中考英语语法思维导图之定语从句.docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考英语定语从句精讲定语形容词介词短语非谓语动词短语前置I have a good friend.后置I want to do something interesting.后置The boy in white is my friend.后置I dont have a house to live in.修饰名词或代词的成分常译为“的”句子后置I like students who like English.定语从句结构图解定语从句引导词特殊情况注意事项先行词是人，用who先行词非人，用which宾格whom用that不用which的条件用which不用that的条件无引

2、导词：先行词在定从中作宾语，引导词可省略先行词在定从中作主语，定从谓动单复数由先行词决定one of+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用复数the (only) one of, the very/right+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用单数作定语的句子，即“的”可以作名词或代词的定语万能钥匙that引导词用that，不用which的条件先行词前有最高级修饰；或先行词就是最高级；先行词前有序数词修饰；或先行词就是序数词；先行词前有the only, the right, the last, just, the same, the very等词修饰；先行词是不定代词all, everything, one等

3、词；或先行词前有不定代词修饰时；先行词中既有人又有物；主句是which或who引导的特殊疑问句；There be 句型中引导词用which，不用that的条件引导词前有介词，如：in which;on which;with whom先行词是that, those不用that的条件介词后用whom，which，不用that人主who关系代词引导词人宾whom物主/宾which人/物主/宾that人/物定whose=of whom人 =of which物时间状when=in which/ on which=at which关系副词地点状where=in which/ at which原因状why=

4、for which（三年经典）2011-2013全国各地中考英语试题精选：定语从句【2011广西百色】 34.The policeman caught the thief _ has stolen Mr. Lis computer. A. which B. whose C. whom D. who答案： D【解析】考查定语从句的引导词，which 用于指事儿；whose“谁的”； whom“谁”是宾格； who“谁”，是主格，先行词指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，所以要用主作格。(2011桂林）37. The basketball _ I bought yesterday cost me 80

5、yuan. A. thatB. whereC. whoD. when37.答案：A【解析】连词的用法。定语从句的连接词根据先行词来判断，先行词为人时用who或that，先行词为物时用which或that.此题中先行词basketball为物因此用that，故选A。【河北省2011】43. The teacherscame for a visit are foreigners.A. who B. whomC. whose D. which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。who 指代人，在从句做主语和宾语；whom指代人，在从句做宾语；whose指代谁的，在从句做定语；which指代物，在

6、从句做主语和宾语。此处修饰先行词是“人”而且在从句中作主语，用who引导。故选A。【2011河南省】32. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion_ you had with your dad yesterday.a. what B. which C. when D. who32.答案：考查定语从句。该句的先行词为the discussion，故用which做关系代词，在从句中做宾语。语意：告诉我你和你父亲讨论的结果。注意：what不是关系词；when做关系副词在从句中做时间状语；who做关系代词时，先行词必须是人。【2011黑龙江绥化市】（）18

7、. This is the camera_my uncle gave me for my birthday.A. which B. who C. what答案：A【解析】本题考查定语从句。句中先行词是名词camera，故用that或which。【2011广西南宁市】31.My grandparents like to live in a house _ is not very big but bright and comfortable. A.that B.who C.what D.whose31. 答案：A【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句的连接词根据先行词来判断，先行词为人时用who或that

8、，先行词为物时用which或that.此题中先行词house为物因此用that，故选A。【2011贵州贵阳】41. Mary Smith says she likes to have friends_ are different from her.A. whose B. which C. who答案：C【解析】这里考查的是定语从句，先行词是人，故排除B，同时又在从句中作主语，故应用who。【2011湖南湘西】24. Do you know the girl _ is singing in the classroom?A. when B. who C. which答案：B 【解析】考查定语从句的

9、引导词 定语从句修饰人时用that 和 who，这里只能选B.(2011湖南岳阳中考) 30.I cant forget the timethe earthquake happened in Yushu. A. when B. which C. where 解析：本题考查定语从句。the time表时间，故答案选A。【2011山东滨州】33. I hate people _dont help others when they are in trouble. A. whoB. which C. whose D. where答案：A【解析】考查定语从句的用法。由先行词people 决定定语从句的引

