2004年职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题答案及题解(共15页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2004年职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题答案及题解第1部分：词汇选项 (第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 Mary has blended the ingredientsA mixed B madeC cooked D eaten2 They agreed to modify their policyA clarify B changeC define D develop3 The economy cont

2、inued to exhibit signs of decline in September.A play B sendC show D tell4 A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.A practically B considerablyC remarkably D completely5 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.A take out B repairC push in D dig6 It is abs

3、urd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrowA ridiculous B funnyC odd D foolish7 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.A muddied B pollutedC mixed D troubled8 The room is dim and quietA tiny B pleasantC dark D agreeable9 The index is the governments chief gauge of fu

4、ture economic activityA measure B opinionC evaluation D decision10 Its prudent to start any exercise program gradually at firstA workable B sensibleC possible D feasible11 He is renowned for his skill.A rememberedC praisedB recommendedD well-known12 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your

5、 positionA maintain B establishC acquire D support13 She stood theretrembling with fear.A jumping B cryingC swaying D shaking14 Medical facilities are being upgradedA renewed B repairedC improved D increased15 Mary looked pale and wearyA gloomy B uglyC silly D exhausted第2部分：阅渎判断 (第1622题，每题1分，共7分) 阅读

6、下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑：如果该旬的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Winners and Losers Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia，whereas the biggest losers are mostly in theformer Soviet bloc(集团)andsu

7、bSaharan Africa? History is a partial guide：East Asia has a long trading tradition，lately reinvigorated(给以新的活力)by the Chinese adoption of market economicsThe Soviet Union，on the other hand，was sheltered from freemarket forces for more than 70 yearsIn Africa，some countries are disadvantaged because o

8、f inadequate infrastructure(基础结构)；many countries have little to trade but commodities，the prices of which have fallen in recent years In some regions，certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies，oftenunder pressure from International Monetary FundFirst among these is Russiawhich in

9、 theearly 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work，such as an independent bank system，a system of business law, and all adequate method for collecting taxesEncouraged by the IMF the World Bank and the USDepartment of the Treasury, President B

10、oris Yeltsins regime privatized the stateowned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs(寡头政治集团成员)，who，knowing how unstable conditions were at homesent their money abroad instead of investing it at home In contrast，China，the biggest winner from globalization，did not follow the IMF formulaOf t

11、he former states of the Soviet bloc，only a few，notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plansincludingspending more than they collected in taxesBotswana and Uganda are also Success stories：despite their disadvantages，their countries

12、 achieved vigorous growth by creating stable civil societies，liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions16 Japan has a long trading traditionA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 Russia was wrongly guided by the IMFA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 All African count

13、ries followed the IMF formulaA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 The Soviet Union was a capitalist countryA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 Australia is one of the biggest winners from globalizationA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 China did not take IMF adviceA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 Many hi

14、gh officials in Russia have much benefited from privatizationA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第2330题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Stanford University1 Stanford University, famous as one of north

15、ern Californias several institutions of higher learning，is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West” The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco，a city thirty-two miles to the north，gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan (世界性的) flavor2 The students are enrolled mainly from the western United

16、StatesBut most of the fifty states send students to Stanford，and many foreign students study here，as wellAnd standards for admission remain highYoung men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes3 Not only because of me high caliber(素质

17、)of its students but also because of the desirablelocation and climate，Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the worlds most respectedscholarsThe university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as DrFelix Bloch，DrRobert Hofstadter, and DrWilliam Shockley in physicsDrAuthor Kornbe

18、rg and DrJoshuaLederberg in medicineand DrPaul JFlory and DrLinus Pauling in chemistryThe Russiannovelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residenceStanfordS undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business，law，and medicine are especially well-regarded4 What is student lif

19、e like on “The Farm”? Culturallythe campus is a magnet for bothstudents and citizens of nearby communitiesP1ays，concerts，and operas are performed in the universitys several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also heldSeveral film series are presented during the school year

20、Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campusIn the evenings，many students gather to socialize in the Student Unions coffee house；here the beverages(饮料)and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavorFor the sportsminded，the Stanford campus offers highly developed

21、 athletic facilitiesTeam spots，swimming，and track and field activity are a11 very much part of the Stanford pictureSo are bicycling and jogging5 In addition to financial support from alumni(校友)，Stanford receives grants from thegovernment and from private philanthropic(慈善的)foundations。In recent years

22、，governmentgrants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education，and atomic energyAt present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program，financed in part by山e Ford Foundations 25 million grantRecently added to the campus are a new physics building，new

23、school of business，new graduate school of law，new student union，and undergraduate library23 Paragraph 2 _ .24 Paragraph 3_ . 25 Paragraph 4_ . 26 Paragraph 5_ . A Colorful Life on CampusB Intelligent Student BodyC School AdministrationD Distinguished FacultyE Substantial Financial SupportF The Harva

24、rd of the West27 Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University _ . 28 Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here_ . 29 On the faculty of the university there are_ . 30 Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made possible_ .

