1月9日托福浏览真题答案及解析.docx

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1、1月9日托福浏览真题答案及解析1月9日托福浏览真题答案及解析在托福浏览考试中的篇幅比拟长，所以大家能够在备考期间多积累一些背景资料，能够帮助我们进行有效的练习，下面来看看2016年1月9日托福浏览真题答案及解析，以及本次考试中考到的背景资料有哪些?1月9日托福浏览真题答案及解析词汇题：durable=longlastsimultaneously=atthesametimerecognized=acceptedcaseinpoint=goodexamplethecourseofchange=thewaychangedevelopedcourteous=politebarring=excludin

2、gelevated=highincidence=frequencydismiss=rejecthasten=hurry1月9日托福浏览第一篇英国工业革命之后的大萧条原文回首：其他地方享受着工业革命带来成果时，英国人民却在水深炽热之中。造成这种萧条的原因来自工业革命本身，联通的便利使得其它国家的农作物涌进欧洲，英国不得不降低粮食价格来提高竞争力，降价就得提高产量，于是农作物生产过剩，无人消费。第二篇语言学原文回首：类似的语言来自同一种语言体系，语言在某一个时候被分化成很多支，时间越长，变化越大。不一样的地区有不一样的语言，然而一些类似的语言可能来自同一种语言体系。经过漫长的演变，各种语族的语法构

3、造都不同。不过这不影响研究，由于真正能反响人们想法和经历的是词汇。比方词汇里二十多种有关衣服的表达，那么这讲明这对他们有特殊意义，而且他们的母语都有这东西。相关背景学习：Linguistics第三篇白垩纪的物种大灭绝原文回首：恐龙在白垩纪灭绝是被广泛成认的，不过很多物种也是在这个时候灭绝的。恐龙灭绝还有一个原因是他繁衍太慢，有的动物比方鳄鱼就存活了下来。活下来的浮游生物大多有一种能力，不过界限两边的浮游生物化石有变化，浮游生物忽然减少，而在这里另一种生物的石化增加了，而且正好在同一沉积层。他们之间可能有某些联络。相关背景学习：ExtinctionInbiologyandecology,exti

4、nctionistheendofanorganismorofagroupoforganisms(taxon),normallyaspecies.Themomentofextinctionisgenerallyconsideredtobethedeathofthelastindividualofthespecies,althoughthecapacitytobreedandrecovermayhavebeenlostbeforethispoint.Becauseaspeciespotentialrangemaybeverylarge,determiningthismomentisdifficul

5、t,andisusuallydoneretrospectively.ThisdifficultyleadstophenomenasuchasLazarustaxa,whereaspeciespresumedextinctabruptlyreappears(typicallyinthefossilrecord)afteraperiodofapparentabsence.TheageoftheEarthisabout4.54billionyearsold.TheearliestundisputedevidenceoflifeonEarthdatesatleastfrom3.5billionyear

6、sago,duringtheEoarcheanEraafterageologicalcruststartedtosolidifyfollowingtheearliermoltenHadeanEon.Therearemicrobialmatfossilsfoundin3.48billion-year-oldsandstonediscoveredinWesternAustralia.Earlierphysicalevidencesoflifeincludegraphite,abiogenicsubstance,in3.7billion-year-oldmetasedimentaryrocksdis

7、coveredinsouthwesternGreenland,aswellas,remainsofbioticlifefoundin4.1billion-year-oldrocksinWesternAustralia.Accordingtooneoftheresearchers,IflifearoserelativelyquicklyonEarth.thenitcouldbecommonintheuniverse.Morethan99percentofallspecies,amountingtooverfivebillionspecies,thateverlivedonEarthareesti

8、matedtobeextinct.EstimatesonthenumberofEarthscurrentspeciesrangefrom10millionto14million,ofwhichabout1.2millionhavebeendocumentedandover86percenthavenotyetbeendescribed.Throughevolution,speciesarisethroughtheprocessofspeciationwherenewvarietiesoforganismsariseandthrivewhentheyareabletofindandexploit

9、anecologicalnicheandspeciesbecomeextinctwhentheyarenolongerabletosurviveinchangingconditionsoragainstsuperiorcompetition.Therelationshipbetweenanimalsandtheirecologicalnicheshasbeenfirmlyestablished.Atypicalspeciesbecomesextinctwithin10millionyearsofitsfirstappearance,althoughsomespecies,calledlivin

10、gfossils,survivewithvirtuallynomorphologicalchangeforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Massextinctionsarerelativelyrareevents;however,isolatedextinctionsarequitecommon.Onlyrecentlyhaveextinctionsbeenrecordedandscientistshavebecomealarmedatthecurrenthighrateofextinctions.Mostspeciesthatbecomeextinctarenevers

11、cientificallydocumented.Somescientistsestimatethatuptohalfofpresentlyexistingplantandanimalspeciesmaybecomeextinctby2100.托福词汇之态度词汇使用方法证明：verify,prove,substantiate,corroborate,confirm反驳：refute,disprove,controvert,contradict支持(认可):endorse,support,encourage,reinforce,countenance,approve反对(抗议)：oppose,de

12、mur,deprecate,quibble,defy肯定，断言：aver,assert,affirm,proclaim否认：deny,gainsay,repudiate,disclaim,negate托福词汇分类之情绪感受ModdsandFeelings情绪与感受1.wonderfuladj.极好的2.marvelousadj.极棒的3.terrificadj.极佳的4.fantasticadj.太棒的5.goodadj.好的6.fineadj.健康的7.badadj.不好的8.horribleadj.糟透的9.terribleadj.极糟糕的10.happyadj.快乐开心的11.gladadj.高兴的12.angryadj.生气的13.jealousadj.忌妒的14.nervousadj.紧张的15.lonelyadj.寂寞的16.afraidadj.害怕的17.sorryadj.难过遗憾的18.homesickadj.想家的19.envyadj.羡慕20.unhappyadj.悲惨不快乐的21.sadadj.悲戚的1月9日托福浏览真题答案及解析