10、导词指人，并且作主语，因此排除B，D。whose“谁的”，用作定语，故选A。【浙江湖州】 21. What kind of movies do you like? I like the movies _ are about Chinese history. A. who B. whom C. whose D. that答案：D【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：你喜欢哪种电影？我喜欢关于中国历史的影片。先行词the movies为物，要用指物的关系代词that。排除其他选项。故选D。【2011浙江衢州】23. The photos successfully show the rich cultu

11、re _makes Beijing so famous. A. what B. which C. who D. why 答案：B 【解析】定语从句。定语从句修饰 the rich culture, 先行词是物，用which。【2011四川成都】34. The old man asked the girl to take another seat he wanted to sit next to his wife.A. because B. so that C. so答案：B 【解析】考查连词及状语从句。由句意知:那位老人让那个女孩坐另一座位的“目的”就是想坐到妻子旁边。故用so that（以便

12、）引导目的状语从句。【2011四川成都】42. Kate was so gladshe received a Christmas gift from his grandparents away in Thailand.A. that B. when C. if答案：B 【解析】考查连词及状语从句。句意：Kate收到她远在泰国的祖父母的礼物时，是那么的高兴。注意:不要误认为是“so.that”引导的结果状语从句。因为后面从句不是前面主句的结果。【2011四川绵阳】14. The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to g

13、et married.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 答案：C【解析】考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人，作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语，而“the girl”指人，故选C。12.【2011扬州】One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou _ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.A. wh

14、at B. whoC. thatD. /答案：C【解析】定语从句。根据句意：被外国旅游者参观的最著名的地方是西湖。Are often visited by foreigners修饰先行词places。【2011湖北黄冈】38. Who is your new head teacher this semester? The woman _ is wearing a red skirt.A. whom B. who C.whose D. which答案：B【解析】关系代词的用法。本题先行词“the woman”为“人”，故选择关系代词who。【2011铜仁】32. Li Mei is the st

15、udent _ handwriting is the best in our class.A. whose B. whom C. who D. that答案：A【解析】定语从句的用法。who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。由handwriting可推断关系代词做定语，故选A。【2011呼和浩特】10. - Is there anyone here name isBetty? - Sorry, I dont know. A. who B. which C.whom D. whose【答案】D

16、【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词anyone 是人，在定语从句中做name的定语，所以应用关系代词whose。【2011四川达州】24.Where did you go last week? I went to Zhang Aipings hometown and visited the house he was born in. A. that B. there C. who D. whose答案：A【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法。根据上下文语境语意：-上个星期你去哪了？-我去了张爱萍的家乡，参观了她出生的地方。先行词“that”修饰“house”，故本题选A。【2011四川南充】26. Is

17、 that the man_ helped us a lot after the earthquake?A. which B. who C. whom答案：B 【解析】考查定语从句及关系代词用法辨析。句中先行词为the man,又因为关系词需要做helped的主语，故选who。注意：用which时，先行词只能是物；而whom只能做宾语。（2011四川资阳）20.I hear that Lilys brother is a worker here. Look, the man _ is working over there is her brother. A. who B. whom C. wh

18、at D. which答案：A【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。who “代替人”作主语或者宾语；whom “代替人”作宾语；what不用于宾语从句；which“代替物”作主语或者宾语；先行词为人， 在从句中作主语。故选A。【2011天津】44. John is the boy_ legs were badly hurt in the accident. A. whose B. that C. who D. which答案：A 【解析】 定语从句。 先行词是人排除D，根据句意：谁的腿，用Whose。【2011清远】33. Have you read the book _ is about the

19、 moon?A. what B. it C. / D. which答案D【解析】考查定语从句引导词。前置语为the book名词，用which代替。it 和what不能作定语从句的引导词。【2011宁夏】( )23. Do you know the girl _is talking to our English teacher?Yes. Shes my sister.A. who B. whom C. which D. Whose答案：A【2011河源】32.I hate those _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A.who B.wh

20、ich C.what D.where答案：A【2011哈尔滨】29. Get new knowledge by reviewing the old is a famous saying by Confucius(孔子). He was a great thinkerwords still have a great effect on millions of people around the world today.A. whoB. whos C. whose答案：C【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为人(thinker)，引导词后的成分(words)，words的定语为先行词。故用whos

