现在完成时态专题.ppt

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1、* * *现在完成时现在完成时* * * 米芾中学米芾中学 杨应先杨应先不规则变化：不规则变化： am/is-was-been are-were-been begin-began-begun break-broke-broken do-did-done draw-drew-drawn drink-drank-drunk drive-drove-driven eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flown forget-forgot-forgotten give-gave-given go-went-gone grow-grew-grown hide-

2、hid-hidden know-knew-known lie-lay-lain ride-rode-ridden ring-rang-rung show-showed-shown see-saw-seen sing-sang-sung speak-spoke-spoken take-took-taken come-came-come run- ran run become-became-become1 现在完成时的主要用法及常用时间状语 a 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，常与already、never、ever、just、yet等时间状语连用。 Then make y

3、our own sentences like this : eg ：I have already done my exercise.b 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（含“现在”）的一段时间的状语。如：today、these days、for two years、since 1984、since he came here等连用。2 巧记现在完成时的用法巧记现在完成时的用法 学习现在完成时，谓语结构要记住学习现在完成时，谓语结构要记住“have / has +过去分词过去分词”主要用法有两个：过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，主要用法有两个：过去发

4、生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，just，already常用着，过去动作或状态，一直延续到现在，常用着，过去动作或状态，一直延续到现在，for和和since把时间带。如：把时间带。如：I have known Lilei for three years. 现在完成时现在完成时/The Present Perfect Tense Put the following sentences into English.1. A: 火车已经开走了火车已经开走了. B: 什么时候开走的什么时候开走的? A: 半个小时之前开走的半个小时之前开走的.2. A: 这本书我已经买了两年了这本书我已经买了两年了. B

5、: 你在哪儿买的你在哪儿买的? A: 在我老家买的在我老家买的.3. A: 你看过这部电影吗你看过这部电影吗? B: 看过看过. A: 什么时候看的什么时候看的. B: 上周星期天看的上周星期天看的.A: The train has left.B: When did it leave.A: It left half an hour ago.A: have you seen the film?B: Yes, I have.A: When did you see it?B: I saw it last Sunday.A: Ive had the book for two years.B: Wher

6、e did you buy it?A: I bought it in my hometown. 1. 1.肯定句肯定句: : S ( S (主语主语)+)+have/hashave/has+PP(+PP(过去分词过去分词) ) 2. 否定句否定句: S (主语主语)+have/has+not +PP(过去分词过去分词 3.疑问句疑问句Have/has+ S (主语主语)+PP(过去分词过去分词)? Yes, S+have/has. No, S+have/hasnt 助动词助动词havehave和和hashas跟前面的主跟前面的主 语缩略为语缩略为ve,ve,s s. . 如如 theyve,

7、theyve, weve, weve, hes,hes,its; its; has not=hashas not=hasntnt have not=havehave not=haventnt 说明说明：四、特征词四、特征词（）（）alreadyalready( (肯定句肯定句) ) yetyet( (否定句和疑问句否定句和疑问句) ) never never，everever( (疑问句疑问句) ) just just ( (谓语动词之前谓语动词之前) ) beforebefore( (句末）句末）（）（）in the past/last few years,in the past/last

8、few years, ( (过去几年来过去几年来) ) so far= up to now so far= up to nowtill nowtill nowby nowby now these days these days since/ever since since/ever since for+ for+ 时间段时间段 注意：注意：(1)since(1)since一段时间一段时间agoagoforfor时间时间段段; ; sincesince two weeks two weeks agoago= =forfor two weeks; two weeks; I have kept th

9、e library book I have kept the library book for a weekfor a week. .= = I have kept the library book I have kept the library book since asince a week ago.week ago. (2)since + (2)since + 时间点时间点forfor时间时间段段 since 2000=for since 2000=for yearsyears(3)(3) since+since+从句从句( (常常用一般过去时用一般过去时) ) The Greens T

10、he Greens have livedhave lived in Beijing in Beijing sincesince they move they moved d to Beijing from Paristo Beijing from Paris(4)It is /has been +(4)It is /has been +一段时间一段时间 + since + since 从句从句. .自从自从某事发生已有一段时间了某事发生已有一段时间了. . It It is is / /has been has been two years since my two years since m

11、y brother joinbrother joineded the army. the army. (5) have (5) have got,hasgot,has got got 虽然是现在完成时虽然是现在完成时, ,但但have have got=have got=have has got=has has got=has I I have a new have a new bike.bike. =I =I have got a new have got a new bike.bike. 试一试，用所给词的正确形式填空1 I （live）here since I was ten years

12、 old. 2 I （live）here in 1998.3 - you your breakfast？-Yes，I have. -When you it？- 30 minutes ago.注意现在完成时的几个特殊方面：（一）现在完成时与一般现在时的区别have livedlivedHave haddid have 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示过去时的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示过去时间状语连用；而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现间状语连用

13、；而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。在不发生关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。一）现在完成时与一般现在时的句型转换eg：I have studied English for three years -I studied English three years ago -It is three years since I studied English（二）表示短暂动作的瞬间性动词，如come、go、buy等的完成时态就不能与for、 since 等表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以与这类词相应的延续性动词或短语连用。试一试，改错 1 I ha

14、ve come to Jianyang for ten years . （ ） 2 His father has died since he was five years old . （ ）have been inhas been dead 瞬间动词的用法口诀；现在完成在瞬间，非延只连时间点， 终止 须转换，否定方可碰一段。说明：1 瞬间动词又叫非延续性动词或终止性动词，它可以有现在完成时态，但不可以接一段时间；如果要接一段时间，就必须把它转换成相应的延续性动词。2 瞬间动词在完成时态中的否定式中可以接一段时间。 巧记瞬间性动词的转换巧记瞬间性动词的转换 “开始开始离离去去借借来来还还， 出生

15、出生入入死死买买到到家，家，穿衣穿衣入睡入睡要要感冒感冒， 开开开开关关关关变变结束。结束。”1 beginbe on6 returnbe back2 leavebe away from7 joinbe in3 gobe off8 diebe dead4 borrowkeep9 buyhave5 comebe here10 arrivebe here10 reachbe here11put onwear13catch a coldhave a cold14openbe open15closebe closed17end/finishbe over16becomebe12fall asleepb

16、e asleep（三）（三）have /has been to和和have / has gone to 的用法区别的用法区别 1 “ Have /has been to+地名地名 ”表示曾经去过某地，说话时已经回到说话地点， 常与once 、twice、ever、never 等时间连用。2 “have / has gone to +地名地名 ”表示去某地了，现在没有回答，人不在说话地点。 巧记巧记： been to been to ，gone togone to 意不同，两者用法要记清；意不同，两者用法要记清； have been tohave been to + 地名，曾经到过某地行；地名，

17、曾经到过某地行； have gone tohave gone to + 地点，到某地去了已走远。地点，到某地去了已走远。用have /has been to和和have / has gone to填空 Hi，Lucy， you ever Beijing？ No，I . What about your sister，Lily？ Oh，she Chengdu， she will come back next week. Ok，thanks. Youre welcome.have been to haventhas gone to( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( )I have boug

18、ht a new dictionary for a week. I have had a new dictionary for a week.我买一本新词典已有一星期了。我买一本新词典已有一星期了。They have come here for two days.They have been here for two days.他们来这儿已经两天了。他们来这儿已经两天了。He has joined the League member for two years.He has been a League member for two years.他已入团两年了。他已入团两年了。The man h

19、as been dead for several years.The man has died for several years.这个人已经死了几年了。这个人已经死了几年了。练习：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空A: Where _1_ Li Fei _1_?B: He _2_ to Hainan Island.A: How long _3_ he _3_ there?B: He _4_ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: Im afraid he wont com

20、e back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _5_ never _5_ there.A: How many times _6_ Li Fei _6_ to that place?B: He _7_ there only once. 用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1. Mary _(lose) her pen. _ you _ (see) it here and there?2. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?

21、3. -Are you thirsty? -NO, I _ just _ (have) some orange.4. We _already _ (return) the book.5. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village?6. -Has Tom taught you English?-Yes, he _ (teach) us English for two years.7. I _(not finish) my homework yet. Can you help me?8. What _ they _ (do) with the new

22、spaper? They have read them.9. - The door is open. Who _ (open) it? Do you know?- Sorry, I dont know.10. My father _ (read) the novel twice.11. Wu Dong _(be) a soldier for one year.12. The students _(study) in the middle school since last month.13. How long _ you _(know) him?14. Mike _ (make) quite a few friends since he came to China.15. I _(give) my friend a nice book recently.16. Li Ping and Wu Dong _(see) the old man three times.17. _ she ever _(teach) you English?18. These children _ (stay) in the park for two hours.