英语中考专题复习讲义--宾语从句.docx

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1、 中考专题复习- Object Clause宾语从句Part 1【基本内容】一、 基本概念： 在句子中起宾语作用的从句就叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语或形容词的宾语。二、类型：一般位于主句动词之后，如：know, think, believe, hope, mean, 也可以跟在主句形容词之后，例如：certain, glad, sure 【练一练】判断下面的句子是不是宾语从句，是的用T ,不是用F.(1) This is the pen that you are looking for.( ) (3)I know that you are a cle

2、ver boy.( )(2) Who is the girl that is standing there? ( ) (4)People are not sure if there are lives on the Mars.( ).1. 由从属连词that, whether, if等引导 (1)由that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导陈述句形式的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： Some people think that colours can influence our moods. She hopes yellow can bring

3、her success. He is very glad his room is blue. We are sure yellow can bring us good luck. I think blue is better than pink. Do you think your favourite colour matches your personality? (2) 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”，主要引导一般疑问句意思和选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。在口语中二者可互换。Eg. I want to know if (whether) he

4、lives there. Sandy is asking whether the sports bag is made of cotton. Amy wonders whether she should choose the red dress.【注意】whether和if不可互换的情况：A. 习惯上宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用时，即构成 whether . or not的结构时，英语中只用whether；而美语中常用if。所以我们的教学中习惯上采用whether.or not的说法。 I dont know whether hes free

5、or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or notB. 若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。 Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.可理解为： 是否： Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook. 如果： Ifyoulikethebook, pleaseletmeknow.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词(特殊疑问词)when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成

6、分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.【总结】三类引导词/连接词 （1） 引导陈述句（2） 引导一般疑问句或选择疑问句（3） 引导特殊疑问句【考点解析】一、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的

7、语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。例如：I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?即：主句（主+谓）+ +从句（主+谓）【exercise】1. Mr. Li said to Tom, ”Where have you been?”= Mr. Li asked Tom _.2. Who is the man? Could you tell me ?(合成一个句子) _3. Do you know _ this afternoon?Im not sure, but I ll t

8、ell you as soon as she _. A. how will Betty arrive; starts B. how Betty will arrive; will start C. what time will Betty arrive; will start D. what time Betty will arrive; starts4. -We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. whi

9、ch country is he from5. Philip has been to New Zealand. Oh, can you tell me _? A. when did he leave B. when he is leaving C. when he left D. when is he leaving【注意】Would you like to tell me _?A. what is the matter B. what the matter is C. is what the matter D. is the matter what【特殊情况】 二、宾语从句的时态(主从句时态

10、一致)1. 如果主句的时态是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时)宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态，即根据实际情况定。如：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.He has told me that he will leave for New York tomorrow.【exercise】(1) -Could you tell me _? -More than a year. 【若答句换成In a year_】A. how soon will Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport be built B. how long

11、has Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport been in serviceC. how soon Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport will be built D. how long Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport has been in service(2)Could you tell me _ yesterday? Because my bike was broken on my way home.A. why you came late B. why do you come lateC. why you come late D. why d

12、id you come late(3) Can you tell me _ in the future?A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be like2. 如果主句的时态是过去的某种时态，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时)。(1) Kate was not sure _.A. that she should go through the third gate B. if or not she

13、should go through the third gate C. which gate should she go through D. which gate she should go through(2)-What did Bob ask you just now? -He wanted to know how long _ when I reached the cinema.A. had the film been on B. the film had started C. the film had been on D. had the film ended【考点解析】(1) wo

14、uld do和had done (2) 以Could/Would you开头的宾语从句 【exercise】 (1)-What did Bob ask you just now? -He wanted to know how long _ when I reached the cinema.A. had the film been on B. the film had started C. the film had been on D. had the film ended(2)-Granny, the school trip was very exciting but a little ti

15、ring. -Oh, could you tell me ? A. how did you go to the park B. what you did in the trip C. that you saw something beautiful D. if your friends had played with you(3)-Could you tell me _? -Getting ready for the High School Entrance Exam.A.what he is busy doing B.why he stay up C.if he is worried D.w

16、here he can pass the exam3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理或事实，其时态保持_。Eg. Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. He said that Yao Ming is much taller than him.(事实)【exercise】When I was young, my father told me that the sound _(travel) through air at a speed of about 340 meters per second.4. 否定

17、转移当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose 等时， 要将从句中的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。Eg. I dont think he will come with you. 译成中文：_I think Dans finished his homework.(改为否定句)_ 我相信天气不能影响我们的心情。 Part 2【当堂反馈】一、单选 ( ) 1. -I dont understand_. -Im sorry. But I was doing my homework.A.why you didnt watc

18、h the football matchB.why didnt you watch the football matchC.why you dont watch the football matchD.why dont you watch the football match( )2.- Could you tell me _? - In August, 2014. A. where will the Youth Olympic Games take place B. when will the Youth Olympic Games take place C. where the Youth

19、 Olympic Games will take place D. when the Youth Olympic Games will take place( )3.Could you please tell me where ? The boss is waiting for him. A.has Tom gone B.Tom has gone C.has Tom been D.Tom has been( )4. -Could you tell me_? -At a robot shop. A. where did Mr Jiang buy the robot B. where Mr Jia

20、ng bought the robot C. why Mr Jiang bought the robot D. why did Mr Jiang buy the robot( )5.-Do you know second-hand smoke? -To prevent our health and memory.A.how we should prevent B. where should we prevent C.why we should prevent D. whether we should prevent ( )6.- David, could you tell me _? - Ev

21、ery four years. A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish B. how often the World Cup takes place C. how many teams take part in the World Cup D. who may score the most goals in the World Cup( )7. Alice, do you know _ tomorrow? A.what will we do B.when we will start C.where they went D.how will they go

22、there ( )8. -I wonder _ to be an astronaut. -It must be very exciting. A.what is it like B.what it is like C.how is it like D.how it is like( )9. -Do you know _ this afternoon? -Im not sure, but I ll tell you as soon as she _. A. how will Betty arrive; starts B. how Betty will arrive; will start C.