25、A they can find the best studentsB the universitys academic advancement and physical extensionC some of the most distinguished scholars D where a sports meet is held every yearE must have been the top students in their classesF must be hardworking第4部分：阅读理解(第3l45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4

26、个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Technology Transfer in Germany When it comes to translating basic research into industrial Success，few nations can match GermanySince the 1940s,the nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from scienc

27、eAnd though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic declineit still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit Much of the reason for也at success is the Fraunhofer Society，a network of resear

28、chinstitutes t11at exists solely to solve industrial problems and create soughtafter technologiesBut today the Fraunhofer institutes have competitionUniversities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all overThese efforts are being complemented

29、by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but it is not without its criticsThese people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science，eventually starving industry of fresh ideasIf every

30、scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiositydrivenfree and widely available will SufferOthers claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small b

31、usinesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years While this debate continues,new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research networkswhich bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and LeibnizYet it is the fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the great

32、est role in technology transfer Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organisation for appliedtechnology，and has 59 institutes employing 12，000 peopleIt continues to growLast year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in BerlinToday,there

33、 are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?A Technology transferB Good managementC Hard workD Fierce competition32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research? A It is free B It is profit-driven C It is widely availableD It

34、 is curiosity-driven33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in A Asia B USA C EuropeD Africa34 Whenwas the Fraunhofer Society founded? A In 1940. B Last year C After the unificationD In 1949.35 The word “expertise in line 3 could be best replaced by A “experts” B

35、 scientists” C “scholars” D special knowledge”第二篇 Star Quality A new anti-cheating system for counting the judges scores in ice skating is flawed，according to leading sports specialistsIce skatings governing body announced the new rules last week after concerns that a judge at the Winter Olympics ma

36、y have been unfairly influenced Initially the judges in the pairs figureskating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City voted 5 to 4 to give the gold medal to a Russian pair，even though they had a fall during their routineBut the International Skating Union suspended the French judge for fail

37、ing to reveal that she had been put under pressure to Vote for the RussiansThe International Olympics Committee then decided to give a second gold to the Canadian runners-up(亚军) The ISU，skatings governing body, now says it intends to change the rulesIn future 14 judges will judge each event，but only

38、 7 of their scores-selected at random-will count, The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sportthe British Governments sports bodyhas expressed reservations“I remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone co

39、ncerned with ethical sport is looking for，says Jerry Bingham，UK Sports head of ethics(伦理) A random system can still be manipulated，says Mark Dixon，a specialist on sports statistics from the Royal Statistical Society in London“The score of one or two judges who have been nobbled(受到贿赂)may still be in

40、the seven selected” Many other sports that have judges，including diving，gymnastics，and synchronized swimminghave a system that discards the highest and lowest scoresIf a judge was under pressure to favour a particular team，they would tend to give it very high scores and mark down the opposition team

41、，so their scores wouldnt countIt works for diving，says Jeff Cook，a member of the international government bodys technical committee“If you remove those at the top and bottom youre left with those in the middle，SO youre getting a reasonable average Since the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, diving has tighte

42、ned up in its system still furtherTwo separate panels of judges score different rounds of diving during top competitionsNeither panel knows the scores given by the otherWe have done this to head off any suggestion of bias”says Cook Bingham urged the ISU to consider other options“Tms should involve e

43、xamining the way in which other sports deal with the problem of adjudicating(裁定)on matter of style and presentation，”he says36 Who won the gold medal in the pairs figure-skating event? A The Russian pair B The Canadian pair C Both the Russian pair and the Canadian pair D The French pair37 According

44、to the new rules proposed by the ISU，which of the following is right? A The number of judges will be doubled B Only half of the judges will score C Only some selected judges will score D Only half of the scores will count38 What does Jerry Bingham express by saying “I remain to be convinced”? A His

45、anger B His criticism C His agreement D His doubt39 The attitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISU Can be best described as A indifferent B reserved C enthusiasticD positive40 Which of the following is NOT true of the scoring system for diving? A It is more biased B It is

46、 more reasonable C It is fairer D It is tighter第三篇 Eat More，Weigh Less，Live Longer Clever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near。starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston，US，and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan(寿命)of mice by 18 per cent by blocking the rodents(啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cel