,salmon,trout,carp,bison,sheep等2以ese或ss结尾的表示民族或国籍的名词，如：Chinses,

5、Japanese,Portuguese,Swiss,Vietnamese等3某些以s结尾的名词，如：barracks,corps,crossroads,gallows,headquarters,means,series,species,works等4某些表示计量单位的名词，如：horsepower,hertz,kilohertz,li,mu等其他一些名词，如：aircraft,spacercarft,craft,offspring等。其中请十分注意s结尾的单复数同形的名词，它们是考试的重点！3.不可数名词不可数名词前一般不需要加定冠词，永远不能加不定冠词！例如下列用法均属错误：themathe

6、maticsthebankingaclothanequipment不可数名词作主语，谓语要用单数形式。如：Waterisimportant.但假如不可数名词前面被piece,drop,set等词修饰时，谓语应该与piece,drop,set等的单复数形式保持一致例如：Fewdropsofwaterareneededtosavetheflower.下面是典型的不可数名词，是应该熟记的！air,smoke,steam,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,water,oil,soup,juice,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea,coffee,wine,sunli

7、ght,sunshine,lightning,thunder,weather,darkness,heat,light,electricity,energy,power,sugar,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,garbage,grass,hair,furniture,luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,toast,stone,iron,copper,chalk,paper,glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weapon

8、ry,personnel,scenery,happiness,kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wisdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth,ignorance,trouble,ease,luck,laughter,love,peace,news,information,knowledge,intelligence,fun,pleasure,entertainment,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work,homework,population,

9、percent,mathematics,econmics,statistics,meteorology,anthropology,architecture,physics,photography,ethics,politics,mechanics,genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,philosophy,biology,history,music,English,measles,mumps,diabetes,malaria,pediatrics,obsterics请十分注意其中以s结尾的不可数名词，大家平常应该积累碰到的不可数名词！注意下列可数名词！poe

10、tpoemessaynewspapermachineweaponscenephotographphotographer英语中有很多名词既可作可数，又可作不可数。如:hair作“人或动物的毛的时候是可数名词，作头发解释时是不可数名词。判定一个词能否可数，除了记忆以外，主要看题中该名词的修饰词来决定。如：much只能修饰不可数名词4.单数形式和复数形式的词义不同的名词英语中有些名词的复数形式的词义不同于单数形式，如：air(空气)-air(气派)arm(手臂)-arms(武器)ash(灰)-ashes(骨灰；废墟)authority(权利)-authorities(当局)cloth(织物)-clo

11、thes(衣服)content(含量)-contents(目录)custom(习惯)-customs(海关；关税)damage(损害)-damages(赔偿金)force(气力)-forces(武装部队)glass(玻璃)-glasses(眼镜)good(利益)-goods(货物)green(绿色)-greens(青菜)letter(字母)-letters(文学)manner(方式)-manners(举止，仪态)minute(分钟)-minutes(记录)pain(痛苦)-pains(劳苦)papaer(纸)-papers(文件)quarter(1/4)-quarter(宿舍)spectacl

12、e(光景)-spectacles(眼镜)spirit(精神)-spirits(烈性酒)time(时间)-times(时代)water(水)-waters(水域)wood(木头)-woods(森林)work(工作)-works(工厂)总结1.单数名词不能单独存在，一般前面应该有限定词修饰。2.不定冠词a/an永远只能修饰单数可数名词。3.every和each永远只能修饰单数可数名词。但every+数词+复数名词是正确的，如：everytenyears4.序数词后面一般使用单数可数名词。5.anther永远只修饰单数可数名词但another+数词/few+复数名词是正确的，如：anothereig

13、htyears;anotherfewbooks6.other通常修饰复数名词，可以修饰不可数名词。但theother+is/was单数名词或anyother+单数名词是正确的，如Wehavetwogirlsinthisteam.OneisMary,theotherisAlice.HenrySmithistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.7.下列词和短语只能修饰复数名词these,those,many,various,several,numerous,diverse,few,afew,both,a(good/large/great)numberof,numb

14、ersof,oneof8.大于1的词数只能修饰复数名词！谨记的构造：one/two/many+of+限定词+复数名词！9.只能修饰单数可数名词的词：one,anther,a/an,this,that,each,every,either,sucha,manya！注意！manystudent以及manyastudent10.只能修饰复数可数名词的词：1的数字two,six.),hundred,thousand,million,both,several,many,few,afew,these,those,a(good/large/great)numberofnumbersof,thenumberof,numbersof,numerous,various,diverse,aseriesof,awiderangeof,acollevtionof11.只修饰不可数名词的词：much,little,alitter,agreatdealof,agreatamountof,apieceof,anarticleof12.既可修饰不可数又能修饰可数的词：all(of)alotofsome(of)lotsofany(of)plentyofmost(of)half(of)awealthof(a)partofenough(of)therestofotheronethirdofsuchnoavarietyof