21、e。【2011乌鲁木齐】30. We dont like people _ talk too much but never do anything.A.whose B.who C.when D.which【答案】B【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词people是人，在定语从句中做主语，故用关系代词who.【2011梧州】43. Do you know the boy _ is standing under the tree?- Yes, he is my friend, Peter. A. what B. who C. whom D. whose【答案】B【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词the bo

22、y是“人”，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who.【2011福建莆田】37. What did he say just now?He asked me_,A. when my sister came backB. when did my sister come backC. when will my sister come back答案A【解析】宾语从句的考查。宾语从句应该是陈述句语序，主句中he asked me是一般过去时，故从句也应该是过去时态总的一种。【2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔】31.Do you knowthe girl in white is?Im not sure. Maybe

23、she is a doctor.A. how B. where C. what答案：C【2011浙江杭州】23. Who is the man _ is reading a book over there? A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. What答案：A【解析】定语从句的用法。句意：那边正在读书的人是谁？先行词man指人，从句中缺少主语，用that。whose做从句的定语。which做引导词时，先行词必须指物。故选A。【2011浙江金华】26. Do you know ? Sorry, I dont have a watch.A. whose watch this is

24、B. whose watch is thisC. what time it is D. what time is it答案：C 【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句应为陈述语序。排除B和D。由答语句意“我没有手表”可推断问句提问的是时间。故选C。【2011山东临沂】24. Peter likes music _is very loud and energetic. A. that B. who C. whom D. / 答案：A 【解析】定语从句引导词的用法。由句意“彼得喜欢声音大而且有力量的音乐”可知后句为定语从句。that 用来指人或物，who 用来指人，which 用来指物。先行词为物，

25、在句中作主语，且不可省略，用that。故选A。【2011浙江舟山】23. There will be a stamp show in the museum _ we visited last week. A. who B. whenC. whichD. what答案：C【解析】关系代词的用法。 此处先行词是museum，是事物，应该用关系代词which替代museum。【2011四川内江】35. Im going to start a club to help students _ are not interested in schoolwork.A. whose B. who C. whom

26、答案：B 【解析】考查定语从句。根据句意，我打算创办一个兴趣小组去帮助那些对学习不感兴趣的学生。从help students看出应该使用指人的关系代词，而且作从句的主语。故选B。【2011株洲】Gina loves singers _ write their own music. A. which B. who C. has worked答案：B【解析】定语从句的用法。本句意思为“吉娜喜欢自己作曲的歌手”，后面write their own music “自己作曲”做定语修饰singer“歌手”，而which一般引导事物，who一般用于引导人，本题用于修饰singer是一个人，因此空格处的关系

27、代词为who。【2011广州】The story _ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.A. whose B. who C. that D. where4.答案:C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在报纸上我读的故事是关于青少年一个普遍的问题。先行词指物，且做宾语，故选C。【2011湖北十堰】38. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest l

28、ast year. A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which答案：A 【解析】定语从句。从several of the students看出应用关系代词who指人。故选A。【2011肇庆】30. People from different places come to visit Zhaoqing _ is famous for its beautiful mountains and lakes. A. what B. whichC. who答案：B【解析】定语从句的引导词。先行词是Zhaoqing，是地方，排除C；what不能作定语从句的引导词。【2011湖南长沙】28.

29、-What are you looking for? -Im looking for the book _ you lent me yesterday. A. that B. who C. whose 答案：A【解析】定语从句。句意：你在找什么？我在找你昨天借给我的那本书。you lent me yesterday做定语修饰the book，故应该用that引导，故答案为A。【2011广东】44. The first thing _ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.A. whichB. thatC. w

30、hyD. who 答案： B【解析】本题考查定语从句that的用法。在定语从句中先行词为当先行词是不定代词all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one, thing时，不定代词用that. 在定语从句中当先行词为物时，用which或that; C项为副词，在定语从句充当状语，与题意不符，故排除。D项当先行词为人时，用who或whom. 故选B。【2011本溪】10. He is a person _ is easy to get along with. A. whoB. whichC. whomD. wha

