高考听力命题特点及解题技巧.ppt

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1、高考英语听力 命题特点及解题技巧( (一）一）儋州市第一中学儋州市第一中学 郑丽华郑丽华命题特点命题特点注意事项注意事项提问方式提问方式解题技巧解题技巧一、听前活动一、听前活动（pre-listeningpre-listening）：思考思考 & & 讨论：讨论：1 1、高考听力命题有什么特点？、高考听力命题有什么特点？2 2、考前应注意什么事项？、考前应注意什么事项？高考听力命题特点高考听力命题特点 听力测试是考查学生理解口头语言听力测试是考查学生理解口头语言能力的测试。听力测试的材料比阅读能力的测试。听力测试的材料比阅读材料要容易，基本上没有超纲的词语材料要容易，基本上没有超纲的词语（但常

2、会出现一些陌生的人名或地（但常会出现一些陌生的人名或地名）。名）。 大多数听力材料来源于英语国家的大多数听力材料来源于英语国家的生活会话，题材广泛，涉及英语国家生活会话，题材广泛，涉及英语国家日常生活的许多方面，具有明显的口日常生活的许多方面，具有明显的口语特征，听起来自然真实。语特征，听起来自然真实。高考听力命题特点高考听力命题特点、对话或独白都通过具体语言内容对话或独白都通过具体语言内容表明一个特定的语境。理解语境是把表明一个特定的语境。理解语境是把握所听内容的关键，是理解材料内容握所听内容的关键，是理解材料内容的前提。的前提。、材料一般由材料一般由1010段左右的对话和独段左右的对话和独

3、白构成，总词数为白构成，总词数为850850左右。除了一些左右。除了一些专有词外，材料中一般没有生词。专有词外，材料中一般没有生词。高考听力命题特点高考听力命题特点、答案分布均匀，各选项的答案答案分布均匀，各选项的答案总数接近于平均值。总数接近于平均值。、语速一般为语速一般为150170wpm150170wpm。考前注意事项考前注意事项沉着冷静，精力集中，要有良好的心理素质。沉着冷静，精力集中，要有良好的心理素质。考生务必克服紧张情绪，保持良好的心理状态，考生务必克服紧张情绪，保持良好的心理状态，心情放松，充满自信。不要因为前一题没有听心情放松，充满自信。不要因为前一题没有听懂而影响情绪，也不

4、要因为某个词没有听懂而懂而影响情绪，也不要因为某个词没有听懂而苦思冥想，从而影响下面的内容。做题时要果苦思冥想，从而影响下面的内容。做题时要果断而决不能犹豫不决，以致造成一步跟不上步断而决不能犹豫不决，以致造成一步跟不上步步跟不上的情形。步跟不上的情形。 听前预读，有的放矢。听前预读，有的放矢。考生拿到试卷后利用听之前的时间及题与题之间考生拿到试卷后利用听之前的时间及题与题之间的间隙时间，快速抢读问题和选项，带着问题有的间隙时间，快速抢读问题和选项，带着问题有目的的听录音能提高准确率。目的的听录音能提高准确率。3.3. 随听随记，无把握就猜。随听随记，无把握就猜。 对于材料中出现的一些数字、地

5、名和人名等对于材料中出现的一些数字、地名和人名等关键词，如果觉得没有把握，可以随听随记在关键词，如果觉得没有把握，可以随听随记在草稿纸上，以便回答问题时查用。但是注意不草稿纸上，以便回答问题时查用。但是注意不要影响听音。此外，考生还要善于运用自己所要影响听音。此外，考生还要善于运用自己所获得的信息，根据读音或者上下文进行快速的获得的信息，根据读音或者上下文进行快速的判断和猜测，进行优化处理。判断和猜测，进行优化处理。4. 4. 抓住要点，细辨信息。抓住要点，细辨信息。 不管是对话还是独白，注意力一定要集中在不管是对话还是独白，注意力一定要集中在整体内容的理解上，切不可只停留在个别单词整体内容的

