2022年高三英语开学大串讲阅读理解专题精讲.docx

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1、阅读理解专题精讲课前准备：精选的阅读词汇A： 构词法助记构词法动词v.名词n.形容词adj.副词adv.1、合成deadline截止日期website网站online在线；线上2、转化3、派生province省；领域provincial adj. 省的，州的；领地的；地方的，乡下的；粗野的，鄙俗的govern vt. 管理；支配；统治；控制vi. 居支配地位；进行统治government政府apply vt.应用；涂；使专心从事vi.申请；有关联application n. 应用；申请；应用程序；敷用availability n. 可用性；有效性；实用性available adj.可获得的；可

2、购得的；可找到的；有空的employ vt. 雇用；使用，利用employment n. 使用；职业；雇用unemploymentn. 失业；失业状况3、派生select vt. 选择；挑选selection n. 选择，挑选；选集；精选品selective adj.选择的；选择性的；精挑细选的relate v.表达；使有联系；有关联；涉及；符合；发生共鸣relation n.关系；联系；亲戚relative n.亲属，亲戚；相关物；亲缘植物或动物；语法学关系词relative adj. 相关的;相对的;相互有关的;比拟而言的disability n. 无力，无能；残疾；法无能力disable

3、d adj. 残废的，有缺陷的短语depend on依赖，依靠 all year round整年 provides sb. with sth.提供某物给某人 in the fall在秋天=in the autumn a variety of许多种 require sb. to do sth.要求某人去做某事local natural resource management projects当地自然资源管理工程 注意run vi.跑 vt.经营；管理课后进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习及默写。2022年全国卷I阅读理解ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial

4、 government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the programNot a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start bu

5、sinesses all year roundJobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible符合条件for this program Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with trainingWho is eligible：Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fallStewardship Youth Ranger

6、Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summerSummer Employment Opportunities时机Who is eligible： Students aged 15 or olderSome positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disabili

7、tyAIt requires no training before employmentBIt provides awards for running new businessesCIt allows one to work in the natural environmentDIt offers more summer job opportunities22What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A15-18 B15-24 C15-29 D16-1723Which program favors th

8、e disabled?CStewardship Youth Ranger Program DSummer Employment Opportunities课后进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习。2022年全国卷I阅读理解A：体裁应用文题材广告主题兼职活动概要本文介绍了学生在暑期可以兼职的四个工程。题号答案重点考查的能力：获取具体信息的能力信息的综合分析能力理解主旨要义的能力推断归纳的能力根据上下文推测词义的能力干扰项特点：无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、经验意识、数据迷惑、局部正确等。注意提取题干的关键词，做到事半功倍！还有命题顺序原那么！命题点启示：熟悉干扰项手段，淡定应对！做好词汇拓展复习：

9、派生词、同义、近义、反义等，关注语义场的运用！21B 获取具体信息的能力题干关键词：special, Summer CompanyB选项对应Summer Company内容，文章中出现awards奖金awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses，对应B选项It provides awards for running new businesses.其余选项属于：无中生有、张冠李戴逐一排除，寻找信息支撑！22D 获取具体信息的能力D选项对应Stewardship Youth Ranger Program的年龄

10、范围，其余选项对不上，属于数据迷惑。逐一排除，寻找信息支撑！23D 获取具体信息的能力题干关键词：favors the disabled对应文章末尾for persons with a disability派生词互助课前准备：精选的阅读词汇B：构词法助记构词法动词v.名词n.形容词adj.副词adv.1、合成2、转化support 支持support支持praise表扬praise表扬3、派生pronounce发音pronunciation 发音difficulty困难difficult困难的amaze使吃惊amazement吃惊amazing令人惊叹的amazed感到惊叹的amazingly

11、令人惊叹地confidence自信心confident自信的confidently自信地president总统；总裁；董事长presidential总统的；首长的短语next to在近旁；仅次于；紧接 brings to a conclusion做个总结 at the beginning of在开头 make mistakes犯错误佳句欣赏1. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking2. when called upon to read, Chris would

