基本结构-五大句型.ppt

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1、基本句型基本句型 一一 此句型的句子有一个共同特此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。语从句等。 （不及物动词）（不及物动词）1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man4. We all 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.He10.Theyflies. rose. cooked. eat, and drink.laughed? woke. talked for h

2、alf an hour.walked yesterday is playinghave gone基本句型 二 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：词分两类：be, look, feel,smell,taste,soundbe, look, feel,smell,taste,sound等属一类，表示

3、情况；等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, get, grow, become, turn,goturn,go等属另一类，表示变化。等属另一类，表示变化。be be 本身没有什本身没有什么意义么意义, ,只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词只起连系主语和表的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义另仍保持其部分词义另:stay,prove,remain,stand:stay,prove,remain,stand（是系动词）（是系动词）(表语表语)1. This 2. The dinner3. He 4. Everything5. He 6. The book 7. The weath

4、er 8. His face is smells(闻闻)fell looks is is becameturned an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting.warmer. red. 基本句型基本句型 三三 此句型句子的共同特点是：谓此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫者，才能使意思完整。

5、这类动词叫做及物动词。做及物动词。（实义动词）（实义动词）(宾语宾语) 1. Who 2. She 3. He 8. He 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 4. He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts.to have a cup of tea. Good morning. 基本句型基本句型 四四 此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意动词必须跟有两

6、个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。另一个是动作的间接承受者。 通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。（及（及物）物）（多（多指人）指人）（多指物）（多指物）1. She2. She 3. He 8. He 5. I 6. I 7. I 4. He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told show

7、ed himher husband you her him him mea new dress. a delicious meal. a dictionary. nothing. my pictures. a hand. how to run the machine. that the bus was late. 基本句型基本句型 五五 此句型的句子的共同特点是：此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。语，才能使意思完

8、整。（及物）（及物） （宾语）（宾语）（宾补）（宾补）1. We 2. They3. They 4. They5. What 6. We 7. He 8. I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean. green. dinner. dirty. sad? out. to come back soon. getting on the bus. （二）（二） 除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是

9、在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五（面以基本句型五（v+o+o.c）为例：）为例： We found the hall full. 我们发现礼堂坐满了。我们发现礼堂坐满了。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学

10、生和教师。我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current a

11、ffairs in East Europe. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。 不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握掌握动词的类型动词的类型。以。以 get 为例：为例： Hes getting angry. (S V P) He got through the window. (S V O) Youll get a surprise. (S V O) He got his shoes and s

12、ocks wet. (S V O C) He got himself into trouble. (S V O C) He got her a splendid present. (S V 0 O) 在句子中在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思: I found the book easily. 我很容易地找到了这本书。我很容易地找到了这本书。S V O M） I found the book easy. 我觉得这本书很容易。我觉得这本书很容易。 （S V O C） I have to do something. 我得做点事。我得做点事。 I hav

13、e something to do. 我有点事做。我有点事做。 A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah, returns with her family following the ceasefire, at the Lebanon-Syria border in Magdel Anjar August 14, 2006. S + V A 53-point win over South Korea wrapped up a perfect Asi

14、an exhibition tour for a star-studded U.S. team on its way to the world championships. S + V + O Ministry: Thai bird flu did not originate in China According to the current information held by the Chinese authorities, a verdict arrived at by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

15、 and the bird flu research and test centre of Thailand was arbitrary and based on the fact that the virus found in Thailand and Laos was similar to recent finds in southern China, the ministrys statement said. s+v+p A policeman removes a check point notice from the road to the village where bird flu

16、 patient were found in Zhongwei County, northwest Ningxia Autonomous Region, August 12, 2006. XinhuaMembers of Hong Kong singing group, Gillian Chung (L) and Charlene Choi hold a banner which reads “Dignity” during a news conference entitled “Privacy and dignity: Hong Kong peoples business” in Hong

17、Kong August 28, 2006. Semi-nude(半裸半裸) photos of Chung taken with a hidden camera have sparked an uproar(骚动骚动) among fans and womens right groups. S+ V+O First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematic

18、al minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. （NMET2003.C篇）篇） 这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，

19、她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。 简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。两个定语从句。 Even though there may be a tendency in some rare families to live extraordinarily long, the genetic influence that emerged from the studies of twins was sig

20、nificantly less than much of the public and many scientists think it is. S+V+P Josephine Tesauro, left, active and healthy at 92, is part of a study trying to determine why some people age better than others, even when they are closely related. Washington says world powers are poised to begin discus

21、sing punitive measures next week against Iran if, as expected, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reports Teheran has ignored the UN demand to stop enriching uranium by August 31. 英语句式考查英语句式考查1.Whom would you rather_ the car? My father. A. have fix B. have to fix C. had fix D. have to be

22、fixed2.Was it 8 oclock _you heard someone_ at the door? A.when;knocking B.when;knock C.that;knocking D.that;knock3.Was it in the room_ Mr. John lived_the exhibition was held? A.that;that B.where;where C.that;where D.where;that4.Is _ you want to say? Yes,_ thats all I know. A.all what;yet B.which all

23、;unless C.that all; D.all that;so5.Was it not until 1920_ regular radio broadcasts began? A.while B.which C.that D.since6._the house Mr Zhang has been broken into? A.When was it that B.When has C.Has D.Had7.Did_ she was chosen make her very happy? A.what B.that C.which D.it8.Was it at the air battle

24、 on June 8,1994,_ was led by captain Johnson,_ Peter lost his life? A.when;that B.that;who C.which;that D.which;when9.-Would you tell me _you want your tea, with sugar or milk? -Sugar, please. A.whether B.when C.what D.how10.At last the soldiers reached _the locals called the Golden Triangle. A.what

25、 B.which C.as D.one11. “Well make public schools _can be.”said the president in the speech. A.what they B.what it C.that they D.all it12.The art center is _used to be a factory, _ millions of tractors were made. A.what, where B.where, where C.what, which D.where, which13.The thought of going home to

26、 his family was all _kept him happy while he was working abroad . A.that B.what C.those D.which14. I am ashamed, sir, that I wasted the many hours _ I should have studied in class. A. while B. as C. once D. when 15. Teachers should create an environment_ children are taught how to solve problems of learning by themselves. A.why B.where C.which D.whose