6、理解上，切不可只停留在个别单词或单句上，听不清马上放弃，不能强迫自己听或单句上，听不清马上放弃，不能强迫自己听清每一个单词，要把重点放在听关键词以及与清每一个单词，要把重点放在听关键词以及与问题有关的内容上。问题有关的内容上。听力设问涉及到听力设问涉及到哪些相关内容？哪些相关内容？提问内容：提问内容：一、一、数字与计算数字与计算 二、二、地点与场合地点与场合三、三、身份与职业身份与职业 四、四、推理与判断推理与判断五、五、主旨与要义主旨与要义 六、六、原因与结果原因与结果七、七、行为与计划行为与计划一、数字和计算一、数字和计算思考：思考： 有关有关数字和计算数字和计算的高的高考听力命题有何特点

7、呢？考听力命题有何特点呢？二、二、听中活动听中活动(while-listening)一、数字和计算一、数字和计算提问方式：提问方式： When did the plane take off?When will the train arrive?What time is it now?How long did the meeting last?Whats the price of the car?How much per pound are the oranges?How much did the man spend on the tickets?How much does the woman

8、have to pay for the dress?数字与计算时间数字与计算时间1 When should the woman go to meet the man?A. At 10:00 B. At 10:30 C. At 11:00 W: Can I see you at 10:00,Professor Smith? M: Im sorry, Susan, but Im having a class then. Why not come half an hour later? 10:00+30=10:30 B涉及数字计算的听力大致可分为三类：涉及数字计算的听力大致可分为三类： 加减法计算加

9、减法计算 乘除法计算乘除法计算 混合计算混合计算 一般是在听到的两个数字中换算。一般是在听到的两个数字中换算。 在做题的过程当中：在做题的过程当中：1最好做简要的笔记，依笔记去区分或计算，最好做简要的笔记，依笔记去区分或计算， 计算速度很关键。计算速度很关键。2这类题的特点是学生听到什么就选什么往往这类题的特点是学生听到什么就选什么往往会出错。会出错。解题技巧指导：解题技巧指导：数字与计算 时间2 When did the plane leave?At 12:05. B. At 12:20. C. At 11:50W: The flight for Seattle left 15 minute

10、s ago.M: Thats right. Its already 12:05. 12:05 -15=11:50. C数字与计算数字与计算3:1.How many paper flowers did the woman make yesterday?A.40 B.50 C.80M: I made only 20 paper flowers yesterday. How many did you make, Mary?W: Two and a half times as many as you did. (B) 20X2.5=50数字与计算时间数字与计算时间4 2009湖南湖南卷卷When wi

11、ll they get there for the play?A.9:00 B. 10:00 C. 10:30W: What time does the play start?M: At 10:30. If we leave by 9 oclock, We should be able to get there half an hour before the play.What was the normal price of the T-shirt? A.$15 B.$30. C.$50.W: So what did you buy?M: A T-shit, it was a real bar

12、gain. I got it half price, saving 15 dollars. 15X2=30数字与计算数字与计算5 2010 年高考年高考 海南卷第海南卷第2题题数字与计算数字与计算6 2011海南卷第海南卷第3题题At what time will the two speakers meet?A.5:20 B. 5:10 C.4:40M: Lets meet at 4:40 (20 to 5).W: Well, could we make it 5:20.M: Thats a bit late for me. I could manage 10 past.W: Okay see

13、 you then.二、地点和场合二、地点和场合思考：思考： 有关有关地点和场合地点和场合的高的高考听力命题有何特点呢？考听力命题有何特点呢？涉及地点的对话可分为三类：涉及地点的对话可分为三类：对话双方在同一地点对话双方在同一地点对话双方在或要去不同的地方对话双方在或要去不同的地方对话双方的一方去了多个地方对话双方的一方去了多个地方Where does the conversation take place?Where is the conversation most likely taking place?Where is the man woman now?Where are the tw

14、o speakers？二、地点和场合二、地点和场合提问方式：提问方式： 根据以下对话编写一道地点和场合题。根据以下对话编写一道地点和场合题。W: Excuse me ,Sir .Visiting hours are over now. You must leave, so your wife can get some sleep.M :Pardon me ,nurse. I didnt hear the bell, or I would have left earlier. Where does the conversation take place? A . In a hospital .