12、excuse himself to go to the bathroom3. Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience课后进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习及默写。BFor Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue, NY，today is speech day ,and right now its Chris Palaezs turn The 8-year-old is the joker of the class With shining dark ey

13、es, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speakingBut hes nervous“Im here to tell you today why you should shouldChris trips on the“ld,a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers His teacher ,Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support“Vote for me Except for

14、some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly wellWhen he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise himA son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago Whaley recalls回想起how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read,

15、Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroomLearning English as a second language can be a painful experience What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes “It takes a lot for any student, Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to

16、feel confident enough to say, I dont know, but I want to knowWhaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president The answer broke his heart Whaley says the project is about more

17、 than just learning to read and speak in public He wants these kids to learn to boast夸耀about themselves“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities, Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident24What made Chris nervous？ATelling a storyBMaking a s

18、peechCTaking a testDAnswering a question25What does the underlined word “stumbles in paragraph 2 refer to?AImproper pauses BBad mannersCSpelling mistakes DSilly jokes26We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _Ahelp students see their own strengthsBassess students public speaking skill

19、sCprepare students for their future jobs Dinspire students love for politics27Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?AHumorous BAmbitiousCCaring DDemanding2022年全国卷I阅读理解B： 体裁记叙文题材教育主题竞选演说概要本文由学生Chris发表竞选演说的经历引出老师Thomas Whaley利用竞选演说鼓励同学们学会赞美自己，帮助其提升自信，走向成功。 题号答案重点考查的能力：获取具体信息的能力信息的综

20、合分析能力理解主旨要义的能力推断归纳的能力根据上下文推测词义的能力干扰项特点：无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、经验意识、数据迷惑、局部正确等。注意提取题干的关键词，做到事半功倍！还有命题顺序原那么！命题点启示：熟悉干扰项手段，淡定应对！做好词汇拓展复习：派生词、同义、近义、反义等，关注语义场的运用！24B 获取具体信息的能力题干关键词：What made Chris nervous?选项B的关键词speech对应第一段中的speech和第二段首句中的nervous，Chris在进行竞选演说时感到非常紧张。留意命题顺序原那么！25A根据上下文推测词义的能力关键句But hes nervous. “

21、Im here to tell you today why you should should关键词：nervous对应A选项Improper pauses注意but，however或instead，on the contrary等表示转折的词汇后面的内容常常是关键所在！26A 推断归纳的能力题干关键词：infer the purpose文章关键句He wants these kids to learn to boast夸耀about themselves推断作者的意图，需留意一些表达目的和意图的词汇，如：purpose, aim, want to , decide to, determine

22、 to, be to, be about to, be going to27C 信息的综合分析能力题干关键词：describe Whaley as a teacher文章关键句His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering supporthumorous幽默的 ambitious 雄心勃勃的caring 关心人的 demanding要求高的；苛刻的课前准备：精选的阅读词汇C ：构词法助记构词法动词v.名词n.形容词adj.副词adv.1、合成fingerprint n.指纹；特征keyboard n. 键盘password n.口令

23、；密码straightforward adj.易懂的；笔直的；坦率的plastic-like类似塑料的2、转化3、派生identify vt. 识别，认出；确定；使参与；把看成一样vi. 确定；认同identity n.一致；身份；特征identification n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明precise adj. 精确的；明确的；严格的precisely adv.精确地measure v.测量；比拟；给予；权衡measure n.措施；量度；尺寸；程度；方法measurement n. 量度;份量，尺寸;测量法;量得的尺寸press vt. 压，按;逼迫;紧抱vi. 压;逼迫;重压pr

