【解题技巧】实例讲解托福浏览句意解释题答题策略.docx
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1、【解题技巧】实例讲解托福浏览句意解释题答题策略【解题技巧】实例讲解托福浏览句意解释题答题策略在备考托福浏览之前,最为重要的除了词汇和句型的把握之外,就是托福的浏览中的各种题型的解题技巧。在下面的内容中,小站教育将为大家带来关于句意解释题的解答方法,希望对于题型的解答方法能为大家的备考带来帮助。【解题技巧】实例讲解托福浏览句意解释题答题策略在托福浏览中,有一类题目就是用本人的语言来改写文章中的句子或者段落,以不同的方式重新陈述另一句话,这样的题目,也通常被称为句意解释题也有人称其为变换措辞题。其答题的关键要点就是保留其内容,而不改变原来句子的意思。应对这样类型的题目,我们有应对策略呢?下面为大家
2、进行具体的分析一下。这类型题目的题干表达为:Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.解决这类题目的三种方法:第一种:在保持原句序基本不变的前提下进行重点词汇或者词组的同义替换;第二种:在句序不变的前提下再进行重点词汇或者词组的同义替换;第三种:对原句进行总结性重复。下面我们通过一个例子来看
3、这些方法的详细应用:SmallmarketersshouldbelessconcernedwithwhetherU.S.andEuropeanconsumersarealikeandmoreconcernedwithmonitoringthevarietyoffactorsthataccountforpotentialsimilaritiesanddifferences.Attentiontothedynamicnatureofthosefactorswillproduceopportunitiesforthealertmarketer.Whichofthesentencesbelowbest
4、expressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.AmarketerwhoisnotsosmartshouldbemoreconcernedwiththedifferenceofeatinghabitsbetweenU.S.andEuropeanconsumersandlessconcernedwithmonitoringthevarietyoffact
5、orsthataccountforpotentialsimilaritiesanddifferences.ItisnotimportantwhetherU.S.andEuropeanconsumershaveasimilareatinghabit.Itisthepotentialsimilaritiesanddifferencesthatpeopleshouldbemoreconcernedwith.Marketersshouldfocusonthefactorsthataccountfordifferenceratherthanthedifferencethemselves.Monitori
6、ngthevarietyoffoodscouldexplainthepotentialsimilaritiesanddifferences.解题:首先,我们来分析这个句子,整个主句的主语为Small-marketers,谓语为be-concerned-with,宾语为factors,这个分析完成之后,我们采用同意替换的方法,替换其中的重点词组-谓语beconcernedwith,其同义词为focuson。这样替换完之后把两个句子的意思进行比拟,得出正确答案C。这道题目采用了第一种方法。托福浏览真题1Prehistoricmammothshavebeenpreservedinthefamoust
7、arpitsofRanchoLaBrea(BreaistheSpanishwordfortar)inwhatisnowtheheartofLosAngeles,California.Thesetarpitshavebeenknownforcenturiesandwereformerlyminedfortheirnaturalasphalt,ablackorbrownpetroleum-likesubstance.Thousandsoftonswereextractedbefore1875,whenitwasfirstnoticedthatthetarcontainedfossilremains
8、.Majorexcavationswereundertakenthatestablishedthesignificanceofthisremarkablesite.Thetarpitswerefoundtocontaintheremainsofscoresofspeciesofanimalsfromthelast30,000yearsoftheIceAge.Sincethen,over100tonsoffossils,1.5millionfromvertebrates,2.5millionfrominvertebrates,havebeenrecovered,oftenindenselycon
9、centratedandtangledmasses.Thecreaturesfoundrangefrominsectsandbirdstogiantgroundsloths,butatotalof17proboscides(animalswithaproboscisorlongnose)includingmastodonsandColumbianmammothshavebeenrecovered,mostofthemfromPit9,thedeepestbone-bearingdeposit,whichwasexcavatedin1914.Mostofthefossilsdatetobetwe
10、en40,000and10,000yearsago.TheasphaltatLaBreaseepstothesurface,especiallyinthesummer,andformsshallowpuddlesthatwouldoftenhavebeenconcealedbyleavesanddust.Unwaryanimalswouldbecometrappedonthesethinsheetsofliquidasphalt,whichareextremelystickyinwarmweather.Stuck,theunfortunatebeastswoulddieofexhaustion
11、andhungerorfallpreytopredatorsthatoftenalsobecamestuck.Astheanimalsdecayed,morescavengerswouldbeattractedandcaughtintheirturn.Carnivoresgreatlyoutnumberherbivoresinthecollection:foreverylargeherbivore,thereisonesaber-toothcat,acoyote,andfourwolves.Thefactthatsomebonesareheavilyweatheredshowsthatsome
12、bodiesremainedabovethesurfaceforweeksormonths.Bacteriaintheasphaltwouldhaveconsumedsomeofthetissuesotherthanbones,andtheasphaltitselfwoulddissolvewhatwasleft,atthesametimeimpregnatingandbeautifullypreservingthesaturatedbones,renderingthemdarkbrownandshiny.1.WhataspectoftheLaBreatarpitsdoesthepassage
13、mainlydiscuss?(A)Theamountofasphaltthatwasminedthere(B)Thechemicalandbiologicalinteractionsbetweenasphaltandanimals(C)Thefossilremainsthathavebeenfoundthere(D)Scientificmethodsofdeterminingtheageoftarpits2.InusingthephrasetheheartofLosAngelesinline2,theauthoristalkingaboutthecitys(A)beautifuldesign(
14、B)centralarea(C)basicneeds(D)suppliesofnaturalasphalt3.Thewordnoticedinline5closestinmeaningto(A)predicted(B)announced(C)corrected(D)observed4.Thewordtangledinline10isclosestinmeaningto(A)buriedbeneath(B)twistedtogether(C)quicklyformed(D)easilydated5.Thewordtheminline13refersto(A)insects(B)birds(C)c
15、loths(D)proboscideans6.HowmanyproboscideanshavebeenfoundattheLaBreatarpits?(A)9(B)17(C)1.5million(D)2.5million7.Thewordconcealedinline17isclosestinmeaningto(A)highlighted(B)covered(C)transformed(D)contaminated8.Whydoestheauthormentionanimalssuchascoyotesandwolvesinparagraph4?(A)Togiveexamplesofanima
16、lsthatareclassifiedascarnivores(B)TospecifytheanimalsfoundleastcommonlyatLaBrea(C)Toarguethattheseanimalswereespeciallylikelytoavoidextinction.(D)Todefinethetermscavengers托福浏览真题2Oneareaofpaleoanthropologicalstudyinvolvestheeatinganddietaryhabitsofhominids,erectbipedalprimatesincludingearlyhumans.Iti
17、sclearthatatsomestageofhistory,humansbegantocarrytheirfoodtocentralplaces,calledhomebases,whereitwassharedandconsumedwiththeyoungandotheradults.Theuseofhomebasesisafundamentalcomponentofhumansocialbehavior;thecommonmealservedatacommonhearthisapowerfulsymbol,amarkofsocialunity.Homebasebehaviordoesnot
18、occuramongnonhumanprimatesandisrareamongmammals.Itisunclearwhenhumansbegantousehomebases,whatkindofcommunicationsandsocialrelationswereinvolved,andwhattheecologicalandfood-choicecontextsoftheshiftwere.Workonearlytools,surveysofpaleoanthropologicalsites,developmentandtestingofbroadecologicaltheories,
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