2022年职称英语考试《卫生类》C类真题（阅读理解：第一篇）.docx

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1、2022年职称英语考试卫生类C类真题（阅读理解：第一篇）短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇：TheBilingualBrainWhenKarlKimimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesfromKoreasateenager,hehadahardtimelearningEnglish.Nowhespeaksitfluently,andhehadauniqueopportunitytoseehowourbrainsadapttoasecondlanguage.Asagraduat

2、estudent,KimworkedinthelabofJoyHirsch,aneuroscientistinNewYork.Theirworkledtoanimportantdiscovery.Theyfoundevidencethatchildrenandadultsdon'tusethesamepartsofthebrainwhentheylearnasecondlanguage.TheresearchersusedaninstrumentcalledanMRI(magneticresonanceimaging)scannertostudythebrainsoftwogroups

3、ofbilingualpeople.Onegroupconsistedofthosewhohadlearnedasecondlanguageaschildren.Theotherconsistedofpeoplewho,likeKim,learnedtheirsecondlanguagelaterinlife.PeoplefrombothgroupswereplacedinsidetheMRIscanner.ThisallowedKimandHirschtoseewhichpartsofthebrainweregettingmorebloodandweremoreactive.Theyaske

4、dpeoplefrombothgroupstothinkaboutwhattheyhaddonethedaybefore,firstinonelanguageandthentheother.Theycouldn'tspeakoutloudbecauseanymovementwoulddisruptthescanning.KimandHirschlookedspecificallyattwolanguagecentersinthebrain-Broca'sarea,whichisbelievedtocontrolspeechproduction,andWernicke's

5、area,whichisthoughttoprocessmeaning.KimandHirschfoundthatbothgroupsofpeopleusedthesamepartofWernicke'sareanomatterwhatlanguagetheywerespeaking.ButtheiruseofBroca'sareawasdifferent.PeoplewholearnedasecondlanguageaschildrenusedthesameregioninBroca'sareaforboththeirfirstandsecondlanguages.P

6、eoplewholearnedasecondlanguagelaterinlifeusedadifferentpartofBroca'sareafortheirsecondlanguage.HowdoesHirschexplainthisdifference?Hirschbelievesthatwhenlanguageisfirstbeingprogrammedinyoungchildren,theirbrainsmaymixthesoundsandstructuresofalllanguagesinthesamearea.Oncethatprogrammingiscomplete,t

7、heprocessingofanewlanguagemustbetakenoverbyadifferentpartofthebrain.Asecondpossibilityissimplythatwemayacquirelanguagesdifferentlyaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Hirschthinksthatmothersteachababytospeakbyusingdifferentmethodsinvolvingtouch,sound,andsight.Andthatisverydifferentfromlearningalanguageinahigh

8、schoolorcollegeclass.1KadKim’sstudyshowedthatA.peoplelearnEnglishandKoreanindifferentways.B.childrenandadultsusethedifferentpartsofthebraintolearnasecondlanguage.C.itisnotpossibleforanadulttospeakasecondlanguagefluently.D.people’sbrainwillnotchangewhentheylearnasecondlanguage查看原文2Howdidk

9、imandHirschstudythebrainsoftwogroupsofbilingualpeople?A.TheyinterviewedtheminEnglishandKorean.B.Theyaskedthemtospeakthesamelanguage.C.TheyusedanMRIscannertoobservetheirbrain.D.Theyaskedthemtotalkaboutwhattheyhaddonethedaybefore.查看原文3WhichaspectofthetwolanguagecentersinthebraindoesParagraph3discuss?A

10、.ImpactB.FunctionC.LocationD.Size查看原文4KimandHirschfindthatchildrenA.usethesameregioninBroca’sareatolearntheirfirstandsecondlanguage.B.learnasecondlanguageslowerthanadults.C.arebetteratacquiringthesoundsystemofasecondlanguagethanadults.D.usespecialpartsofthebraintoprogramthestructuresoftheirfir

11、stlanguage.查看原文5ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatA.studentsdobetterinhighschoolthanincollege.B.bilingualchildrenwilllearnbetterincollegeclasses.C.mothersaregoodlanguageteachersD.ittakesmoretimeforadultstolearnasecondlanguage.查看原文第5页 共5页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页第 5 页 共 5 页