24、essure n.压强；压力；压迫secure vt. 保护;使获得;使平安；担保vi. 获得平安，变得平安；承保security n. 平安；保证；证券；抵押品adj. 平安的；保安的；保密的secure adj. 平安的;牢固的;有把握的;安心的analyze vt. 对进行分析，分解等于analyseanalysis n.分析；解析determine vt. 决定，确定；判定，判决；限定vi. 确定；决定；判决，终止 determination n. 决心；果断；决定determined adj.坚决的；坚决的；果断的；确定的，既定的extend vt. &vi.延伸；扩大；推广；伸出；

25、给予extension n. 伸展，扩大;延长，延期;医牵引; 分机differ vt. 使相异；使不同vi. 相异；意见分歧difference n. 差异；不同；争执different adj. 不同的；个别的，与众不同的differently adv.不同地describe vt. 描写，形容;表达;描绘，作图description n. 描述，描写；类型；说明书descriptive adj.描述的；表达的volunteer vi. 自愿vt. 自愿volunteer n. 志愿者；志愿兵voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的voluntarily adv.自动地；以自由意志col

26、lect v.收集；聚集；募捐collection n. 采集，聚集；税收 征收；收藏品；募捐recognize vt. 认出，识别；成认vi. 确认，成认；具结recognition n. 识别；成认，认出；重视；赞誉；公认recognizable adj. 可识别的；可认识的；可成认的participate vi.参加；参与participant n.参与者participation n.参加；参与commercialize vt. 使商业化；使商品化commerce n. 贸易；商业；商务commercial adj. 商业的;贸易的;营利的;靠广告收入的n. 电台或电视播放的广告exp

27、ense n.费用；花费；代价expensive adj. 昂贵的，花钱多的；豪华的inexpensive adj.廉价的；廉价的固搭apply to适用于；运用；致力于；涂抹 apply for申请 give access to接近be connected to 把.连上 be connected with 把.与.连接起来regardless of不管， 不顾 come up with提出；想出sb. be familiar with sth.某人对.熟悉 sth./sb. be familiar to sb.某物或某人对某人来说很熟悉课后进行主题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习及默写。CIt

28、also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently28Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?ATo reduce pressure on keys BTo improve accuracy in typing CTo replace the password system DTo cut the cos

29、t of e-space protection29What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？CTyping patterns vary from person to person DData security measures are guaranteed30What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？AItll be environment-friendly BItll reach consumers soonCItll be made of plastics

30、DItll help speed up typing31Where is this text most likely from?AA diary BA guidebook CA novel DA magazine2022年全国卷I阅读理解C：体裁说明文题材科学技术主题智能键盘身份识别技术概要本文介绍了一种用智能键盘进行身份识别的技术。题号答案重点考查的能力：获取具体信息的能力信息的综合分析能力理解主旨要义的能力推断归纳的能力根据上下文推测词义的能力干扰项特点：无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、经验意识、数据迷惑、局部正确等。注意提取题干的关键词，做到事半功倍！还有命题顺序原那么！命题点启示：熟悉干

31、扰项手段，淡定应对！做好词汇拓展复习：派生词、同义、近义、反义等，关注语义场的运用！28D信息的综合分析能力第一段第二句关键词： expensive, though第二段第一句come up with a low-cost device装置that gets around this problem解决这个问题留意命题顺序原那么！29C 信息的综合分析能力根据第二段的内容可知，智能键盘能够准确地测量人们打字的节奏和力度，而打字模式因人而异，因此，智能键盘通过分析用户的打字模式进行身份识别，应选C。 原文没有信息支撑A、B项，属于无中生有，可排除；根据第一段的内容可知，数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍

32、，数据平安并未得到保障，故可排除D项。逐一排除，寻找信息支撑！30B 推断归纳的能力据第四段的最后一句“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future可知，该研究团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场，应选B。31D 推断归纳的能力diary“日记；guidebook“旅行指南；novel“小说；magazine“杂志，应选D。课前准备：精选的阅读词汇D：构词法助记构词法动词v.名词n.形容词adj.副词adv.1、合成rose n. 玫瑰；粉红色；蔷薇花rosy adj.粉红色的；红润的；美好的；乐观的well-explored深

