状语从句中的省略讲义--高考英语语法专题复习.docx

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1、状语从句中的省略在表示时间、地点、条件、方式（比较）或让步等的状语从句中，如果谓语动词含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或其主语是it，那么从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（尤其是be动词）往往可以省略。使用这些省略结构可收到言简意赅之功效。（一）从属连词+名词例句：Though (he was) a youngman, he has written three famous novels.虽然年轻，但他已经写了三本著名的小说了。例句：When (he was) still was aboy of six, Bob was sent away from home.鲍勃才六岁时就被送出家门。例句：

2、As (she was) achild, she began to learn to play the piano.还是个孩子时，她就开始学习谈钢琴。（二）从属连词+形容词例句：When (they are)ripe, the grapes will be delicious.当葡萄成熟之后就会很好吃。例句：Though (she was)young, she had to live on himself.虽然年纪轻轻，但她不得不养活自己。例句：He talked to the strangeras if (he were)absent-minded.他和陌生人谈话似乎很不在意。（三）从属连词

3、+副词例句：Unless (you are)here, you cant find this kind of butterfly.除非在这里，其他地方找不到这种蝴蝶。例句：While (we were)there, we joined in voluntary labour on a project.我们一到那儿，就自愿参加了这项工程。（四）从属连词+介词短语例句：When (you are)in doubt, please consult a dictionary.有疑问的时候，就请查字典。例句：The waves dashed on the rocksas if (they were)in

4、 anger.波涛冲击着岩石，好像发怒一般。例句：While (I was)at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student.我在上大学时就开始认识他，他是一个奇怪但有能力的学生。（五）从属连词+不定式例句：He raised his handas if (he were)to ask something.他举起手好像要问什么。例句：He wouldnt solve the problemeven if (he were)to take charge.即使他来负责，他也解决不了这个问题。（六）从属连词+动词的-ing形式例句

5、：Look out for carswhen (you are)crossing the street.过马路时要小心车。例句：Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.虽然他的父母缺钱，他们仍然把他送入了大学。（=Though his parents lack money, they managed to send him to university.）例句：He stared at meas if seeing me for the first time.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。

6、（=He stared at me as if he had saw me for the first time.）注意！As在引导时间状语从句时，其后不能运用省略形式，此时用when、while替代。例句：When/While living in London, I picked up English. （不能用As）在伦敦居住期间，我学了一点英语。（七）从属连词+动词的-ed形式例句：When (it is)taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.按照说明服用，这种药就没有副作用。例句：When (it

7、 is)published, the novel will become one of the best-sellers of the year.一旦出版，这部小说将会成为该年度的畅销书之一。例句：She has finished the work earlierthan (it has been)expected.这项工作比预期的提前完成。例句：Even if (I am)invited to, I wont go to such a bad concert.即使邀请我去，我都不想去听如此差的音乐会。例句：You should stay where you are, unless (you

8、are)asked to leave.你应待在原地，除非叫你离开。例句：The boy wouldnt leaveeven though (he had been)asked to twice.尽管跟小男孩说过两次，但他还是不愿离开。（八）其他形式1）省略式的条件状语从句句型为if necessary、if possible、if true、if so、if not、if anyone、unless、once、as long as等词或短语后也运用省略形式。这种省略式的状语运用频繁，有的已经成了习惯表达法，被人们所熟知，而对于其完整的状语从句用的越来越少。例句：If (it is)necess

9、ary, we will buy a new car.如果有必要的话，我们会买一辆新车。例句：If (it is)possible, Ill travel to Denmark next month.如果可能的话，下个月我会去丹麦旅行。例句：He may be busy. If (it is)so, Ill call later. If (it is)not, can I see him now ?他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗？例句：If (it is)true, this willcause us a lot of trouble.如果是真的，这会给我们带

10、来很多麻烦。2）状语从句中的主语尽管与主句的主语不同，但如果是根据主、从句的对应关系判断，意思比较明确，同时，从句的谓语又含有动词“be”的某种形式，则可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分例句：There are a few simple safety measures to follow while (you are) training.训练时有几点简单地安全措施必须遵守。例句：We all expect to live where (the place is) not polluted.我们每个人都期望生活在一个未受到污染的地方。3）如果状语从句和主语都含有“there be”的某种形式或只有

11、状语从句含有“there be”的某种形式，从句中的“there be”常常也可以省略例句：There are few, if (there are) any mistakes in that book.那本书就是有错误也不多。例句：We shouldnt lose heart as long as (there is) any hope with us.只要有一线希望我们就不能灰心。4）由than和as引导的比较状语从句，在意义明确的情况下，可省略than和as后面的任何部分例句：He worksas fastas a skilled worker (does).他工作起来跟技术工人一样快。例句：I know you betterthan (I know) him.我对你比对他了解得更清楚。例句：In winter its colder in Beijingthan (it is) in Guangzhou.在冬天，北京比广州冷。3学科网（北京）股份有限公司