必修四module6languagepoints.ppt

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1、1. attack v. 袭击；攻击；袭击；攻击；(疾病疾病)侵袭侵袭 n. 攻击；抨击；病情发作攻击；抨击；病情发作(可数名词可数名词)【语境领悟【语境领悟】It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. 它很容易发怒并会攻击任何靠近它的人。它很容易发怒并会攻击任何靠近它的人。The baby is in poor health, and it is often attacked with a disease. 婴儿的身体状况很差，经常患病。婴儿的身体状况很差，经常患病。The soldiers made a

2、strong attack on the enemy. 战士们向敌人发起猛烈进攻。战士们向敌人发起猛烈进攻。 A deputy died of a heart attack during the meeting. 大会期间一名代表因心脏病去世。大会期间一名代表因心脏病去世。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人用某物攻击某人be attacked with a disease 患病患病make an attack on 攻击攻击under attack 受到攻击受到攻击a heart attack 心脏病突发心脏病突发【即学活用【即学活用】完成句子。完成

3、句子。她开始用一块木头猛打进屋行窃的小偷。她开始用一块木头猛打进屋行窃的小偷。She started _ the burglar with a piece of wood. 我们又一次遭到敌人战斗机的袭击。我们又一次遭到敌人战斗机的袭击。Once again we came _ _ from the enemys fighter planes. attackingunder attackIf you were _ in the street, would you be able to defend yourself?A. destroyed B. attackedC. advised D. k

4、illed【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在街上遭遇。考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在街上遭遇袭击的话，你能够保护自己吗？袭击的话，你能够保护自己吗？attack“进攻，攻击进攻，攻击”，与题，与题意相符。意相符。destroy“毁掉毁掉”；advise“建议建议”；kill“杀死杀死”，均不，均不符合后面的语境。符合后面的语境。 2frightening adj. 吓人的；令人恐惧的 Last night I heard a frightening sound. 昨晚我听到了可怕的声音。 知识拓展 1)frightened adj. (人)感到害怕的；恐惧的 The li

5、ttle girl was frightened by the big dog. 那个小女子被这条大狗吓坏了。 I am frightened of snakes. 我害怕蛇。 2)frighten vt. 使恐惧；使害怕 The dog frightened the cat away. 那只狗把那只猫吓跑了。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】(1)frightened adj. 受惊的；害怕的受惊的；害怕的(常指人常指人 内心的感受内心的感受)be frightened at 对对感到恐惧感到恐惧/害怕害怕be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕害怕(做做)某事某事be frig

6、htened to death 被吓得要死被吓得要死(2)frighten v. (使使)惊恐惊恐frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事吓唬某人做某事frighten sb. out of doing sth. 吓得某人不敢做某事吓得某人不敢做某事【想一想【想一想】类似用法的词还有哪些？举出至少四个例子。类似用法的词还有哪些？举出至少四个例子。【参考答案【参考答案】surprised/surprising; excited/exciting;interested/interesting; puzzled/puzzling;disappointed/disapp

7、ointing; tired/tiring3. exist vi. 存在；在逆境中生活存在；在逆境中生活【语境领悟【语境领悟】Some people in some poor countries receive wages that allow them to exist but not to live. 有些贫困国家的人民的收入只能勉强维持生计。有些贫困国家的人民的收入只能勉强维持生计。Uncertainty and confusion began to exist in the company. 不确定性和混乱在公司里开始产生。不确定性和混乱在公司里开始产生。It was impossib

8、le for them to exist on such a small income. 他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】exist in 存在于存在于exist on 靠靠生存生存existence n. 存在；存在； 生存生存come into existence 出现；产生出现；产生When did the world come into existence?世界是什么时候产生的世界是什么时候产生的?【即学活用【即学活用】同义词替换。同义词替换。I can hardly exist on the wage Im getting.

9、_When did the earth come into existence?_There is nothing _ (存在的存在的) that is unchanging. live oncome into beingexistingThe director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.