15、B. In a church . C. In a museum.二、地点和场合二、地点和场合 地点和场合地点和场合1 1 Where is the woman most probably ?A. At a bank B. At a restaurant C. In he post office W: Excuse me , Id like to change some dollars into Renminbi, please.M: Yes. How many dollars ?( A )解题技巧：解题技巧：抓住一些和特定地点相关的常用词抓住一些和特定地点相关的常用词。 地点和场合地点和场合解

16、题技巧：抓住一些和特定地点相关的解题技巧：抓住一些和特定地点相关的常用词常用词。一般情况下，试题常出现的地点有：学校、商店、餐馆、一般情况下，试题常出现的地点有：学校、商店、餐馆、车站、机场、医院、邮局等。下面列出其相关词：车站、机场、医院、邮局等。下面列出其相关词：School：lecture，paper，exam，grades， teacher playground Restaurant：menu，soup，drink，order，billAirport/Station ：train，time table，take off，passenger，flightPost office：parce

17、l，package，stamp，postage Hospital：cold，fever，pain，cough，trouble，temperature. 地点和场合2 09 年海南卷Where are the speakers?A.In a restaurant. B. In a hotel.C. In a school.M: Id like to stay two nights please.W: Do you want full board or half board?M: Whats the different?W: Full board includes all meals and ha

18、lf board includes just breakfast and dinner.(B)含早餐中餐或晚餐（含早餐中餐或晚餐（half boardhalf board），），含早中晚三餐（含早中晚三餐（full boardfull board），）， 地点和场合地点和场合3 3 20102010年高考年高考 海南卷第海南卷第5 5题题Where are the speakers? A In a store B In a classroom C At a hotelW: May I help you, sir.M: Yes, I seem to have lost my room key.W

19、: In that case, you need to go to the front desk to get another one.三、判断人物身份、职业和关系三、判断人物身份、职业和关系思考：思考： 有关有关人物身份、职业人物身份、职业和关系和关系的高考听力命题的高考听力命题有何特点呢？有何特点呢？三、判断人物身份、职业和关系三、判断人物身份、职业和关系 提问方式：提问方式： What does the womanman do ?Whats the womansmans job? What is the manwoman? Whats the most probable relation

20、ship between the two speakers? Who are the two speakers? 职业职业1Whats the mans job? A. A shop assistant. B. A tailor. C. A salesman.M: May I help you?W: The collar（领子） on this jacket is too small. Can you make it larger?M: Let me look at it. I can do it for twenty dollars. （B）解题技巧：解题技巧：注意对话发生的地点和谈话的内容

21、注意对话发生的地点和谈话的内容1What does the woman probably do?A. A nurse. B. An editor. C. A housewife.M: My work is rather hard, but its interesting.W: Mine isnt hard, but its not interesting.M: What do you do?W: I work in a publishing house（出版社）（出版社）. （B）职业职业21.Whats the relationship between the two speakersA.M

22、other and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Friends.W: Look here, darling. The paper says people will feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day. ?M: That may be true for you, but it certainly isnt true for me. (B )人物关系人物关系解题技巧：解题技巧： 一般来说，高考听力的对话部分都是由一男一一般来说，高考听力的对话部分都是由一男一女朗读，谈话双方的声音特点明显不同，身份女朗

23、读，谈话双方的声音特点明显不同，身份明确，所以，对于身份确定题而言，可以起到明确，所以，对于身份确定题而言，可以起到一定的帮助作用。基本可以听出是上下级关系，一定的帮助作用。基本可以听出是上下级关系，同事同事( (同学同学/ /朋友朋友) )关系，长辈与晚辈关系等。关系，长辈与晚辈关系等。并且对话其中会有大量场景词汇出现，在称呼、并且对话其中会有大量场景词汇出现，在称呼、打招呼的方式、自我介绍等，语言交流过程中打招呼的方式、自我介绍等，语言交流过程中都会体现出来，通过听力特训会很容易掌握。都会体现出来，通过听力特训会很容易掌握。人物关系人物关系 解题技巧解题技巧：如夫妻对话会用如夫妻对话会用d

