2022年6月大学英语四级阅读理解练习题（一）.docx

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1、2022年6月大学英语四级阅读理解练习题（一）2014年6月大学英语四级阅读理解Classifiedadvertisingisthatadvertisingwhichisgroupedincertainsectionsofthepaperandisthusdistinguishedfromdisplayadvertising.SuchgroupingsasHelpWanted,RealEstate,LostandFoundaremade,theratechargedbeinglessthanfordisplayadvertising.Classifiedadvertisementsareaco

2、nveniencetothereaderandasavingtotheadvertiser.Thereaderwhoisinterestedinaparticularkindofadvertisementfindsalladvertisementsofthattypegroupedforhim.Theadvertisersmay,onthisaccount,useaverysmalladvertisementifitwereplacedamonglargeradvertisementsinthepaper.Itisevidentthatthereaderapproachestheclassif

3、iedadvertisementinadifferentframeofmindfromthatinwhichheapproachestheotheradvertisementsinthepaper.Heturnstoapageofclassifiedadvertisementstosearchfortheparticularadvertisementthatwillmeethisneeds.Ashisattentionisvoluntary,theadvertiserdoesnotneedtorelytoomuchextentondisplaytypetogetthereader’

4、sattention.Formerlyallclassifiedadvertisementswereofthesamesizeanddidnothavedisplaytype.Withtheincreaseinthenumberofsuchadvertisements,however,eachadvertiserwithinacertaingroupiscompetingwithothersinthesamegroupforthereader’sattention.Inmanycases,theresulthasbeenanincreaseinthesizeofthespaceus

5、edandtheadditionofheadlinesandpictures.Inthatway,theclassifiedadvertisementhasinrealityadvertisement.Thisisparticularlytrueofrealestateadvertising?1AllofthefollowingfactsareadvantagesofclassifiedadvertisementforadvertisersEXCEPTthat_.classifiedadvertisementchargeslessmoneyitiseasiertoattracttheatten

6、tionofthetargetconsumersitprovidesmoreinformationforthereadersitdoesnothavetorelytoomuchondisplaytype查看原文2Oneoftheexamplesgivenoftypesofclassifiedadvertisementis_housesforsalepeoplewhoareaskingforhelppeoplewhoarelostjobvacancies查看原文3Whatsortofattitudedopeoplehavewhentheylookatclassifiedadvertisement

7、,accordingtothewriter?Theyareintheframeofmindtobuyanything.Theyarelookingforsomethingtheyneed.Theyfeellostbecausetherearesomanyadvertisements.Theyfeelthesameaswhentheylookatdisplayadvertisements.查看原文4Accordingtothepassage,inwhichwayhavetheclassifiedadvertisementschangednowadays?Theydependmoreondispl

8、aytype.Moremoneyischargedforthem.Theyaredividedintomoregroups.Theyarelessformal.查看原文5Whyhaveclassifiedadvertisementschangedinappearance?Becausepeoplenolongerwantheadlinesandpictures.Becauserealestateadvertisingisparticularlytruthfulnow.Becausetheincreaseinthenumberofsuchadvertisementsmeanstheyhaveto

9、besmallnow.Becausetherearemoreadvertisementsnowandmorecompetitionamongadvertisers.查看原文Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetooldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsand,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Someot

10、herresearcherswhostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparksingrade-schoolchildrensuggestingthatproperlypresent

11、edinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalPersonalityandSocialPsychology.Iftheyknowthey'reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,saysRobertEsenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygivingrew

12、ardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Esenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestore

13、fallinggrades.Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomics,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.6Psychologistsaredividedwithregardtotheirattitudestoward_.thechoicebetween

14、spiritualencouragementandmonetaryrewardstheappropriateamountofexternalrewardsthestudyofrelationshipbetweenactionsandtheeffectsofexternalrewardsonstudents'performance查看原文7Whatistheviewheldbymanyeducatorsconcerningexternalrewardsforstudents?Theyapproveofexternalrewards.Theydon'tthinkexternalre

15、wards.Theyhavedoubtsaboutexternalrewards.Theybelieveexternalrewardscanmotivatesmallchildren,butnotcollegestudents.查看原文8Accordingtotheresultofthestudymentionedinthepassage,whatshouldeducatorsdotostimulatemotivationandcreativity?Giverewardsforperformanceswhichdeservethem.Alwayspromiserewards.Assigntas

16、kswhicharenotverychallenging.Bemorelenienttostudentswhenmistakesaremade.查看原文9Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmajoruniversitiesaretryingtotightentheirgradingstandardsbecausetheybelieve_.rewardingpoorperformancemaykillthecreativityofstudents’punishmentismoreeffectivethanrewardingfailinguninspir

17、edstudentshelpsimprovetheiroverallacademicstandardsdiscouragingthestudentsanticipationforeasyrewardsismatterofurgency查看原文10Whichofthefollowingfactsabouttokeneconomicsisnotcorrect?Studentsareassignedchallengingtasks.Rewardsaregivenforgoodperformances.Studentsareevaluatedaccordingtotheefforttheyputintothetask.Withtokeneconomics,students’creativitycanbeenhanced.查看原文第7页 共7页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页