2022年职称英语考试《理工类》B类真题（阅读理解：第二篇）.docx

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1、2022年职称英语考试理工类B类真题（阅读理解：第二篇）短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第二篇TheMirSpaceStationTheRussianMirSpaceStation,whichcamedownin2001atlastafter15yearsofpioneeringtheconceptoflong-termhumanspaceflight,isrememberedforitsaccomplishmentsinthehumanspaceflighthistory.Itcanbecred

2、itedwithmanyfirstsinspace.TheSovietUnionlaunchedMir,whichwasdesignedtolastfromthreetofiveyears,onFebruary20,1986,andhoused104astronautsover12yearsandsevenmonths,mostofwhomwerenotRussian.Infact,itbecamethefirstinternationalspacestationbyplayinghostto162peoplefrom11countries.From1995through1998,sevena

3、stronautsfromtheUnitedStatestookturnslivingonMirforuptosixmonthseach2.Theywereamongthe37Americanswhovisitedthestationduringninestopoversbyspaceshuttles.Themorethan400milliontheUnitedStatesprovidedRussianforthevisitsnotonlykeptMiroperating,butalsogavetheAmericansandtheirpartnersintheinternationalstat

4、ionprojectvaluableexperienceinlong-termflightandmultinationaloperations.AdebatecontinuesoverMir’scontributionstoscience.Duringitsexistence,Mirwasthelaboratoryfor23,000experimentsandearnedscientificequipment,estimatedtobeworth$80million,frommanynations.3ExperimentsonMirarccreditedwitharangeoffi

5、ndings,fromthefirstsolidmeasurementoftherationofheavyheliumatomsinspacetohowtogrowwheatinspace.Butforthosefavouringhumanspaceexploration,MirshowedthatpeoplecouldliveandworkinspacelongenoughforatriptoMars.Thelongestsinglestayinspaceisthe437.7daysthatRussianastronautValeryPolyakovspentonMirfrom1994to1

6、995.AndSergieAvdeyevaccumulated747.6daysinspaceinthreetripstothespacestation.ThelongestAmericanstaywasthatofShannonLucid4,whospent188daysaboardMirin1996.DespitethemanyfirstsMiraccomplished,1997wasabadyearoutof15forMir,In1997,anoxygengeneratorcaughtfire.Later,themaincomputersystembrokedown,causingthe

7、stationtodriftseveraltimesandtherewerepowerfailures.Mostoftheseproblemswererepaired,withAmericanhelpandsuppliers,butMir’sreputationasaspacestationwasruined.Mir’ssetbacksarcnothing,though5,whenwecomparethemwithitsaccomplishments.Mirwasatremendoussuccess,whichwillberememberedasamilestonein

8、spaceexplorationandthespacestationthatshowedlong-termhumanhabitationinspacewaspossible.Butit’stimetomoveontothenextgeneration.TheInternationalSpaceStationbeingbuiltwillbebetter,butitowesagreatdebttoMir.1WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheMirSpaceStationA.wasdesignedtolastover5years.B.playedhostto7

9、astronautsfromdifferentcountries.C.wasvisitedonlybyAmericans.D.wasbuiltbyRussians.查看原文2OneofthecontributionsMirmakestoscienceisthat,itA.helpastronautsgetclosetoMars.B.enablesscientiststodevelopnewscientificequipment.C.setsarecordofthelongestsinglehumanstayinspace.D.showsthatmultinationaloperationsin

10、spacearelessexpensive.查看原文3WhathappenedtoMirin1997?A.itranoutitsfund.B.itwascompletelydamagedbyfire.C.itsreputationwasruinedduetopowerfailures.D.itsmaincomputersystembrokeout.查看原文4ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatA.spaceexplorationwillnotexperiencesetbacks.B.itisdifficultforotherspacestationse

11、xceedMir’ssuccess.C.Miristhebestlong-termhumanhabitationinspaceinhistory.D.multinationalspaceoperationaregettingmoreaccomplishments.查看原文5Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardMir?A.indifferent.B.ironic.C.favorable.D.negative查看原文第4页 共4页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页