同位语从句与定语从句的区别.ppt

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1、1. 同位语从句同位语从句the Appositive clause(1) 同位语从句的定义同位语从句的定义 在复合句中用作在复合句中用作同位语同位语的从句称为的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。它一般放在它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth , hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名词的后面等名词的后面, 对前面的名词作进一步的解释对前面的名词作进一步的解释, 说

2、明说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词的词有连词that, 连接副词连接副词how, when, where, whether, what等。等。e.g. The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.I have no idea when he will come back. 同位语从句有时被别的词把它同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：和名词隔开：注

3、意注意:The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.Word came that their team had won. 同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形式: 由由that引导引导The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.The news that he has been elected president

4、of the United States is true.The truth that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to all.The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists. 由由whether引导引导The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 由由when引导引导I h

5、ave no idea when they will go.2. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别: 同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆, 我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们: 同位语从句同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词说明的名词大都是抽象名词; 定语从句定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象 的也有不抽象的。的也有不抽象的。 We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. (同位语从句同位语从句) Th

6、ose who want to go please sign their names here. (定语从句定语从句) 同位语从句同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系逻辑关系；定语从句定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。The news that they won the match is true.(同位语从句同位语从句, news和从句没有逻辑关系和从句没有逻辑关系)The news that you told us yesterday is true.(定语从句定语从句, n

7、ews是是told的逻辑宾语的逻辑宾语)The order when we should go back hasnt reached us.(同位语从句同位语从句, order和从句没有逻辑关系和从句没有逻辑关系)The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten.(定语从句定语从句, day是是founded 的逻辑状语的逻辑状语) 同位语从句同位语从句主要由连接词主要由连接词that引导引导,有时有时也可用也可用when, where, who, whether等引导等引导; 定语从句定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。由关系

8、代词或关系副词引导。Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed. (同同)Do you know the place where he was born?(定定) 同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个 完整句子完整句子, 谓语动词用谓语动词用be的不同形式的不同形式。 He heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以变为一个表语从句此句可以变为一个表语从句: The news was that their team had w

9、on.从引导词来看从引导词来看: 引导词引导词that在在同位语从句同位语从句中中 是连词是连词, 只起连接作用只起连接作用, 无具体词义无具体词义, that 不可省略不可省略; that在在定语从句定语从句中是关系代词，中是关系代词， 它在从句中充当一定成分它在从句中充当一定成分主语或宾语，主语或宾语， 有具体词义有具体词义, 作宾语时还可以省略。例如：作宾语时还可以省略。例如： a) The factory _ we visited yesterday is a chemical one. b) The news _ he will leave for Shanghai is true.

10、(that)that定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句看电影学同位语从句once i travelled seven seas to find my love and once i sang seven hundred songs well, maybe i still have to walk seven thousand miles until i find the one that i belong 同位语从句 i will rest my head side by side to the one that stays in the night 定语从句i will lose my b

11、reath in my last words of sorrow and whatever comes will come soon 主语从句dying i will pray to the moon that there once will be a better tomorrow 宾语从句once i crossed seven rivers to find my love and once for seven years i forgot my name well,if i have to i will die seven deaths just to lie in the arms o

12、f my eversleeping aim i will rest my head side by side. i will rest my head side by side. i dreamt last night, but he came to me, he said:my love,why do you cry? for one now it wont be along any more until in my cold grave we will lie until in my cold grave we will lie1.We express the hope _.(visit)

13、 他们将会再次访问中国。2.Those _ please sign their names here.(go) 想去的3.The news _ is true.(win) 他们赢得比赛。4.The news _ is true.(tell) 你昨天告诉我们的。5.The order _ hasnt reached us.(go) 何时我们应该回去。同位语从句同步练习that they will come to visit China againwho want to go that they won the matchthat you told us yesterdaywhen we shou

14、ld go back6.The day _ will never be forgotten.(found) 新中国何时成立的。7.My calculations are based on the assumption _ steady. 房价保持稳定。8.They hold the firm belief _ in the near future.(pay) 他们的工作会有回报。9.Orders are issued _ _ by visitors in the museum.(forbid) 禁止游客拍照。同位语从句同步练习when New China was foundedthat house prices will remainthat their work will pay offthat photos (should) be forbidden