短文改错方法讲解.ppt

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1、短文改错 一、词类错误冠词错误冠词错误(1)After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. 解析解析因因hour以元音音素开头。以元音音素开头。答案答案aan(2)Good health is persons most valuable possession. 解析单数名词前加解析单数名词前加a，表泛指，表泛指。答案答案persons前加前加 the名词错误名词错误(1)I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. 解析解析some time意为意为“某时某时”

2、。答案答案timestime(2)They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. 解析解析因其前有表示复数意义的修饰语因其前有表示复数意义的修饰语lots of。答案答案questionquestions代词错误代词错误(1)We climb everywhere，not only in America.They have been to Europe many times. 解析解析前后人称不一致。前后人称不一致。答案答案TheyWe(2)The Smiths did his best

3、 to make me feel at home. 解析解析因前面的因前面的the Smiths指的是指的是“史密斯夫妇史密斯夫妇/一家一家”，是复数意义。是复数意义。答案答案histheir形容词副词错误形容词副词错误(1)The air is cleanly and the mountains are green. 解析解析 is后面接形容词后面接形容词。答案答案cleanlyclean(2)As a result，people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. 解析解析

4、因为因为longer本身已是比较级本身已是比较级，不能再用不能再用more修饰。修饰。答案答案去掉去掉more介词错误介词错误(1)Bill insisted in staying near the car. 解析解析insist on为固定搭配。为固定搭配。答案答案inon(2).you pay the cost of send a postcard，the librarian will write to you. 解析解析因为介词后接动名词作宾语。因为介词后接动名词作宾语。答案答案sendsending动词错误动词错误(1)Last summer holiday, i went to th

5、e beach with my family. We have great fun there. 解析解析last summer holiday此处应该用过去时态此处应该用过去时态。答案答案havehad(2)Books may be keep for four weeks. 解析解析因此处要用被动语态。因此处要用被动语态。答案答案keepkept(3)They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions. 解析解析因此处缺谓语动词。因此处缺谓语动词。答案答案eager前加前加were二、句法错误1.主

6、谓一致主谓一致常考点如下：常考点如下：(1)由由or，nor，either.or，neither.nor，not only.but also等连接并列主语时，等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则就近原则； (2)当主语是当主语是A with/together with/as well as/including/.B时，谓语动词的单复数时，谓语动词的单复数由由A决定，遵循决定，遵循就远原则就远原则；(3)动名词、不定式或名词从句作主语动名词、不定式或名词从句作主语时，谓语动词常用时，谓语动词常用单数单数；(4)“half/most/part/the rest/分数分

7、数/百分数百分数of名词名词”作主语作主语时，谓语动词要和时，谓语动词要和of之后的名词的单复数保持一致之后的名词的单复数保持一致；(5)a quantity of/quantities of后既可接复数名词，也可接不可数名词，其谓语动后既可接复数名词，也可接不可数名词，其谓语动词一般词一般取决于取决于quantity的单复数的单复数。试辨析下列三个例句试辨析下列三个例句(1)The father and his two children often _（play） football in the park on Sunday.(2)The father as well as his two

8、children often _（play） football in the park on Sunday.(3)Not only the two children but also their father often _（play） football in the park on Sunday.答案：答案：play; plays; plays2.连接词连接词名词性从句中的连接词，定语从句中的关系词，状语从句中的连接词，以及名词性从句中的连接词，定语从句中的关系词，状语从句中的连接词，以及主从复合句和并列句中的连接词等。特别是主从复合句和并列句中的连接词等。特别是对对which和和that引

9、导定语从句引导定语从句、that引引导的同位语从句导的同位语从句的考查。的考查。People would like to take part in this contest should go to the office of the Students Union and sign up. 解析解析定语从句缺少引导词。此句中的引导词定语从句缺少引导词。此句中的引导词who或或that在从句中作主语在从句中作主语，不不能省略。能省略。答案答案People后加后加who或或that3.句子成分赘余句子成分赘余(2014四川四川)If you notice that when someone is

10、missing and (or) hurt，tell your teacher immediately. 解析解析该句的意思是该句的意思是“若发现有人失踪或受伤了若发现有人失踪或受伤了，就要立刻告诉老师就要立刻告诉老师”。句中的。句中的if引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句，when多余。多余。答案答案去掉去掉when4.4.缺词错误缺词错误(2014陕西陕西)He wanted teach me about animals，insects and trees. 解析解析want作作“想要做某事想要做某事”讲时后接带讲时后接带to的不定式。的不定式。答案答案wanted后加后加to三、语篇型错误

11、语篇型错误包括：上下文中时态是否一致；上下文中代词是否一致；上下文语篇型错误包括：上下文中时态是否一致；上下文中代词是否一致；上下文中逻辑是否一致；上下文中词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。中逻辑是否一致；上下文中词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。(2014浙江浙江)Then everyone in the carriage began searching ( for) the ticket，which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. 解析解析此处的此处的owner指的是车票的所有者指的是车票的所有者，所以应

12、该用所以应该用its。答案答案hisits(1)We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do.(2)We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sat by the lake listening music.(3)Our school is far away from my home. I go here by bus everyday. (4)The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and t

13、rusting each other.（5）This would save the life of many animals，some of them have almost died out. (6)The number of iPads imported this year are three times as many as that of last year. (7)If the book you will want is out，you may ask for it to be called back for you. (8)Lily always aims highly in he

14、r study.应试答题注意事项：应试答题注意事项：1.1.规范作答规范作答改法只有三种符号，增加删除和修改，不能随意创造各种修改符号改法只有三种符号，增加删除和修改，不能随意创造各种修改符号2.2.以句为单位改错以句为单位改错短文改错短文改错1010个错误，通常个错误，通常8 8个改错个改错1 1个增加个增加1 1个删除。做题时应以整句话为单位寻找错个删除。做题时应以整句话为单位寻找错误，不要按一行来做题。一句至多有两处错误，基本不会出现倆错误相邻的情形误，不要按一行来做题。一句至多有两处错误，基本不会出现倆错误相邻的情形3. 3. 把可省略的词加上不是改错把可省略的词加上不是改错如在及物动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连词如在及物动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连词thatthat常可省略。若考生缺词加上常可省略。若考生缺词加上thatthat，则不得分则不得分4.4.带连字符的合成词应视为一个词带连字符的合成词应视为一个词若该词出错，改动时应写出完整形式。例如若该词出错，改动时应写出完整形式。例如looker-onlooker-on改复数，应改成改复数，应改成lookers-onlookers-on