牛津上海版七年级上英语Unit1同步学案.pdf

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1、七年级上英语U1 同步教案1.invite ? n? va? t vt. 邀请 ; 请求 ; 引诱 ; 招致 ; invitation ? nv? te? n n,邀请invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做Eg. I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party. Lets invite her to dinner.“ “Over my dead body!“ Thanks for your invitation. 2.expensive ? k? spens ? v adj. 昂贵的，花钱多的; 豪华的 ; Eg.

2、The watch is too expensive. dear 贵的cheap adj,便宜的3. agent ? e? d?nt n. 代理人 ; 代理商 ; 药剂 ; 特工 ; vt. 由作中介 ; 由代理 ; adj. 代理的 ; Eg, He worked in a travel agent. 4.soon su:n adv. 立刻，马上 ; 一会儿，不久; as soon as 一就 ; 一经 ; Eg. As soon as he got inside, the dog shook himself. 他一进来，狗就开始摇头摆尾。Dorothy, come on. Never mi

3、nd your shoes. Theyll soon dry off. 快点儿吧，多萝西。别去管你的鞋子了，它们很快就会干的。5. raise re? z v. 提升 ; 增加 ; 养育 ; 筹集 ;n. 提升 ; 增加 ; 高处 ; 举起 ; 过去分词 : raised 过去式 : raised 现在分词 : raising 第三人称单数: raises eg. Every year we have charity days to raise money for unfortunate people. 每年我们都有慈善日来筹款帮助贫困人群。It seemed like a good neig

4、hbourhood to raise my children. 它看起来像是一个有利于我的孩子们成长的理想居住区。6.national 英 ? n? ? n?l adj. 国家的 ; 国有的 ; n. 常用复数 全国性比赛变形复数 : nationals eg.National security is the stock excuse for keeping things confidential. 国家安全常被用作对一些事情保密的挡箭牌National Day is an important festival in China. 7. brick br? k n. 砖，砖块 ; 一;vt.

5、用砖建造、砌或铺; Eg.The sidewalks were paved with brick and lined with trees. 人行道铺着砖，两边种着树。8.stone st?n n. 石头 ; 宝石 ; 矿石 ; vt. 向扔石块 ; 用石头Eg.He lost two stone in weight during his time there. 他在那儿的时候体重下降了2 英石。9. mountain ? ma?nt?n n. 山，山岳 ; 山脉 ; 变形复数 : mountains Eg. Searchers have found three mountain climbe

6、rs missing since Saturday. 搜救人员已经找到了周六失踪的3 名登山者。10. ancient ? e? n? ?nt adj. 古代的，已往的; 古老的， n. 古代人 ; 古文明国的国民; Eg. They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning. 他们认为古代希腊罗马是知识的重要发源地。Only the names are ancient; the characters are modern and contemporary. 只有姓名是古代的；人物都是现代的、摩登的。11.h

7、istory ? h? stri n. 历史，历史学; 发展史 ; 履历，经历 ; 变形复数 : histories Eg. Texas has a long history of trade with Mexico. 得克萨斯州与墨西哥的贸易往来历史悠久。The boys mother had a history of abusing her children. 男孩的母亲过去常虐待自己的孩子。12. interest 英 ? ntr?st n. 兴趣，爱好 ; 利害关系， vt. 使产生兴趣 ; 使参与，使加入 关系 ; 变形过去分词 : interested 复数 : interests

8、 过去式 : interested 现在分词 : interesting 第三人 称单数 : interests Eg. His parents tried to discourage his interest in music, but he persisted. 他的父母设法打消他对音乐的兴趣，但他始终坚持。Their friendship developed through their shared interest in the Arts. 对艺术的共同爱好加深了他们之间的友谊。be interested in 对.感兴趣Eg He is interested in watching

9、movies. 13.holiday ? h?l?de? n. 假日，休息日 ; 节日 ; vi. 度假，休假 ; Eg. People are having to think hard about their holiday plans. 人们现在得仔细地琢磨自己的度假计划。New Years Day is a public holiday throughout Britain. 元旦是全英国的公众假日。14.wonderful ? w?nd?fl adj. 极好的，精彩的，绝妙的Eg.It sounds like a wonderful idea to me, does it really

