英语：直接引语变间接引语课件.ppt

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1、Direct speech and Indirect speechHe said,“I like cooking ”He said that he liked cooking.直接引语：直接引语： 讲述别人的原话，并将其放在引号里讲述别人的原话，并将其放在引号里间接引语：间接引语： 用自己的话转述别人的话，不能用引号用自己的话转述别人的话，不能用引号直接引语一般要加引号，间接引语不用加引号直接引语一般要加引号，间接引语不用加引号在学习直接引语和间接引语过程中，应注意三个问题在学习直接引语和间接引语过程中，应注意三个问题1 1）连接词）连接词2 2）人称、时态、指示词等的变化）人称、时态、指示词

2、等的变化3 3）语序（陈述句语序）语序（陈述句语序）直接引语变间接引语所使用的连接词：直接引语变间接引语所使用的连接词：1 1）陈述句）陈述句4 4）祈使句）祈使句2)2)一般疑问句一般疑问句用用that连接连接变成变成asked/told sb to do sth3) 3) 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句用用if/whether+陈述句陈述句 用特殊疑问词用特殊疑问词+陈述句陈述句一：陈述句一：陈述句陈述句的直接引语变间接引语时，用连词陈述句的直接引语变间接引语时，用连词thatthat引导引导（that that 在口语中常可省略）。从句中的人称、时态、在口语中常可省略）。从句中的人称、时态、指示代

3、词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。He said ,“Jack is a good worker.”He said that Jack was a good worker.二：祈使句二：祈使句 He said to us ,“Dont make so much noise .” He asked us not to make so much noise.He said to us ,“Please open the door.”He told us to open the door.如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式前加如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式

4、前加notnot变化：变化： 1. 1. 主句谓语动词的变化主句谓语动词的变化一般说来，主句一般说来，主句谓语谓语动词常为动词常为saidsaid或或said tosaid to，变为间接引语时，当直接引语是陈述句时，变为间接引语时，当直接引语是陈述句时，saidsaid不变，不变，Said toSaid to通常变为通常变为toldtold。当直接引语是一般疑问句和特殊疑问句时，则当直接引语是一般疑问句和特殊疑问句时，则要把要把saidsaid或或said tosaid to变为变为asked / asked sb.asked / asked sb.2. 人称的变化人称的变化口诀说明直接引语

5、间接引语一一随随主主二随宾二随宾第三第三人称人称不用不用变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“ I like football.”She said that she liked footballHe said to Lily,“ you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earl

6、yTeacher said,“ Tom is a good student”Teacher said thatTom was a good student一随主，二随宾，第三人称不用变一随主，二随宾，第三人称不用变Practice:1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” He said _brother had failed in the exam.2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now?” he asked Mary how _mother was then.3)My teacher said,

7、 she is a good student. My teacher said _was a good student4) He said to me,“ Ive left her book in your room” He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.hishershehehermy3. 3. 时态的变化时态的变化He says, I will finish it after class”He says that he will finish it after class. 如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变

8、成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变的改变He said I will finish it after class”He said that he would finish it after class直接引语时态直接引语时态间接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去

9、完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语变间接引语时，句中的情态动词也应做相应的改变句中的情态动词也应做相应的改变直接引语间接引语 can may shall/will neednt must ought tocouldmightshould/woulddidnt have tomustought toPractice :. John said, “I like reading adventure stories. ” John said that he _ reading adventure stories. She said

10、to me, “I broke your CD player. ” She told me that she _ my CD player. He said, “Ill come here this morning.” He said he_ go there that morning. He says, “I have finished my homework.” He says that he _ his homework. . He said, “they are playing games over there?” He said that they_ playing games ov

11、er there.likedhad brokenwouldhave finishedwere4. 4. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化. . 指示代词指示代词 this these that those 地点状语地点状语 here there 方向性动词方向性动词 comebring go takenowthenTodayThat dayTonightThat nightAgoBefore/earlierYesterdayThe day beforeLast nightThe night beforeTomorrowThe next

12、/following dayNext weekThe next weekThis weekThat weekThree days agoThree days before时间状语时间状语:Practice:My friend said:” I will come here tomorrow.”My friend said that she would go there the next day.直接引语转为间接引语时，下列情况下时态不变直接引语转为间接引语时，下列情况下时态不变. .直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时，直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时，变间接引语时时态不变变间接引语时时态不变

13、. .当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时，当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时，谓语动词时态不需改变谓语动词时态不需改变如果直接引语要变为间接引语，转述是发生在如果直接引语要变为间接引语，转述是发生在当天当地，那么直接引语中的当天当地，那么直接引语中的 comecome、herehere、tomorrowtomorrow、this morningthis morning、todaytoday、yesterdayyesterday等等不必改变不必改变1.The teacher said to the students, “The earth is round.” The teacher

14、 told to the students that the earth is round.2. My father said to me, “I was born in 1961.” My father told me that he was born in 1961.3. He said,” I will come here this evening.” He said he would come here this evening.4. This morning he said,” Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow.” This morning he said that he was leaving for Beijing tomorrow.Bye-bye