10、 据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪兽就据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪兽就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。【句式分析【句式分析】(2)seem用法一览表。用法一览表。 (to be)+形容词形容词/名词名词 好像好像，似乎，似乎seem to do sth. 好像要做，似乎要做某事好像要做，似乎要做某事 like+名词名词 像像，似乎是，似乎是It seems(to sb. )that. . . (在某人看来在某人看来)好像好像， 仿佛仿佛It seems as if (as though). . . 看样

11、子似乎是看样子似乎是There seems to be. . . 似乎有似乎有The green leaves seemed more beautiful after the rain. 绿叶在雨后显得更美了。绿叶在雨后显得更美了。He seems to know everything. = It seems that he knows everything. 他似乎什么都知道。他似乎什么都知道。It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好几年不见了。我们似乎好几年不见了。It seems (that) he is lying. = He seems

12、 to be lying. 看样子他好像在撒谎。看样子他好像在撒谎。【即学活用【即学活用】The engine just wont start. Something seems _ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have goneC. going D. having gone【解析【解析】选选B。考查非谓语动词中的不定式。句意：发动机发。考查非谓语动词中的不定式。句意：发动机发动不起来了，似乎出问题了。动不起来了，似乎出问题了。seem之后常接不定式，表示之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了似乎怎么样了”，不接，不接doing；其次，出问题是发生在；其次，出问题是发

13、生在seem之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。 辨析：seem, appear与look seem暗示判断有一定根据，比较接近事实。 appear强调外表给人的印象，但事实不一定如此。 look往往指外貌，目所能及，其后不跟不定式或that从句，但可用于It looks as if.结构中。 即学即用 He seems_the truth. Otherwise, he would not be so angry. Ato have known Bknow Cknowing Dto be knowing 答案：A He claims to have seen a rou

14、nd black creature moving quickly through the water. 他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。【句式分析【句式分析】 句中的句中的to have seen是不定式的完成式是不定式的完成式,表示该动作在句中表示该动作在句中谓语动词谓语动词claim前已经发生并完成。前已经发生并完成。A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。Youd better t

15、ell your father the truth. He seemed to have known the matter. 你最好告诉你父亲事情的真相。他好像知道这件事了。你最好告诉你父亲事情的真相。他好像知道这件事了。 My brain doesnt seem to be working well today. 我的脑筋今天好像不太灵活。我的脑筋今天好像不太灵活。【易混辨析【易混辨析】不定式通常有一般式、进行式、完成式三种形式不定式通常有一般式、进行式、完成式三种形式:to+动词原形动词原形表示与谓语的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动表示与谓语的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后作之后to be

16、doing表示与谓语的动作在同一时间发生表示与谓语的动作在同一时间发生,并且正在并且正在进行的动作进行的动作to have done表示该动作发生在谓语的动作之前表示该动作发生在谓语的动作之前【即学活用【即学活用】用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。In the e-mail, I wrote, “I expect _ you, my old friend. ” (see)He seemed _ a novel when I came into the classroom. (read) Bob isnt performing. He is said _ the stage,

17、as he has become an officer. (leave) to seeto be readingto have left4. claim vt. 声称；声称；(根据权利根据权利)要求；认领要求；认领 vi. 要求；声称要求；声称 n. (根据权利而提出的根据权利而提出的)要求；索赔；主张；断言要求；索赔；主张；断言 【语境领悟【语境领悟】Xue Junlin,a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse. 薛军林薛军林,一位当地的摄影师一位当地的摄影师,声称那个怪兽的头看起来像马。声称那个怪兽的头

18、看起来像马。She claimed to have ever been met by the president. She claimed that she had ever been met by the president. 她宣称曾被总统接见过。她宣称曾被总统接见过。It is claimed that soap powders pollute the water we drink. 据说肥皂粉污染我们的饮用水。据说肥皂粉污染我们的饮用水。They made a claim for the stolen luggage from the insurance. 他们在行李被偷后向保险公司提

19、出索赔要求。他们在行李被偷后向保险公司提出索赔要求。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】5calm adj. 平静的；镇静的平静的；镇静的 v. (使使)平静；平静；(使使)镇定镇定【语境领悟【语境领悟】You should keep calm even in the face of danger. 即使面临危险即使面临危险, 你也应当保持镇静。你也应当保持镇静。Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse. 她设法使他们平静下来她设法使他们平静下来, 不料却适得其反。不料却适得其反。 【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】keep calm 保持镇静保持镇静