24、ear/darlingdear/darling等，听到等，听到“My dear”My dear”就可就可判断为夫妻或其他家庭成员判断为夫妻或其他家庭成员( (如母子、父女等如母子、父女等) )之间的关之间的关系；系；听到听到“Whats wrong with you?”Whats wrong with you?”、“Nothing Nothing serious.”serious.”和和“Take this medicine.”Take this medicine.”就可判断为医就可判断为医患关系；患关系；听到听到“fare”fare”、“Taxi”Taxi”就可判断出为车主与就可判断出为车主

25、与乘客关系；乘客关系；听到听到“renew”renew”、“library”library”就可判断为图就可判断为图书管理员与读者关系；书管理员与读者关系；听到听到“Can I help you?”Can I help you?”和和“What can I do for you?”What can I do for you?”等句子，就可判断为服务等句子，就可判断为服务员与顾客关系；员与顾客关系；听到听到homework, class, exerciseshomework, class, exercises可判可判断双方的关系可能是老师和学生；断双方的关系可能是老师和学生；对话中提到对话中提到

26、buy, buy, changechange就应有就应有salesmansalesman或或salesgirlsalesgirl等；等；type the type the letterletter可能是老板和秘书。可能是老板和秘书。 人物关系人物关系 解题技巧解题技巧：2. Whats the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. M: Hi, Mary. Very glad to see you here.W: Hi, R

27、obert. Im glad to see you here, too.M: Your bike is so beautiful. Where was it made?W: In China. (A)3.Whats the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Strangers. B. Neighbors. C. Teacher and student.M: Lovely day, isnt it?W: Yes, isnt it? In our city we havent such a day.M: Its a pity. B

28、y the way, what part of the world do you come from?W: France. What about you? (A )人物关系人物关系征服英语听力4. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A.Teacher and student. B. Parent and child.C. Shop assistant and customer.M: Excuse me. How much is the T-shirt?W: Its 35 dollars. M: But its too small

29、 for me. Do you have a bigger one?W: Yes. Here you areW: Hello, Thomas Brothers.M: Hello, this is Mike Landon here. Is Jack Cooper there by any chance?W: I am afraid not, he is away for a day or two, back on, lets see, Monday morning.M: Oh, well perhaps I can leave a message for him.W: Yes, of cours

30、e, just a minute. Now, lets see, to Jack Cooper from Mike London.M: No, Landon, L-a-n-d-o-n.W: Sorry, yes, got that, and whats the message?M: Well its just this: could he come to a meeting on Monday afternoon at 5:00 pm?W: Thats this coming Monday, October 12th?M: Right, its to discuss the new facto

31、ry in France.W: Fine, Ive got that. I will see that he gets it as soon as he comes in on Monday.M: Good, thank you, goodbye.What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper? A His wife B His boss C His secretary人物关系人物关系 2010年高考海南卷年高考海南卷 第第11题题三、听后活动三、听后活动(post-listening)1、小结：、小结： 今天学了哪些听力解题技巧？今天学了哪些听力解题技巧？

32、2、作业：、作业： 晚修前晚修前10分认真听高三年级分认真听高三年级 征服英语听力征服英语听力广播广播Bye-bye高考英语听力 命题特点及解题技巧( (二）二）儋州市第一中学儋州市第一中学 郑丽华郑丽华一、听前活动（一、听前活动（pre-listening）：）：温故而知新：温故而知新：上节课学了哪些听力上节课学了哪些听力解题技巧？解题技巧？提问内容：提问内容：一、数字与计算一、数字与计算二、地点与场合二、地点与场合三、身份与职业三、身份与职业四、推理与判断四、推理与判断五、主旨与要义五、主旨与要义六、原因与结果六、原因与结果七、行为与计划七、行为与计划二、听中活动二、听中活动(while-