10、 work? 听起来这个主意很不错，真的能行吗？They had a wonderful time and so did I. 他们玩得很开心，我也一样。15.another ? n?e?(r) adj. 又一个 ; 再一个 ; pron. 另一个，别个; 再一个 ; Eg.Let this cook on low for another 1 hr 15 mins. 用小火再煮1 小时 15 分钟。The government took another step on the road to political reform. 政府在实现政治改革的路上又迈进了一步重点词组1.talk to 同

11、（某人）谈话; 责骂 ; Eg.You neednt talk to anyone if you dontwant to. 不想说话的时候，你可以不说。talk with v. 与交谈，想说服; Before the wedding, I had a heart-to-heart talk with my mother. 2.at the end of 在结尾，在末端; Eg. At the end of the interview I was dazed and exhausted. 面试进行到最后，我感到头昏脑胀，筋疲力尽。There was a small stream at the e

12、nd of the garden. 花园的尽头有一条小河。In the end = at last =finally 最后，终于邀请 去 inviteto 相同的年龄the same age写信给某人write to somebody收到某人的来信hear from somebody / receive (got) a letter from somrbody在长城on the Great Wall在天安门广场at Tian anmen Square在 的东北northeast of .在 的中心in the centre of一张我的照片a photo of me享受我们的假日enjoy o

13、ur holiday感谢某人做了某事thanks somebody for doing something和某人一起住stay with somebody到 去旅游travel to 和 谈论关于 talk to somebody about something旅行社travel agency旅行社的代理人travel agent在 月底at the end of (August)2. spend 的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： (1) spend time money on sth. 在 上花费时间（金钱）。例： I spent two hours on this maths proble

14、m. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例： They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买 。例： His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。cost 的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示 “ 值” ， 常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) 金钱 ,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例： A new computer costs a

15、lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间 ,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例： Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意： cost 的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。take 后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种： (1) It takes sb. 时间 to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例： It took them three years to build this road. 他

16、们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. 时间 ,做某事花了某人多少时间。例： Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。pay 的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买 。例： I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20 英磅的房租。 (2)pay for sth. 付 的钱。例： I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得

17、不赔丢失的书款。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。例: They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。（5）pay money back 还钱。例： May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借给我12 块钱吗？下周还 你。 （6）pay off ones money 还清钱。cost.某物价值多少元the book costs 2 yuan. 那本书 2 元钱。spend.某人花费多少元we spend 2 yuan buying the book. 我们花费2 元买那本书。而不能说 成是

18、we cost 2 yuan.这是错误的。就是说 cost 的主语是物 (某物花费了多少）。 spend 的主语是人（某人花费了多少）sth. cost sb. some money sb. spend some money/time on sth./(in) doing sth. The car cost him around ten thousand US dollars. 这车花去他一万美元左右。 The error cost the company one million pounds. 这错误使公司损失了一百万英镑。spend主语只能是人 ,表示“.在.上花费了 .“ I spent

19、 $100 on the bike. 我花了一百美元买下那辆自行车。They spent three month touring Europe. 他们花了三个月时间周游欧洲。take 一般用 it 做主语，例： it take sb sometime to do sth. spend 一般是人做主语，例：I spend an hour to finish my homework. cost表示某物值什么的（价值或钱）例：The bool cost 200yuan. pay一般是人做主语，例：I pay an hour to do my homework. 2. how long 意为 “ 多久

20、、多长时间” ，主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是（for）three days/weeks/months 等时间段，它可用于各种时态。How long do you stay in Beijing every year? 每年你在北京住多久？How long have they lived here? 他们住在这里有多久了？ How long were you not at school last year? 去年你多久没上学？ About two weeks. 约两周。how soon 意为 “ 还要多久 ” ， 是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问，常用在一般将来

21、时态的句子中，其答语通常是“ in + 一段时间 ” 。 How soon can you finish the work? 还要多久你能完成这项工作？ In half an hour. 半小时后。how often 用来提问某动作或状态发生的频率，对“ 一段时间内发生了几次活动” （always， usually， often， never 或 twice a day 等表示频度的词或短语）提问时用；3. in the middle of 在 的中间in front of 在（外部）前面at the bottom of 在 之底部at the end of 在末端 , 在 的末尾on the

22、 right /left 在右边 /左边close to/ near 在 附近next to 与 邻接词组梳理：邀请 去 inviteto 相同的年龄the same age 写信给某人write to somebody 收到某人的来信hear from somebody / receive (got) a letter from somrbody 在长城on the Great Wall 在天安门广场at Tian anmen Square在 的东北northeast of .在 的中心in the centre of一张我的照片a photo of me 享受我们的假日enjoy our