33、入探究的2、转化rise (rose, risen) v.上升; 提高; 到达较高水平(或位置);起来; 升起rise n.数量或水平的增加，提高；重要性、优势、权力等的增强rank vt.& vi. 排列，使成横排；把分类rank n. 阶层，等级；军衔；次序，顺序；行列tap v.轻敲；轻拍；轻叩； (用)轻轻叩击；开发tap n.水龙头；旋塞；轻击；轻拍；轻敲experience vt. 亲身参与，亲身经历；感受experience n. 经验，体验；经历，阅历3、派生popularize vt.普及；使流行；使通俗化popularity n. 普及，流行；名气；受群众欢送popular

34、 adj. 流行的，受欢送的；群众的；普及的psychology n.心理；心理学psychologist n.心理学家，心理学者like v.喜欢；想；愿意n.类似的人或物prep.像 conj.如同likability n.可爱likable adj.可爱的；讨人喜欢的seek (sought, sought) vt.& vi. 谋求；寻求；依法要求seeker n.寻找者；寻求者； 追求者strengthen v.加强；变巩固strength n. 力量；力气；兵力；长处strong adj. 坚强的；强壮的；牢固的；擅长的adv. 强劲地；猛烈地adolescence n. 青春期ad

35、olescent n. 少年，少女adolescent adj. 青春期的;青少年的;未成熟的honor vt.尊敬；使荣幸；对.表示敬意；兑现honor n.荣誉；荣幸；尊敬；信用；正直 honorable adj. 荣耀的；可敬的；高贵的behave v.表现；行为behavior n.表现；行为consequence n.结果；后果；重要性；影响consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的consequently adv. 所以，因此;因此；终于aggressive adj.侵略的；进攻性的；好斗的；有进取心的aggressively adv. 侵略地；攻击地；剧烈地adjust

36、 vt. 调整，使适合；校准vi. 调整，校准adjustment n. 调解，调整;调节器;调解，调停kindness n.仁慈; 善良; 体贴; 宽容; 友好kind adj.体贴的; 慈祥的; 友好的; 宽容的n.同类的人(或事物); 种类kindly adv. 亲切地；温和地；仁慈地open vt.& vi. 打开;开始;睁开;启动vt. 张开；开放；开张营业openness n. 空旷;开阔;公开;率真open adj. 敞开的，开着的;公开的，公共的;坦率的;有议论余地的analyze vt. 对进行分析，分解等于analyseanalysis n.分析；解析短语smoke cig

37、arettes抽烟, break rules破坏规那么 play jokes on others戏弄其他人sort into 把.分类 interpersonal skills 人际关系技巧have the opposite effect on 对有相反影响 gain an advantage获取好处佳句Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. 讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活结果密切相关，而且也会促使产生这些结果。课后进行主

38、题材料关键词的积累和拓展复习及默写。DDuring the rosy years of elementary school小学, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status I was the queen of the playground Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smok

39、ing cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myselfPopularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories： the likable and the status seekers The likables plays-well-w

40、ith-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence： status born of power and even dishonorable behaviorEnviable as the cool kids may ha

41、ve seemed, DrPrinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage从事in dangerous and risky behaviorDrPrinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you o

42、n a play date-sharing, kindness, openness carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others32What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?AUnkind BLonely CGenerous DCool33What is the second paragraph mainly about？AThe classification of t

43、he popularBThe characteristics of adolescentsCThe importance of interpersonal skillsDThe causes of dishonorable behavior34What did DrPrinsteins study find about the most liked kids?AThey appeared to be aggressiveBThey tended to be more adaptableCThey enjoyed the highest statusDThey performed well academically35What is the best title for the text?ABe Nice-You Wont Finish Last BThe Higher the Status, the BetterCBe the Best-You Can Make It DMore Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness2022年全国卷I阅读理解D：体裁说明文题材研究发现主题青少年中小学阶段的受欢送类型概要本文主要探讨了青少年小学与中