33、listening)(while-listening) 4 4、逻辑推理、逻辑推理提问方式：提问方式： What does he/she mean?What does the man/woman imply?What is the most probable result of the conversation?What can we learn from what the speaker said?What can we infer (conclude) from the conversation? 该类试题多为一个说话人提出问题，发出邀请或者该类试题多为一个说话人提出问题，发出邀请或者表明

34、观点等，另一个不做正面回答，而是说一些与表表明观点等，另一个不做正面回答，而是说一些与表面上毫不相关的话，或用反问做答，或重复对方话语面上毫不相关的话，或用反问做答，或重复对方话语的一部分，通过语气，语调表明自己的态度。我们必的一部分，通过语气，语调表明自己的态度。我们必须要听懂说话者的弦外之音，做出正确判断。须要听懂说话者的弦外之音，做出正确判断。1捕捉捕捉“弦外之音弦外之音“，如，如降调降调表示表示赞同肯定赞同肯定；升调升调表表示示疑问否定疑问否定。2侧重侧重but/however/though等词后的信息，这些词等词后的信息，这些词后往往表后往往表转折转折。3注意一些语法结构的运用，如虚

35、拟语气表示与事实注意一些语法结构的运用，如虚拟语气表示与事实相反；否定比较级结构表示最高级；定语从句对人和相反；否定比较级结构表示最高级；定语从句对人和事进一步修饰。事进一步修饰。解题指导：解题指导：1.What does the woman mean? A. She doesnt know Mike. B. Mike is no longer her good friend. C. Mike is now her good friend.M: Do you know Mike very well, Mary?W: Yes, I do. We used to be good friends,

36、but now we dont even talk to each other. （B）逻辑推理逻辑推理12What does the man mean? A. He cant go to the cinema. B. He can go to the cinema on Saturday morning. C. He can go to the cinema on Saturday evening.W: Will you go to the cinema this Saturday, Bob?M: Im afraid I cant. Ill have my music lessons the

37、n.W: I didnt mean in the morning or afternoon. I meant in the evening.M: Oh, thats quite a different thing. （C）逻辑推理逻辑推理23What does the man mean? A. He wrote the new play. B. He got the biggest part. C. Hes glad to act any part.W: Did you get a part in the new play, Samuel?M: Well, I tried out for th

38、e biggest part, but I didnt get it. I got a small part instead. W: Did you feel bad about it?M: Not really. Its better than nothing. （C）逻辑推理逻辑推理 35 5、理解主旨要义、理解主旨要义提问方式提问方式What are the two speakers talking aboutdiscussing?What is the conversation mainly about?解题指导：解题指导：这类题主要问的是该对话谈论这类题主要问的是该对话谈论的主题是什

39、么。特点是对话双的主题是什么。特点是对话双方都在谈一个内容。要求学生方都在谈一个内容。要求学生注意对话的注意对话的完整性完整性，在答题时，在答题时把双方的内容联系起来考虑。把双方的内容联系起来考虑。要求考生有一定的提纲挈领的要求考生有一定的提纲挈领的能力，并概括出对话的要点。能力，并概括出对话的要点。1. What are the speakers talking about ?A.An outdoor picnic.B.The global environment.C.The air quality M :Do you know anything about the pollution le

40、vel today ?W : The weather report said that its not too bad, so we should be able to go out .理解主旨要义理解主旨要义1 12009重庆卷 5征服英语听力第100页What is the conversation mainly about?A.The womans studyB.The womans friend.C.The womans trouble.M: How was your French going?W: Very well. Im making progress and I find it

41、 worth the time and trouble理解主旨要义理解主旨要义2 2主旨要义主旨要义3 2008全国卷全国卷IWhat are the speakers talking about ?A. The mans sister . B. A film.C. An actor.W : I hate to say it . But Jackie isnt doing well in the film. M: Well, I think hes only playing a different type of role. My sister thinks he is still the b