23、holiday 感谢某人做了某事thanks somebody for doing something 和某人一起住stay with somebody 到 去旅游travel to 和 谈论关于 talk to somebody about something旅行社travel agency 旅行社的代理人travel agent 在 月底at the end of (August)Step 4: Grammar 1. 形容词与副词的比较级以及最高级：规则变化（1）一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级er ， 最高级 est clevercleverercleverest ,

24、fewfewerfewest , small smallersmallest 等（2）以 e 结尾的词，比较级r，最高级 st 即可nicenicernicest, cute cutercutest, large largerlargest （3）以辅音字母y 结尾的变y 为 ier 或 est easyeasiereasiest, happyhappierhappiest, 再如：early , busy , heavy , dirty , lazy . 也如此（4）双写最后一个辅音字母er 或 est的词同学要用心去记。fatfatterfattest, thinthinnerthinne

25、st, hothotterhottest, red redderreddest wetwetterwettest, bigbigger biggest （5）多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前more 构成比较级， the most 构成最高级。beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful , delicious , popular , important , interesting , expensive 等. 双音节的词如: carefulmore careful the most careful ; useful more useful t

26、he most useful . 少数单音节词也是这样, 如：pleasedmore pleased the most pleased ; tiredmore tried the most tired 不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good ( 好的)betterbest well ( 健康的)betterbest bad ( 坏的)worseworst ill ( 有病的)worseworst old ( 老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many ( 多的)moremostlittle ( 少的)lessleastfar ( 远的)farther/further

27、farthest/furthest注意： 1） farther, further 都可以表示距离，时间上的“更远”，但是表示“更进一步”时只能用further. We d better get further information. 2) older, oldest 用于比较年龄的大小。older ,eldest 用于表示家庭成员间的长 幼关系。He s older than I .他比我年龄大。Li Qiang is my elder brother. 形容词比较级等级规则变化口诀比较级有变化，一般词尾加“ - er”最高级有规律，词尾一般加“ - est”词尾哑 e 先省去，之后再加“

28、- er” ，“ - est”辅音字母 +y 型，变 y 为 i 加“ - er” ，“ - est”一辅重读闭音节，末尾字母须双写双、多音节有规则，原级前加more，most最高级口诀：最高级，也容易，原级后面加“ - est ”，规则类同比较级，提醒一点便可以；其余双音、多音节，前加most 牢牢记。还有一点要留意，最高级前要用the；若是副词最高级，用不用the 皆可以【活学活用】选出正确的答案1. This pencil is _ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 2. I think science is _

29、 than language. What do you think? A. important B. more important C. much important D. most important 3. Who jumped _ of the two boys? A. higher B. high C. more high D. highest 4. I think the Summer Palace is one of _ places in Beijing. A. interest B. the interesting C. more interesting D. the most

30、interesting 【Keys】 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 2. 疑问词 how 可引导特殊疑问句，意为“怎样”，其后也可接形容词来询问事物不同的方面，如： how old 询问年龄， how long询问时间， how much 询问量的多少，价格。How are we going to get there? 我们怎么去那儿？How old are they? 他们多大了？How long does it take to travel from Garden City to Beijing by plane? 乘飞机从花园城市到北京要多久？How much does thi

31、s watch cost? 这块手表多少钱？【活学活用】就划线部分提问1.It will take me about 10 hours to travel from Shanghai to Beijing by train. _ _ will it take you to travel from Shanghai to Beijing by train? 2.These strawberries cost 50 yuan. _ _ did these strawberries cost? 3.He usually goes to school on foot. _ does he usuall

32、y go to school? 【Keys】1. How long 2. How much 3. How 3. 介词 by 后面加交通工具时表示所使用的交通方式。Shall we go there by train or by ship? 我们去那儿是坐火车还是乘轮船呢？【注意】介词by 后接交通工具时，中间不加冠词。【活学活用】选出正确的答案1.I used to go to school on foot, but now I go to school _ bus. A. with B. by C. in D. on 2. Would you like to go to the amusem