23、what time will Betty arrive; will start D. what time Betty will arrive; starts( )10. -Philip has been to New Zealand. -Oh, can you tell me _? A. when did he leave B. when he is leaving C. when he left D. when is he leaving( )11.-I saw David in the teachers office this morning. Do you know _ he was t

24、here? -He went there to hand in his homework. A.how B.whether C.when D.why( )12.-Excuse me, could you tell me_? -In five minutes.A. how soon will the film beginB. how soon the film will beginC. how long the film has been onD. how long has the film been on( )13.- Could you tell me _? -Sometimes, if I

25、 have time. A. how often you go to see a film B. how long you do your homework C. how much time you spend on your hobbies D. how soon will you go to see your grandparents( )14.- What time shall we leave for the airport? -Its foggy today. Im not sure _ be closed soon. Lets go now.A. whether the highw

26、ay will B. whether will the highwayC. when the highway will D. when will the highway( )15.-Mum,the visit to the science museum is so wonderful. -Really? Could you tell me_? A. that you did and saw there B. when you come back C. how did you get there D. if you saw models of spacecraft there( )16.-The

27、 light in his room is still on. Could you tell me_? -Preparing for the coming exam.A. what he is busy doing B.if he works hardC.why he stays up so late D.swhy he was so busy( )17.-Daniel, could you tell me ? -Certainly, in Brazil.A.when the 2016 Olympics will be held B.when will the 2016 Olympics be

28、 heldC.where the 2016 Olympics will be held D.where will the 2016 Olympics be held( )18. -Dad, can you tell me _? I miss her very much. -Next month, dear.A. when will my mum come back B. when my mum will come backC. how my mum goes to work D. where will my mum go( )19.-What did Max just say to you?

29、-He asked me _.A. if I would like to go skating B. when did I buy this CDC. where I will spend the weekend D. that I had a good time( )20.-Richard is studying in Germany. I wonder . On the phone. A.how his parents keep in touch with him B.why his parents keep in touch with him C.how do his parents k

30、eep in touch with him D.why do his parents keep in touch with him( )21. - Could you tell me _? -Every four years. The 24th will take place in China in 2022.A. how long the Winter Olympic Games last B. how long do the Winter Olympic Games lastC. how often are the Winter Olympic Games held D. how ofte

31、n the Winter Olympic Games are held( )22.-Could you please tell me _? -OK. I will go to Beijing next week.A. where will you go B.how you will go to Beijing C.when you will go to Beijing D.why will you go to Beijing ( )23.- I wonder _. -Yes, of course.A. why we will visit this museum B. when we will

32、get to the museum C. whether the museum is worth visiting D. what we can see in the museum( )24.-Its so careless of you to make a spelling mistake again.-Sorry. I couldnt remember . A. when I learnt the word B. if I have learnt the word C. where should I put the silent D. in which class did you teac

33、h the word( )25.-Im a new reader.Could you tell me_?-Certainly.Two weeks,and you can renew them.A.how long can I keep the books B.how long I can keep the booksC.when should I return the books D.when I should return the books( )26.There will be a concert this evening. But I dont know .By underground.

34、 It takes less time. A.where it will be held B.how can I go C.where will it be held D.how I can go ( )27.Mom, have you seen my toy bear? I dont know I have left it.A. why B. when C. how D. where( )28.I dont care how you do the job. I only care it can be done. Just give me a date!A. where B.when C.wh

35、at D. why( )29.They promised that they me look for my key until it was found. But they soon walked away.A. will help B. have helped C. would help D. had helped( )30.-Ive just received a Wechat message - “ttyl”. Do you know ? -It stands for “talk to you later”.A. how does it mean B. how it means C. w

36、hat does it meanD.what it means( )31.-Helen, could you tell me _ living in the countryside? -Perhaps next weekend.A. why you will visit your granny B. when will you visit your grannyC. when you will visit your granny D. why will you visit your granny( )32.We havent decided yet we will place our new

37、furniture. A. where B. what C. why D.which( )33. In the UK, a woman usually doesnt like to be asked_. A. whether she had been married B. what is her ageC. how much she weighs D. where she comes from( )34.- How soon will you start your journey? -Im not sure. I havent decided .A. when shall I ask the

38、boss for leave B. where I will go to spend the holidayC. whether I would go by train or by plane D. who could invite me to go( )35.Hi, Jim. I hear that youve just come back from Sanya. Im calling to ask _. A.how did you visit the city B.how many days youve spent there C.which hotel you stayed in San

39、ya D.how you found the seafood there 二、翻译句子1.你知道史上第一只风筝是由木头做的吗？Do you know ?2.我想知道你是否可以描述一下你的日常生活。 I wonder .3.我觉得穿什么衣服取决于个人喜好。I think .4.你注意到穿红色衣服能使采取行动更容易了吗？Have you noticed ?5.时间所剩无几，恐怕我们得尽快做出决定了。 Theres little time left. Im afraid _.6.我认为你在家自己教孩子并不明智。 .7.你知不知道为什么在电影归来中人们都打扮成那样？Do you know_ in the movie Coming Home?8.我怀疑(