2022年考研英语阅读理解试题及答案解析13.docx

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1、2022年考研英语阅读理解试题及答案解析13Test13ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans’lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.Suchadvancesoffe

2、rtheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeathandourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours。Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandth

3、atatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit'suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physiciansfrustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopei

4、nthepatienttoooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified。In1950,theU.S.spent$12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe$1，540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplysto

5、ppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainagesay83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirmhaveadutytodieandgetoutofthewaysothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential。Iwouldnotgothatfar.Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthroughtheir60sandbeyond,and

6、remaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSumnerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO'Connorisinher70s,andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsanInternetstart-upinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywi

7、thage.Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave。Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit.Askaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivest

8、hanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunderfundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople'slives。1Whatisimpliedinthefirstsentence?AAmericansarebetterpreparedfordeaththanotherpeople。BAmericansenjoyahigherlifequalitythaneverbefore。CAmericansareover-confidentof

9、theirmedicaltechnology。DAmericanstakeavainprideintheirlonglifeexpectancy。查看原文2TheauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthatAmedicalresourcesareoftenwasted。Bdoctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseases。Csometreatmentsaretooaggressive。Dmedicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable。查看原文3Theauthor'sattitudetowa

10、rdRichardLamm'sremarkisoneofAstrongdisapproval。Breservedconsent。Cslightcontempt。Denthusiasticsupport。查看原文4IncontrastotheU.S.,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedicalcareAmoreflexibly。Bmoreextravagantly。Cmorecautiously。Dmorereasonably。查看原文5ThetextintendstoexpresstheideathatAmedicinewillfurtherprolong

11、people'slives。Blifebeyondacertainlimitisnotworthliving。Cdeathshouldbeacceptedasafactoflife。Dexcessivedemandsincreasethecostofhealthcare。查看原文Huntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder,ajobdatabaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite’spe

12、rsonalsearchagent.It’saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalary,thenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal,intellectualproperty,andWashington,D.C.Threeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening.Istruckgold

13、,’saysRedmon,whoE-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselforacompany。Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanbetime-consumingandinefficient.Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,ca

14、reerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminateapossibility。saysoneexpert。Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconceptwhatyouthinkyouwanttodothenbroadenit.Noneoftheseprogramsdothat,saysanotherexpert.There’snocareercounselin

15、gimplicitinallofthis。Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase;whenyougetE-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain.Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide。Som

16、esitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareerSite’sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;jobhunterswillhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthemandtheydo.Onthed

17、ayafterwesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,saysSethPeets,vicepresidentofmarketingforCareerSite。Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingfor

18、araise.Althoughhappilyemployed,RedmonmaintainshisagentatCareerBuilder.Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,hesays.Workingwithapersonalsearchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou。6HowdidRedmonfindhisjob?ABysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.BBypostingamatchingpositioninadatabaseCByusingaspecialserviceof

19、adatabaseDByE-mailinghisresumetoadatabase。查看原文7Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchagents?ALackofcounseling。BLimitednumberofvisits。CLowerefficiency。DFewersuccessfulmatches。查看原文8Theexpressiontipservice(Line3,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeansAadvisory.Bcompensation.Cinteraction.Dreminder。查看原文9Whyd

20、oesCareerSite’sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejoboptions?ATofocusonbetterjobmatches.BToattractmorereturningvisits。CToreservespaceformoremessages。DToincreasetherateofsuccess。查看原文10Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?APersonalsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-hunters。BSomesiteskeepE-mailingjobseekerstotracetheirdemands。CPersonalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadyemployed。DSomeagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyareemployed。查看原文第8页 共8页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页第 8 页 共 8 页