20、calm down 平静下来平静下来;镇静下来镇静下来【易混辨析【易混辨析】calm主要指气候、海洋等风平浪静的；主要指气候、海洋等风平浪静的；也可指人也可指人“安静的，镇静的安静的，镇静的”keep calm保持保持镇静；不慌张镇静；不慌张quiet指没有吵闹、嘈杂的声音，也可指指没有吵闹、嘈杂的声音，也可指人性格安静人性格安静keep quiet保持保持安静安静still指保持某种姿势一动不动，也可以指保持某种姿势一动不动，也可以指环境的安静指环境的安静keep still保持保持静止静止silent强调强调“没有声音或默不作声没有声音或默不作声”keep silent保持保持沉默沉默【即

21、学活用【即学活用】用用calm/quiet/still/silent填空。填空。When facing danger, we should keep _;when taken photos, we should keep _;when someone else is asleep, we should keep _;but in class, we shouldnt keep _ about the teachers questions. 我们面对危险时应保持镇静；照相时要保持不动；当其他人我们面对危险时应保持镇静；照相时要保持不动；当其他人睡觉时应保持安静；但是在课堂上，对老师的问题不应保持

22、睡觉时应保持安静；但是在课堂上，对老师的问题不应保持沉默。沉默。calmstillquietsilent6. sceptical adj. 怀疑的；不相信的怀疑的；不相信的【语境领悟语境领悟】Scientists, however, are sceptical. 然而，然而， 科学家们对此表示怀疑。科学家们对此表示怀疑。Netizens were rather sceptical about/of that girls sympathy for the poor. 那个女孩声称同情穷人那个女孩声称同情穷人, 网友对此有些怀疑。网友对此有些怀疑。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】be sceptical a

23、bout/of sth. 怀疑某事怀疑某事sceptic n. C持怀疑态度的人；怀疑论者持怀疑态度的人；怀疑论者7. cover vt. 占地多大占地多大(面积面积) 【语境领悟【语境领悟】It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. 它大约有它大约有2 189米高，占地约米高，占地约10平方千米。平方千米。She covered her face with her hands. 她双手掩面。她双手掩面。Ill send our best reporters to cover the 20

24、16 Olympic Games. 我要派我们最优秀的记者去采访我要派我们最优秀的记者去采访2016年奥运会。年奥运会。We covered about 30 miles a day. 我们每天大约走三十英里。我们每天大约走三十英里。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】【即学活用【即学活用】Do you have enough money to _ all your daily expenses?Oh yes,enough and to spare. A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer【解析【解析】选选A。问句句意：你有足够的钱来支付你所有的日常。问句句意：你有足够的钱来支

25、付你所有的日常开销吗？开销吗？cover“支付支付”，符合句意。，符合句意。spend“花费花费”；fill“填填充充”；offer“给予给予”。12. The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. 据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪兽就据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介

26、绍，最近有人看见怪兽就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。【句式分析【句式分析】(2)seem用法一览表。用法一览表。 (to be)+形容词形容词/名词名词 好像好像，似乎，似乎seem to do sth. 好像要做，似乎要做某事好像要做，似乎要做某事 like+名词名词 像像，似乎是，似乎是It seems(to sb. )that. . . (在某人看来在某人看来)好像好像， 仿佛仿佛It seems as if (as though). . . 看样子似乎是看样子似乎是There seems to be. . . 似乎有似乎有The

27、 green leaves seemed more beautiful after the rain. 绿叶在雨后显得更美了。绿叶在雨后显得更美了。He seems to know everything. = It seems that he knows everything. 他似乎什么都知道。他似乎什么都知道。It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好几年不见了。我们似乎好几年不见了。It seems (that) he is lying. = He seems to be lying. 看样子他好像在撒谎。看样子他好像在撒谎。【即学活用【即学活用】The engine just wont start. Something seems _ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have goneC. going D. having gone【解析【解析】选选B。考查非谓语动词中的不定式。句意：发动机发。考查非谓语动词中的不定式。句意：发动机发动不起来了，似乎出问题了。动不起来了，似乎出问题了。seem之后常接不定式，表示之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了似乎怎么样了”，不接，不接doing；其次，出问题是发生在；其次，出问题是发生在seem之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。