33、ent park _ underground? A. by the B. by C. in the D. with 【Keys】 1. B 2. B 4.本单元中出现的表示方位的介词有：in, inside, on, at 和 in front of in 在 之内Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国的东部。 inside 在 里面；内部There is a ball inside this box. 在这个箱子里有一个球。 on 在 上面（与物体表面相接触）He is sitting on the desk. 他正坐在桌子上。 at 在 （表示处在范

34、围较小的地点）He will arrive at the airport a few hours later. 他将在几小时后抵达机场。 in front of 在 前面There is a big tree in front of his house. 他的屋子前有一棵大树。【活学活用】选择正确的答案1.He said that he would meet us _ the cinema. A. in B. at C. on D. for 2. The article about Beijing is _ page 5. A. at B. in C. on D. above 3. Who i

35、s standing _ the big clock? A. in front of B. in the front of C. on D. over 4. Shanghai is _ the east of China. A. at B. in C. over D. on 5. Put this book _ your bag. A. at B. below C. in front D. inside 【Keys】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 5.本单元中出现的表示时间的介词有: in, at, on 和 for in 表示在一段时间内（包括年、月、季节等）。The S

36、pring Festival usually comes in January or February every year. 春节通常在每年的一月或二月。 at 表示在某个钟点、某个时间段，或用在不止一天的时间前At the end of each term, there are final examinations. 每个学期结束都有期末考试。 on 用于具体日期、节日、具体某一天的上午/下午 /晚上，以及时间前带有修饰词时。I saw an old man sleeping in the street on a cold morning. 在一个寒冷的早晨，我看见一个老人睡在大街上。 f

37、or 表示所经历时间的长度。We haven t seen each other for a year. 我们有一年没见过对方了。【活学活用】选择正确的答案1.The plane arrived at Sydney airport _ Thursday. A. on B. at C. in D. for 2. _ the past two months, he has been busy with his school work. A. For B. On C. Since D. At 3. The party will begin _ midnight. A. on B. for C. /

38、D. at 【Keys】 1. A 2. A 3. D 6. 数词单位hundred, thousand, million 等表示确定数目时， 不用复数形式。 如： five hundred children（五百名儿童）。但这些词用来表示“数百，数千，数百万”等不确定数目时，要用其复数形式，后面加of，再接名词。如：hundreds and thousands of stars（成千上万颗星星）。There are more than 17 million people in Shanghai now. 现今上海有1700 多万人。【活学活用】选择正确的答案1.Three _ people

39、died in the earthquake. A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. hundreds 2. _ trees were cut down last year. A. Thousand of B. Thousands of C. Many thousands D. Thousands 3. This hotel can hold more than _ tourists. A. two hundreds B. hundreds of C. two hundred D. two hundreds of 【Keys】1. A 2. B

40、3. C 强化练习1.We hope that with the help of the new skill, Liu Xiang can run _ than before. A) fast B) faster C) fastest D) the fastest 2.Pudong International Airport is one of _ airports in the world. A) big B) bigger C) biggest D) the biggest _ have you been in the sports club? _Since the first month

41、 I came to the school A)How old B)How long C)How much D)How soon 3. can you finish the report on food safety? In two days. A) How far B) How much C) How often D) How soon 4.Air pollution has become_ than ever before. We must do something to stop it. A) serious B) more serious C) most serious D) the

42、most serious 5. I wouldn t mind_ a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. A) having B) to have C) have D) had 变式训练11.Miss Chen is _ _than Mr. Wang. (popular) 12. Mr. Lin _ _ _ Mr. Brown. (sad) 13. The basketball _ _ _ the baseball. (big) 14. Question A _ _ _ _ Question B. (importan

43、t) 15. A rose _ _ _ _ a weed( 野草 ). (beautiful) 16. Toronto is _ _ city in Canada. (large) 17. Playing computer games is_ _ _ of all the activities.(interesting). 18. The Nile( 尼羅河 ) is _ _river in the world. (long) 19. Good health is _ _ _thing life. (important) 20. Taking a taxi is _ _ way to get

44、to the airport. (easy) 21. Test 1 is _ _ _of all the tests. （difficult ）22. He is _than any other boy in the class. （ clever） 23. She is_ than all the other students. (young) 24. The window is _ _ of the two. (narrow) 25. Where is the _bus-stop? (near) 26. He is one of _ _ _Politicians. (famous) 27. Tom drives much _ _han John. (careful) 28. The white flower is _(beautiful). The yellow flower is _ _(beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _