2019年中考英语词汇(给首字母)真题模拟实战练习(带详细答案).pdf

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1、20192019 年中考英语词汇年中考英语词汇（给首字母）（给首字母）真题精选真题精选( (名师精选全国真题名师精选全国真题+ +实战训练，建议下载练习实战训练，建议下载练习) )一填空题（共一填空题（共 7 7 小题）小题）1（2018 真题） Over 2， 000 years ago，in China， there lived a boy called ConfuciusWhenhe was o （1） nlythree， his father died His mother was very poor In those dayspeople had to pay to go to sc

2、hool and his mother did not have enough m（2）oneytosend himAs Confucius grew up he wanted to learn things So he d（3）ecidedto teachhimselfUnfortunately he was a strangelooking boy The other children pointed andmade fun of himThey called him names and laughed at himConfucius got very upset，but he was a

3、 kind gentle boy and did not fight b（4）ackConfucius did not play with other children He went off to talk to holy men in thetemple and learned from them He t（5）alkedto artists and musicians and learnedfrom themIf he tried to do something difficult，he kept trying over and over again u （6）ntilhe learne

4、d how to do itIn this way the boy taught himself to read and w （7） riteand learned lots of interesting things Confucius grew up to be a very c（8）levermanWhen he was a man， Confucius became the ruler of the city of Changtu Peoplewere very h（9）appywhen he was their leader He used his abilities and ski

5、lls ina w（10）isewayPeople sometimes call him the greatest man who ever lived We still remembermany of his sayings today【解答】1only考查副词句意当他_三岁时，他的父亲去世了根据首字母提示，可知，应该是只、仅仅填副词 only2money考查名词句意他母亲没有足够的_送他根据上一句 In those dayspeople had to pay to go to school 那时候人们不得不花钱上学及首字母提示，可知，应该是钱填不可数名词 money第 1 1 页（共 11

6、11 页）3decided考查动词句意所以他_自学根据首字母提示，可知，应该是 决定decide 动词一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式dicided4back考查搭配句意 孔子很不高兴，但他是个和蔼可亲的男孩，没有 _根据首字母提示，可知，fight back 反击固定搭配填 back5talked考查动词句意他与艺术家和音乐家_，并从中学习根据首字母提示， 可知， talk to sb 和某人交谈 一般过去时态， 谓语动词用 talk 的过去式 talked6until考查连词句意他不断地反复尝试，_学会了怎么做根据首字母提示，可知，应该是直到填连词 until7write考查动词句意就这样，

7、男孩自学了读书和_根据首字母提示，可知，应该是写字不定式 to 后用动词原形 write8clever考查形容词句意孔子成长为一个非常_人根据上一句 learned lotsof interesting things 学到很多有趣的东西及首字母提示，可知，应该是聪明的，修饰名词，用形容词 clever9happy考查形容词句意当他是他们的领袖时，人们非常_根据最后一行People sometimes call him the greatest man who ever lived 人们有时称他为有史以来最伟大的人及首字母提示，可知，应该是高兴的系表结构填形容词 happy10wise考查形容词

8、句意他以_方式使用自己的能力和技巧根据首字母提示，可知，应该是智者的修饰名词用形容词 wise2 （2017 真题）The Cinderella story is a famous one Cinderella was living happily with herfamily when her mother diedHer father remarriedCinderellas new stepmother and twostepsisters（71） treatedher poorly She had to wear old clothes and work hard（72）whileth

9、e sisters wore beautiful clothes and had funYou know the（73） restof the story A good fairy turned Cinderellas old clothes intoa beautiful dressCinderella went to a party and a prince （74）fellin love with herCinderella left the party in such a （75）hurrythat she left a glass slipper and thePrince used

10、 that to find her （76）FinallyCinderella and the Prince married and livedhappily ever afterThats one telling of the story，but the Cinderella fairy take is found in many differentcountries And Cinderella is not always a young （77） lady In an Irish story， a younggentleman，Becan，marries a princess and l

11、ives happily ever since第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）Why is the Cinderella story so （78）popularand found in so many cultures？Thereare several （79）reasonsFirst of all its a romantic story Also，Cinderella a kind girlwith a hard life And（80） maybethe most important is that in the Cinderella story，a person faces man