31、t答案：A【2011山东菏泽】31. I ll never forget the day_ the great scientist came to our school and gave us a speech. A. that B. which C. when D. where 答案： C【解析】定语从句的用法。句意：我从来不会忘记这位伟大的科学家来我们学校给我们做演讲的这一天。从句中有主语，也有宾语，可判断先行词做状语，表示时间用when。that和which是关系代词，做主语或宾语；where做状语时表示地点。故选C。【2011湖南株洲】28. People often like clo

32、thes _ can make them look young.A. whenB. whoC. that 【答案】C考查定语从句的引导词。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导，故选C。【2012贵州贵阳】37. “What do you think of the school uniforms?”“Very good. I like clothes _ make me feel comfortable.” A. that B. what C. who【答案】A考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引

33、导词用which或that引导。根据句意：你觉得校服怎么样呀？很好，我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服。故选C。【2012贵州贵阳】37. “What do you think of the school uniforms?”“Very good. I like clothes _ make me feel comfortable.” A. that B. what C. who【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导。根据句意：你觉得校服怎么样呀？很好，我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服。故选C。【2012广东】42.

34、There will be a flower show in the parkwe visited last week.A. whoB. whenC. whatD. Which【答案】D【2012广西玉林】37. Now many people smoke and get ill. So we should do something _ can help stop smoking. A. what B. who C. / D. that 【答案】D 【2012 湖北黄石】30.I still remember the time_we spent together at Xisai Mounta

35、in last year.A.when B.what C.who D.which 【答案】D【2012湖北十堰】38. One of the most delicious drinks _ I like is orange juice. A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. whom【答案】B【2012湖北随州】35. There are so many girls over there. Which one is your sister? The one _hat is yellow. A. who B. whose C. that D. which【答案】B【2012湖北咸宁

36、】29. We all like the story about the teacher _ happened in our school last week. AA. which B. who C. whom D. what【答案】A【2012江苏南京】7. The English-Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A. whose B. when C. who D. that【答案】D【2012江苏扬州】12. Zhang Lili is considered

37、as the most beautiful teacher gave her love to her students in danger.A. who B. thatC. whomD. which【答案】B【2012 呼和浩特】9. The little boy was wrapping the present _ world be sent to his teacher.A. who B. / C. what D. that【答案】D【2012广东省梅州市】35. Mr. Smith _ is smoking is looking for_ she lost yesterday. A. w

38、hom; which B. who; what C. that; who D. which; where【答案】B【2011河南】33. Success will belong to those _never say impossible.A. whom B. what C. who D. which【答案】C【2012 山东滨州】33. What are you looking for?Im looking for the ring _my husband bought me last year.A. that B. whoC. whom D. it【答案】A 【2012山东泰安】38. I

39、 hate people _ talk much but do little. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom【答案】A28Piano is a word_ was originally borrowed from ItalianAwhere Bwho Cwhich Dwhose【解析】C。考查定语从句引导词。句中先行词为word，表示“物”，用which或that引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语。【 2012四川成都】36. Its interesting that there are many people speak French in Canada.

40、A. which B. where C. who【答案】C【2012四川达州】23. Do you enjoy My heart will go on?No, I prefer songs loud.A. that isB. which isC. that areD. what are【答案】C【2012绵阳市】20. I can never forget the stories_ my grandma told me.A. what B. who C. them D. that【答案】D【2012四川宜宾】26. This is the primary school _ I studied

41、three years ago. A. where B. when C. that D. which 【答案】A【2012天津】44. Please pass me the cartoon book _ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. A. whom B. whose C. who D. which【答案】D【2012浙江湖州】21.What kind of movies do you like?. I like the move _ are about Chinese history.A. who B. whom C. whose D which【答案】D【

42、2012浙江嘉兴】21. Most studentslike the teachersunderstand them wellA. who B. when C. what D. which【答案】A【2012浙江衢州】27. What are you looking for ? Im looking for the pen_my father gave me last week.A- whoB. which C, whose D. whom【答案】B【2012贵州黔东南州】29_ - Do you know the girl_ is helping the old woman. -Oh, thats my sister, A.whom B.whose C.who D.where【答案】C【2012山东东营市】26. Steve Jobs is one of the persons founded Apple Computer Company. Hi