完形解题技巧3.ppt

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1、Cloze Text 高考完形填空所选短文多高考完形填空所选短文多为夹叙夹议的小故事，篇为夹叙夹议的小故事，篇幅稳定，结构完整幅稳定，结构完整, 层次分层次分明，逻辑性强。明，逻辑性强。一、命题特点一、命题特点1、考查目的：、考查目的： 完型填空是对一篇语意完整的短文有目的的挖完型填空是对一篇语意完整的短文有目的的挖出一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在重新出一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在重新理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个空格的被选选项做出尽可能合理的对每个空格的被选选项做出尽可能合理的分析判分析判断断，从中选出正确答案或，从中

2、选出正确答案或最佳答案最佳答案，使重新建构，使重新建构的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。设空类型：设空类型： 、前后关联型（上下文）；、前后关联型（上下文）； 、常识考察性（生活常识，已给文化背景）、常识考察性（生活常识，已给文化背景） 、惯用搭配型；（固定词组，句型，语法）、惯用搭配型；（固定词组，句型，语法） 、词义辨析型。（同义词，反义词）、词义辨析型。（同义词，反义词） 1、扎实的基础知识、扎实的基础知识2、快速阅读和理解的能力、快速阅读和理解的能力3、较好的逻辑思维和判断能力、较好的逻辑思维和判断能力同义或近义选项同时排除同义或近义选项同时排除，

3、 矛盾选项正确答案必矛盾选项正确答案必居其一居其一。方法：选择法、排除法和比较法方法：选择法、排除法和比较法 跳读法、通读法、细读法和复读法跳读法、通读法、细读法和复读法步骤：通读全文步骤：通读全文, 了解大意了解大意; 通览通览 边读边选边读边选, 全文呼应全文呼应; 试填试填 最后通读，全面验证。最后通读，全面验证。 复核复核 方针：方针：上下求索，上下求索， 前呼后应，前呼后应， 瞻前顾后，瞻前顾后， 左顾右盼左顾右盼 注意：注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有空，它有概括和预示全文大

4、意概括和预示全文大意的作用，是据以判的作用，是据以判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how)例如：全国卷二（2004）Tracy Wong is a well-known Chinese-American writer. But her writing 36 was something she picked up by herself.撇开选项不谈，单从这一首句，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：撇开选项不谈，单从这一首句，我们可以捕捉到如下信息： （

5、1）她的身份是作家）她的身份是作家 （2）国籍是美籍华人）国籍是美籍华人 （3）很出）很出名名 （4）从时态看她还活着）从时态看她还活着 可以推测：可以推测： 有可能这篇文章是介绍有可能这篇文章是介绍Tracy Wong及其作品的文章，及其作品的文章，对她和作品的介绍可能是这篇文章的主要内容。七个单词对她和作品的介绍可能是这篇文章的主要内容。七个单词就给我们提供了这么多的信息，就给我们向下阅读提供了就给我们提供了这么多的信息，就给我们向下阅读提供了心理准备，并且有了良好的开端。心理准备，并且有了良好的开端。 lIf you asked high school girls to name the

6、ir favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. lDear Laura, I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and unselfish love in your program. You doubted that such unselfish love Would happen in todays world. _ _做完形填空题判断的依据：做完形填空题判断的依据：1、环境线索、环境线索Im tired of sea food, so I

7、 didnt eat much _ that day.A. vegetablesB. flounder（比目鱼）（比目鱼）2、因果线索、因果线索He was badly ill, so he was _.A. presentB. absent3、转折线索、转折线索He was badly ill, however, he was _.A. presentB. absent4、让步线索、让步线索He didnt _ the test, though he worked hard.A. passB. fail5、顺序线索、顺序线索After he wrote the letter, she _ i

8、t and then _ it.A. posted/ signedB. signed/ posted6、用途线索、用途线索I like my _, which gives me great help in the rain.A. umbrellaB. bikeC. pot7、反义词线索、反义词线索He used to be lazy. But now he is quite _.A. hardworkingB. handsome8、同义词线索、同义词线索He made a lot of mistakes in the last test. This time we can still find

9、 _ a few in his paper.A. quiteB. only9、比较线索、比较线索We are shorter than he, so he is the _ among us.A. tallestB. shortest10、一般个别线索、一般个别线索He is very clever, so he _ get the answer.A. canB. cant从高考试题看完型填空判断手法的应用从高考试题看完型填空判断手法的应用：1.根据具体词义判断根据具体词义判断：例例1. I was nine years old when she enterd our home in rura

10、l Virginia. My father_36_me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who （10江苏） 21. A.rushed B .sent C .carried D .introduced例例2. Beans is a white dog, quite handsome and very smart. He not only understands what we tell him, but also often makes sounds as if he were trying to 39

11、back.（2010年湖南卷）年湖南卷）39. A. turn B. kick C. jump D. speak2. 根据时间关系判断根据时间关系判断： Now, after studying English at university for three years, I _44_ that monolingual(只用一种语言的）只用一种语言的） dictionaries are better in learning a foreign language.（2010辽宁）辽宁） 44.Aimagine B recommend C predict D understand3. 根据同义词判断

12、根据同义词判断： Then she looked at my father and replied,“You are _40 .This is not the worst boy at all, _41 the smartest one who hasnt yet found an outlet（释放（释放的途径）的途径）for his enthusiasm.” （2010江苏）江苏）40. A.perfect B .right C .wrong D .impolite41. A.but B .so C .and D .or4、根据反义词判断、根据反义词判断： You have to push

13、 the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to 24 the building. (2010广东）24.A.enter B .leave C .open D .close 5、根据短文内容判断：、根据短文内容判断：On the way, I saw a busker(街头艺人街头艺人)，with a hat in front of him. I had some 28 in my pocket, （2010陕西陕西） 28. A. choc

14、olatesB . coins C . tins D . drugs 6、根据常识或常理判断、根据常识或常理判断： It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident, she was suddenly thrown into a world of 32 . （2010湖北）湖北）32.A.weakness B . sickness C .darkness D .sadness7、根据前后线索判断、根据前后线索判断 He taught her how to rely on her other 40

15、, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new 41 . （2010湖湖北）北）40.A.feeling B .organs C .skills D .senses41.A.position B .environment C.status D .role8、根据词语的固定搭配判断、根据词语的固定搭配判断 From there, just follow the signs to the airport. But Im afraid theres no _47_ youll get

16、 there in five minutes!”（2010江西）江西）47 A doubt B room C time D way9、根据句型意义判断连接词语、根据句型意义判断连接词语 When Alice started to cycle home from Jennys house, she wasnt nervous. She was certainly not afraid of the dark. _36_, it was only a 15-minute ride home.(2010 江西）江西） 36 A However B Besides C Therefore D Othe

17、rwise10、根据连接词语判断、根据连接词语判断 It was a cool October evening. Excitement and family members filled the hall. I was only a 7-year-old girl, but I was the center of _37_. Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would show off all my hard work in a dance of performance. 37. A. pressure B. impression C. debat

18、e D. attention 结构结构+语义语义+逻辑逻辑正确正确通顺通顺合理合理Young people are spending unbelievable sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _ stars have incomes between two million and six million dollars per year. A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movieNeil Young who performs 1 torn blue jeans, sometimes sings

19、to an audience of 10,000,each of whom has paid five dollars for a ticket. 2 paying expenses, Young leaves with about $18,000 in his blue 3 at the end of an evening.1. A. in B. with C. for D. on2. A. Before B. Beside C. After D. Except3. A. shirt B. trousers C. coat D. jeansThank you for your attention!