英语四级阅读理解之长篇阅读.pdf

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1、英语四六级新题型指导练习英语四级阅读理解之长篇阅读（含答案）英语四级阅读理解之长篇阅读（含答案）Education Study Finds U. S. FallingBehindEducation Study Finds U. S. FallingBehindA） Teachers in the United States earn less relative tonational income than their counterparts in manyindustrialized countries, yet they spend far more hours in front of t

2、he classroom, according to a majornewinternational study.B） The salary differentials are part of apattern of relatively low public investment in education in theUnited States compared with other member nationsof the Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment, a group in Paris that compiled

3、 thereport. Total government spending on educationalinstitutions in the United Statesslipped to 4.8 percent of gross domestic product in 1998, falling undertheinternational average 5 percent for the first time.C） “The wholeeconomy has grown faster thanthe education system,” Andreas Schleicher, one o

4、f thereports authors,explained. “The economy has done very well, but teachers have not fullybenefit.” The report,due out today, is the sixth on education published since1991 by the organization of 30 nations, founded in1960, and now covering muchof Europe, North America, Japan, South Korea, Australi

5、a and New Zealand.D） In addition to the teacher pay gap, thereport shows the other countries have begun to catch up withthe United Statesin higher education: college enrollment has grown by 20 percent since 1995across the group,with one in four young people now earning degrees. For thefirst time, th

6、e UnitedStates college graduationrate, now at 33percent, is not the worlds highest. Finland,the Netherlands, New Zealand and Britain havesurpassed it.E） The United States is also producingfewer mathematics and science graduates than most of the othermember states.And, the report says, a college degr

7、ee produces a greater boost in income herewhile the lackof a high school diploma imposes a bigger income penalty. “The number of graduates is increasing, but thatstimulates even more of a demandthere is no end in sight,” Mr. Schleicher said. “The demand for skill,clearly,is growingfaster than the su

8、pply that is coming from schools and colleges.”F) The report lists the salary for a highschool teacher in the United Stateswith 15 years experience as$36,219, above the international average of $31,887but behind seven other countries and less than 60 percentof Switzerlands$62,052. Because teachers i

9、n the Unites States have a heavier classroom load teachingalmost a third more hours than their counterparts abroad theirsalary per hour of actual teaching is $35, lessthan the international averageof $41 (Denmark, Spain and Germany pay more than $50 per teaching hour,SouthKorea $77). In 1994, such a

10、 veteran teacher in the United States earned 1.2 times theaverage per capitaincome whereas in 1999 the salary was just under thenational average. Only the Czech Republic,Hungary,Iceland and Norway pay their teachers less relative tonational income; in SouthKorea, teacherstheactual teaching salary ea

11、rn 2.5 times the nationalaverage. Teacher pay accounts for 56 percent of what theUnited Statesspends on education, well below the 67 percent average among the group ofcountries.英语四六级新题型指导练习G) The new data come as the United Statesfaces a shortage of two million teachers over the next decade,with que

12、stions oftraining, professionalism and salaries being debated by politicians local andnational. JoostYff, an international expert at the American Association ofColleges of Teacher Education, said training forteachers is comparable amongmost of the nations in the study, and that they are all dealing

13、with similarissuesof raising standards and increasing professionalism.H) Though the United States lags behind in scores on standardized tests in science and mathematics,students here get more instruction in those subjects, the report shows. The average 14-year-oldAmericanspent 295 hours in math and

14、science classes in 1999, far more than the229 international average; onlyAustria(370 hours), Mexico (367)and New Zealand(320) have more instruction in those subjects.Middle-schoolers here spend less time thantheir international counterparts studying foreign languages andtechnology, butfar more hours

15、 working on physical education and vocational skills. High schoolstudents in theUnited Statesare far more likely to have part-time jobs: 64 percent of Americans ages 15 to19 worked while inschool, compared with an international average of 31 percent(only Canada and the Netherlands, with 69percent, a

16、nd Denmark,with 75 percent, were higher).I) One place the United States spends more money is on special services for the disabled and the poor.More than one infour children here are in programs based on income only five other countriesserve even 1in 10 and nearly 6 percent get additional resources b

17、ased on physical or mental handicaps, twice or threetimes the rate in other countries.J) The report shows a continuing shift inwhich the United Statesis losing its status as the most highlyeducated among the nations. The UnitedStates has the highest level of high school graduates ages 55 to 64,but f

18、allsto fifth, behind Norway, Japan, South Korea, the Czech Republic andSwitzerland, among ages 25 to 34.Among college graduates, it leads in theolder generation but is third behind Canada and Japan in the youngercohort (一群). While the portion of Americans with high schooldiplomas remains at 88 perce

19、nt across agegroups, the average age among membercountries is rising. It has gone from 58 percent of those ages 45 to 54,to 66percent of those ages 35 to 44 and 72 percent of those ages 25 to 34. A higherpercentage of youngpeople in Norway,Japan, South Korea, the CzechRepublic and Switzerland have d

20、egrees than in the UnitedStates.K) “The U.S. has led the development incollege education and making education sort of accessible foreveryone,” Mr.Schleicher said. “Its now becoming thenorm.”1. Compared with their counterparts in many industrialized countries, the U.S. teachers work longer.2. The U.S

21、. government spent 4.8% of its GDP on education in 1998.3. From the passage we learn about Finlandsurpassesthe U.S.in college graduation rate.4. When the number of graduates in the U.S.increases, the demand for them is rising.5. The new study shows that the actual teaching salary per hour in the U.S

22、. is $35.6. In the report, the U.S.students study of science and mathematics get mostinstruction in thosesubjects in the OECD.7. Compared with those in other OECD countries, high school students in the U.S. spend more time in inphysical education and vocational skills.8. It is for the special servic

23、es for thedisabled and the poor that the United States pays more money thanother OECD countries.9. Those who have high school diplomas in the U.S. account for 88percent ofthe Americans of all ages.10. According toMr. Schleicher, the U.S.is becoming the norm in making education accessible foreveryone and collegeeducation.英语四六级新题型指导练习1.A2.B3.D4.E5.F6.H7.H8.I9.J10.K