12、y difficulties but overcomes them in the end【解答】71treated，考查动词，根据空格后的副词poorly 糟糕地；恶劣地，可知是修饰空格处的动词， 结合主语是 Cinderellas new stepmother and two stepsisters 灰姑娘的继母和两个异母的姐妹， 由此可知他们对待灰姑娘不好， 用动词treat 对待符合题意，故事是一般过去时，动词要用一般过去式，故填treated72while，考查连词，根据前文She had to wear old clothes and work hard她不得不穿旧衣服，辛苦干活，和

13、后文 the sisters wore beautiful clothes and had fun她的姐妹穿漂亮的衣服， 过着快乐的生活， 可知前后是一种并列成分， 结合首字母 w， while 当时候，此处是并列连词，符合题意，故填while73rest，考查形容词，根据语境，前面故事讲述的是灰姑娘的艰难生活，后文讲述的是故事剩余部分，结合首字母r，填 rest 剩余的，符合题意，the rest of the story 故事剩余部分，故填 rest74 fell， 考查动词， 根据语境灰姑娘和王子相爱了， 结合题干中句型 fall in love with和相爱，这是固定句型，时态为一般

14、过去时，故填fell75hurry，考查名词，根据she left a glass slipper 她落下了水晶鞋，可知她是匆忙中留下的，结合首字母 h，可知in a hurry 匆忙的，是固定搭配，故填 hurry76Finally，考查副词，根据 the Prince used that to find her王子利用水晶鞋找到了她，可知这是最后的结果，空格处应该是一个总结性的副词来修饰这句话， 结合首字母 f，可知是finally 最后符合题意，故填 finally77lady，考查名词，根据后文In an Irish story，a young gentleman，Becan，marr

15、ies aprincess and lives happily ever since在爱尔兰的故事中，一个年轻的绅士跟王子结婚了并过着幸福的生活， 可知前文说的不是一个女士， 结合首字母 l， 推出是名词 lady，此处是单数名词，故填 lady78popular，考查形容词，根据前文语境，the Cinderella fairy take is found in manydifferent countries 灰姑娘的故事在很多国家有不同的版本， 说明这个故事是受欢迎的，结合首字母 p，故填 popular79reasons，考查名词，根据上一句中的疑问词是Why，可知后面回答的是原因，第

16、1 1 页（共 1111 页）结合首字母 r，名词reason 原因符合题意，后面解释的不止一个原因，要用名词复数形式，故填 reasons80maybe，考查副词，根据the most important is that in the Cinderella story，a personfaces many difficulties but overcomes them in the end最重要的是在灰姑娘故事中，一个人勇敢面对困难并克服了困难， 这是作者猜测的原因， 所以用一个表达猜测的词语，放在句首， 故此处是副词， 结合首字母 m， maybe 或许； 可能符合题意， 故填 maybe

17、3（2016 真题） MakeAWishis one of the worlds most wellknown charities， It makeswishes come true for children who have （71）seriousillnessIt gives them hope andhelps them forget about their （72）healthproblemsIt（73） startedin 1980in Phoenix， Arizona Christopher was a 7yearold boy whowas very sickHe always

18、dreamed of becoming a （74）pilotto fly in the skyTheygave Christopher a tour of the city in a police helicopter （直升飞机）and （75） broughta space helmet of himThere are four kinds of wishes children usually have：I wish to goChildren usually want to visit some （76）placesof interest，like thestatue of Liber

19、tyI wish to meet Children sometimes want to meet their（77）favoritefilm stars orsports playersI wish to beSome children wish to become doctors to help people who dont have moneyfor （78）medicaltreatmentI wish to have Some children want to have a computer， a bike or many other things（79）Lookingfor them

20、，they can get what they want from the charityLets hope more wishes will come true in the （80）futurePeople who work in thecharity always try for the bestWill you be one of them？【解答】71：serious考查形容词根据句意It makes wishes come true for childrenwho have _ illness 这个慈善机构主要帮助患有 _ 疾病的儿童病人完成梦想和首字母s可知，这里考查的是形容词严

21、重的 serious，故答案为 serious72： health考查名词根据句意It gives them hope and helps them forget about their_problems它给孩子们带来了希望并且帮助他们忘记他们的_问题和上文的children who have serious illness 可知，这里意为健康问题，结合所给首字母h可第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）知，答案为名词 health73：started考查动词的用法根据句意It _in 1980in Phoenix，Arizona它 1980年_于亚利桑那州的凤凰城及首字母提示s可知，这里考查的是

22、动词start开始，起源的用法，由in 1980可知，这里的时态为一般过去时，故这里应该用start 的过去式，答案为 started74：pilot考查名词根据fly in the sky 和首字母提示p可知，克里斯多夫想要成为一个飞行员pilot，由冠词a可知，这里应该为单数形式，故答案为 pilot75：brought考查动词的用法根据句意b_a space helmet forhim为他_太空头盔及首字母提示b可知，这里考查的是动词bring带来的用法，因这句话的时态为一般过去时，故这里应该用 bring 的一般过去式，答案为 brought76：places考查名词短语根据like

23、the statue of Liberty像自由女神像和首字母提示p_of interest可知，这里意为名胜古迹名胜古迹：places of interest，故答案为 places77：favorite考查形容词根据句意Children sometimes want to meet their _filmstars or sports players孩子们有的时候想见见他们_电影明星或者运动员和首字母f可知， 这里的应填词语意为最喜欢的形容词最喜欢的： favorite， 故答案为 favorite78：medical考查形容词根据句意who dont have money for _tr

24、eatment没有钱进行_治疗的人和首字母m可知，这里应该为形容词医学的medical，故答案为 medical79：Looking考查动词的用法根据句意_for them，they can get what they wantfrom the charity_他们，他们可以从慈善机构得到他们想要的和首字母L可知，这里意为寻找，寻找：lookfor，因动词look 放于句首，故应该用ing 形式，答案为looking80：future考查名词根据句意Lets hope more wishes will come true in the _我们希望在_有更多的愿望可以实现和首字母f可知，这里意为

25、在将来，在将来：inthefuture，故答案为名词 future4 （2015 真题）English people like DIYA lot of people always spend their holiday makingtheir homes more b（71）eautifulIf there is anything that needs repairing ordecorating around their homes，such as p（72）aintingthe walls or putting in a newshower， they will do the jobs t

26、hemselves They s （73） hareDIY experience with their第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）friendsMore and more people show an i（74）nterestin DIYSometimes peoplealso DIY in order to s（75）avemoneyThey are trying to find ways to make theirhouse better when they cant a（76）ffordthe costSo，it is not surprising that DIYis very

27、popularDIY can be difficultPeople often find it not e（77）asyto build a piece of furniturebecause they cant understand the instructions wellSometimes the instructions are simpleand clear， but the furniture i （78） tselfis difficult to buildDIY can also be d （79）angerousPeople should learn much about D

28、IY work before doing itUnluckily，manypeople dont care about that So they may be in danger It is r （80） eportedthat in justone year thousands of people were hurt while doing DIY in the UK ，including those whofell offladders【解答】71beautiful根据上句英国人非常喜欢手工制作，在假期里他们自己经常做一些手工使他们的家更漂亮，more 后面修饰形容词，更漂亮用形容词 be

29、autiful72painting根据上句如果他们的家里有什么东西需要修理或者装饰，例如刷墙或者装饰新的淋浴， such as 后面接doing sth 根据后面的putting可知， 应填写painting73share根据上句他们还会和朋友们分享制作的经验，share sth with sb 和某人分享某事是固定短语，这篇短文使用的是一般现在时，故应填写share74 interest 句意是越来越多的人对手工感兴趣， interest 是一个名词， 用在短语 showan interest in sthshow 是动词，故应填写 interest75save句意是有时候人们自己制作是为了

30、省钱，in order to do sth意思是为了去做某事，save 是动词节省，故其后面接动词原形，故应填写save76afford 根据句意是当他们支付不起费用时， 他们就自己制作， cant是情态动词，后面接动词原形 afford77easy 句意是人们经常发现制作一套家是不容易的， 因为他们不明白说明书， easy是一个形容词，句中的句型是 find it+adj+to do sth故应填写 easy78itself 句意是有时候说明书很简单和清楚，但是家具本身很难制作，根据文意可知，作者介绍的 DIY 有时制作时比较有困难的，说明书是一方面但是制作家具是有困难的，这里的 itsel

31、f 代替的是 furniture 是一个不可数名词，故应填写 itself79dangerous 句意是手工制作也可能是危险的根据下文So they may be indanger 可知在做手工制作之前应该先了解一下，但是很多人不在乎，所以他们就第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）可能有危险，由此可知手工制作是危险的，故应填写dangerous80reported 句意是根据报道一年内在英国有几千人在做手工时受伤， 包括那些从梯子上摔下来的人，report 是动词报道，这句话是用的句型是 Its reported that是据报道句子使用的是被动语态，故应填写reported5 （2014真题）

32、Dear Mr President，I have been doing a project at school recently about animals in dangerI think their living（71）conditionis terrible in China I am writing to you to suggest（72）whatwe should do to help protect animals moreI feel so （73）sorryfor the giant pandaIts one of the most popular animals in th

33、eworld and a （74） symbolof China Weve learned that pandas mainly live on bamboo Ithink we should try to do more to（75） preventpeople from destroying their forestsAnother animal we should try to protect more is the Chinese alligator （扬子鳄） They livein some （76）areasof eastern China，and now the water t

34、here isnt （77）cleanenough for them to live inThe government should stop factories from （78）pollutingthe lakes and riversIf we protect these beautiful animals in China，more people may wish to visit China to seethemThey could be an important （79）touristattractionIt would be good if morepeople came to

35、visit our beautiful country， （80） especiallysome quieter places in thecountryI hope you will encourage more people to think about such an important subjectYours sincerely，Huang Jing【解答】71condition考查首字母填空句意：我认为他们的生活条件在中国是可怕的根据句意判断，故填：condition72what考查首字母填空句意：我给您写信就是建议我们应当做些什么来保护更多的动物根据句意判断，故填：what73s

36、orry考查首字母填空句意：我感到对大熊猫有些抱歉根据句意判断，故填：sorry74symbol考查首字母填空句意：它是世界上最受欢迎的动物之一，是中国的象征根据句意判断，故填：symbol第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）75prevent考查首字母填空句意：我认为我们应当尽力做些什么来阻止人们破坏森林根据句意判断，故填：prevent76areas考查首字母填空句意：它们生活在中国东部的一些区域根据句意判断，故填：areas77clean考查首字母填空句意：现在那儿的水不是足够的干净 根据句意判断，故填：clean78polluting考查首字母填空句意：政府应当阻止工厂污染湖泊和河流根据

37、句意判断，故填 polluting79tourist考查首字母填空句意：它们可能成为一个重要的旅游景观根据句意判断，故填：tourist80 especially考查首字母填空 句意： 尤其是国家一些僻静的地方 根据句意判断，故填：especially6 （2013真题） My family went to a restaurant for dinner one night When we were walkingto the restaurant from our car，a girl about my age and her mother （71）cametowards us They a

38、sked if we had any（72） money My mom asked where they were（73） living The girl said there were six of them staying in an （74） oldblackcarMy mom gave them a few dollarsThen she sent me inside the restaurant （75）withmy dad and my three sisters （76）However，my mom didnt comeLater，I found out that she had

39、 gone （77）homeand put all the food in our cupboard into afew bagsThen she brought that food over to the car and gave the bags to the poor （78）family I wasnt there when that part happened， yet I can （79） imaginethe joyon their facesAfter painting this picture in my mind，I understood （80）whymymom had

40、done what she did that nightI will never forget this lesson in kindness from mymom【解答】答案：71 came考查动词， 根据 a girl about my age and her mother（71） ctowards us可知该空在句中作谓语，故填动词的正确形式，根据空格后的关键词 towards，结合首字母为 c， 可知为 come towards sb 意为朝着某人过来， 根据短文描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填入come 的过去式，故填 came72money考查名词根据 They ask

41、ed if we had any （72）m该空处在第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）句中作宾语，故填入名词的正确形式，联系上下文及首字母 m 可知她们母女二人问作者一家是否有钱，故填 money73living考查动词根据句中 My mom asked where they were宾语从句的连接词为 where 及首字母 l 可推知我的妈妈问她们住在什么地方，住的英文表达为 live，又知空格前were，可知用过去进行时态，故填live 的现在分词，故答案为living74 old考查形容词根据 The girl said there were six of them stayingin

42、an （74）oblack car，根据该空作定语修饰名词 car，故填入形容词，结合首字母为 o，可推知女孩说她们六口人住在一辆旧的黑色小汽车里，故填old75with考查介词根据 Then she sent me inside the restaurant（75）wmy dad and my three sisters，句意然后她把我以及我的爸爸和三个姐妹送到饭店结合首字母为w可知用介词with后接宾语在句中作伴随状语表示和一起，故填 with76However考查副词根据上文 Then she sent me inside the restaurant（75）with my dad an

43、d my three sisters 可知妈妈把我以及我的爸爸和三个姐妹送到饭店， 再根据下文 my mom didnt come 可知我的妈妈没有来， 可知上下文表达一种转折关系， 结合所给首字母 h， 可知 however 作副词用时， 表示然而； 但是位于句首时，要用逗号与句子其它部分隔开，故填however77 home考查名词根据下文 and put all the food in our cupboardinto a few bags 可知把橱柜里所有的食物放到几个袋子里， 结合首字母 h 可推知 我知道她回家，故填 home78family考查名词根据 Then she brou

44、ght that food over to thecar and gave the bags to the poor 然后她这些食物送给了这贫穷的结合首字母 f，可推知送给了贫穷的家庭，故填family79imagine考查动词根据 I wasnt there when that part happened，yet I can 可知当时我不在场但是我能结合首字母 i，可推知我能想象，想象的英文表达为 imagine，该空前为情态动词can，填入动词原形即可，故答案为imagine80why考查连接副词根据句中缺少宾语从句的连接词，结合句意及首字母 After painting this pic

45、ture in my mind，I understood （80）wmy mom haddone what she did that night 可知在脑海里绘制了这幅画之后，我明白我的妈妈那天晚第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）上为什么做这件事了，故填 why7 （2012 真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整每空限一词Nogoba was a cavegirl She lived in a cave with about 40other people Cavepeople lived inbig groups to help each otherTheir l （7

46、1）liveswere very dangerousThere weremany w （72）wildanimals near the caveslions，tigers，bears and elephantsThe cavemen huntedThey k （73）killedthe animals for foodThe childrens jobswere dangerous，tooNogoba and her friends went to the river every day to get w （74）water Sometimes， the river was very deep

47、 S （75） Sometimes， there were animalsnear the riverFor many months of the y （76）year，Nogoba was coldThere was ice and snoweverywhereIt was difficult to be w （77）warmThe children sometimes went tosleep by the fireSometimes they were too n （78）nearthe fireSometimes Nogoba and her friends went to f （79

48、） findfruit and nuts to eat Sometimesthe fruit and nuts were poisonous and everyone became i（80）illThere werent anycave doctors or cave hospitals!【解答】71lives考点是首字母填空根据后一句在洞穴周围有许多的野生动物们可知， 他们的生活是危险的； 根据题干的句子的谓语是be动词的复数were； 故填lives72wild 考点是首字母填空根据他们的生活是危险的，后面列举的都是野兽，可知，有许多的野生动物；应填 wild73 killed 考点是首

49、字母填空 根据 The cavemen hunted 可知， They k（73） 1the animalsfor food他们杀死动物来吃饭；故填 killed74water 考点是首字母填空根据本句前面的wenttotheriver可知是去打水再根据 Sometimes， the river was very deep 水很深可知； 他和他的朋友去喝水； 故填 water75Sometimes 考点是首字母填空根据 Sometimes，the river was very deepS（75）1，there were animals near the river可知，有时候又许多动物在河附近

50、；列举了两种危险；故填Sometimes76year 考点是首字母填空根据根据 Nogoba was coldThere was ice and snoweverywhere 可知，在一年中的许多个月份里；此处是指一年中的好多月故填 year第 1 1 页（共 1111 页）77 warm 考点是首字母填空 根据上文中提到冷和冰雪， 可知这里指取暖问题；be 后用形容词再根据There was ice and snow everywhere可知，保暖是困难的故填 warm78near 考点是首字母填空根据The children sometimes went to sleep by the f