42、est .主旨要义主旨要义4、2010年高考海南卷第年高考海南卷第12题题 12 What is the message about? A meeting B. A visit to France C. The date for a tripW: Hello, Thomas Brothers.M: Hello, this is Mike Landon here. Is Jack Cooper there by any chance?W: I am afraid not, he is away for a day or two, back on, lets see, Monday morning

43、.M: Oh, well perhaps I can leave a message for him.W: Yes, of course, just a minute. Now, lets see, to Jack Cooper from Mike London.M: No, Landon, L-a-n-d-o-n.W: Sorry, yes, got that, and whats the message?M: Well its just this: could he come to a meeting on Monday afternoon at 5:00 pm?W: Thats this

44、 coming Monday, October 12th?M: Right, its to discuss the new factory in France.W: Fine, Ive got that. I will see that he gets it as soon as he comes in on Monday.M: Good, thank you, goodbye.6、原因和结果、原因和结果提问方式：提问方式： Why is she lateangrydisappointed?Why didntcouldnt he she go to the theatre?What is th

45、e reason for her leaving for New York?涉及因果关系的对话主要有两种情况：涉及因果关系的对话主要有两种情况：先结果，后原因先结果，后原因；先原因，后结果先原因，后结果。一般说来，。一般说来，涉及因果关系的题目的重点在原因上，因此要特涉及因果关系的题目的重点在原因上，因此要特别注意对话中后者的答语。做此类题目：别注意对话中后者的答语。做此类题目：1熟练掌握表示因果关系的词或者词组：熟练掌握表示因果关系的词或者词组：because、since、so、as、because of、as a result of、cause、result in 、due to、owin

46、g to、on account of、now that、so that等。等。2通过问题和选项预测，在听的过程中注通过问题和选项预测，在听的过程中注意表示因果关系表达法、习惯用语、虚拟语气及意表示因果关系表达法、习惯用语、虚拟语气及分词的时态和语态。分词的时态和语态。解题指导：解题指导：因果关系因果关系(why )1Why is Jim so excited? A. He has got some money from his parents. B. He has moved to a new house. C. His girl friend has promised to marry hi

47、mW: Hi, Jim. I havent seen you for several days. Have you moved into your new house yet?M: Yes, and Im so excited about it.W: Why are you so excited?M: I used to live in a small cold room all the year round. But now things have completely changed! （B）因果因果 2009海海南卷南卷Why does the woman plan to go to t

48、own?A. To pay her bills in the bank.B. To buy books in a bookstore.C. To get some money from the bank.M: Did you say you were driving to town this morning?W: Yes, I have to draw some money from the bank to pay my bookstore bills. (C)Why did Sally stay outside?A.Because she didnt like dance.B.Because

49、 she thought its too noisy insideC.Because she didnt like to meet people.M: Dont you like to dance, Sally?W: Yes. But I cant stand the noise inside. Id better stay outside if you dont mind. (B)因果因果but 之后之后征服英语听力 09全国卷全国卷112页页87、建议、行为与计划、建议、行为与计划提问方式：提问方式： What does the manwoman suggest the manwoman

50、do?What does the manwoman mean? 涉及建议、行动与计划的对话大致可分涉及建议、行动与计划的对话大致可分为三类：为三类：1 1、对话涉及一方行动。对话涉及一方行动。2 2、对话涉及双方行动。对话涉及双方行动。3 3、对话涉及他人行动。对话涉及他人行动。特点：特点：信息量多，不须推理，只须听清记准信息量多，不须推理，只须听清记准对话内容。对话内容。若题目涉及一方，则要记清行为若题目涉及一方，则要记清行为相对应的时间和先后顺序；若题目涉及双方，相对应的时间和先后顺序；若题目涉及双方，则要听清记准谁干了什么或要干什么。则要听清记准谁干了什么或要干什么。 解题指导解题指导: