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1、语法填空解题技巧讲解 -沈代琼沈代琼 Task1 Have a dictation Nothing in this world can be achieved without effort. Mozart wasnt born a composer(作曲家). He the piano from the age of three and began by the age of five. His father, who also his teacher, was very strict the boy. Another example is Albert Einstein, the fathe
2、r of modern physics. He was told that he would never be success at anything. No one wanted him after he graduated from college. he believed in himself, and he preserved with his studies on his own. Now, Im not trying to say that everyone can be a Mozart or Einstein if they just put in a lot of time
3、doing something. But, with effort and passion, one can achieve a great deal. Without those things, youre not going to achieve much. Luck to those who prepare it. If you do something you love, dont let little bumps(打击) along the road stop you.practicedcomposingwithato hireButcomesfor 高考语法填空题究竟考什么?怎高考
4、语法填空题究竟考什么?怎么考?请看下面的研究结果吧。只么考?请看下面的研究结果吧。只有数据事实最具说服力。有数据事实最具说服力。怎样考?1.语法填空的设题一般是一篇语法填空的设题一般是一篇150150词左右词左右的文的文段,空出段,空出1010个空格(个空格( 其中,其中,4个自由填空个自由填空 ,6个提示性填空个提示性填空 )2.2.该题共该题共1010小题,小题,每小题每小题1.51.5分分,满分,满分1515分。分。3.3.要求根据上下文意思填入恰当的具一定语要求根据上下文意思填入恰当的具一定语法功能的词和词形变换两个方面。不限定一法功能的词和词形变换两个方面。不限定一个词。个词。 1.
5、考什么?考什么? ()纯空格形式的考点如下表:纯空格形式的考点如下表:测试内容测试内容2014年年内内 容容题号题号答案答案冠词冠词介词介词64to代词代词物主代词物主代词指示代词指示代词人称代词人称代词69Me/mine不定代词不定代词连词连词从属连词从属连词并列连词并列连词62and助动词助动词68Did(II)用所给词的适当形式填空的考点如下:用所给词的适当形式填空的考点如下:测试内容测试内容2014年年内内 容容题号题号答案答案动动词词非非谓谓语语动动词词不定式不定式66to stop-ed分词分词63disappointed-ing分词分词6167Beingriding谓语动词谓语动
6、词的的时态时态,语态语态65caught形容词或副词的比较级形容词或副词的比较级词性转换词性转换70suddenly考点分布 考点考点数量数量动词动词(谓语谓语/非谓语非谓语)1+4名词名词连词连词(从属连词从属连词/并列连词并列连词)1介词介词1代词代词1冠词冠词形容词形容词副词副词1Go for it: 咱也做一回命题者如何解题?解题四步口诀:解题四步口诀:一步来把全文看,把握主旨逻辑线;一步来把全文看,把握主旨逻辑线;二步开始做答案,容易做的先做完;二步开始做答案,容易做的先做完;难题放在第三步,上下文里找答案;难题放在第三步,上下文里找答案;四步复读很关键,保证全文意贯通。四步复读很关
7、键,保证全文意贯通。一、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧一、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先,判断要填的动词是首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词谓语动词还是还是非谓非谓语动词语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧技巧1 1:若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽:若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑就要考虑时态语态时态语态。例例 I politely refused(拒绝拒绝) her invitation, 40 (close
8、) my book and walked away. (2008年广州一模年广州一模)解析:虽然句中已有谓语动词解析:虽然句中已有谓语动词refused,但由,但由and walked可知,所填词与可知,所填词与refused和和walked是是并列关系,所以也用一般过去式并列关系,所以也用一般过去式closed。例例 In the accident, three people _38_ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (2007梅州二梅州二模模)解析:因主语解析:因主语three peopl
9、e与与take是被动关是被动关系,即三个人被送进医院,故用被动语态;系,即三个人被送进医院,故用被动语态;由由were treated可知,要用一般过去时,可知,要用一般过去时,故填故填were taken。技巧技巧2:若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓:若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。非谓语动词语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。非谓语动词确定用确定用-ing形式、形式、-ed形式,还是用不定式,方形式,还是用不定式,方法主要有:法主要有:(1)作主语或宾语,通常用作主语或宾语,通常用-ing形式表示习惯或形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体的情况。如:一般情况,用
10、不定式表示具体的情况。如:例例_ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary解析:句中已有谓语解析:句中已有谓语wont make,所以,所以speak应为非谓语动词;谓语前面应为主应为非谓语动词;谓语前面应为主语,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词语,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词短语,故填短语,故填Speaking。例例 The college students were _(inspire) by Michelle Obamas_(inspire) lecture. 解析:第一空作表
11、语,主语是解析:第一空作表语,主语是students, 所所以填以填inspired; 第二空做定语修饰第二空做定语修饰lecture,所以填所以填inspiring。(2) 作表语或定语时,通常用作表语或定语时,通常用-ing修饰物,修饰物,-ed修饰物。修饰物。2、词类转换题的解题技巧、词类转换题的解题技巧根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有:具体方法有:例例 Everyone feels _ (comfort) as he/she gets back home.解析:因在系动词解析:因在系动词feel后作表语,用形容词,后作表语,
12、用形容词,故填故填comfortable。技巧技巧3:作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。:作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。例例 Today there are many _(advertise) influencing on peoples choices.解析:在解析:在There be 句中需一主语,而主语要用句中需一主语,而主语要用名词,又由名词,又由are可知,主语是复数,故填可知,主语是复数,故填advertisements。技巧技巧4:作主语,或在及物动词或介词后作宾语,:作主语,或在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词形式。如:用名词形式。如:例例 The fireman _
13、(immediate) took her to the hospital.例例_ (fortunate), he passed the final exam.解析:修饰动词解析:修饰动词took,作状语,用副词,故填,作状语,用副词,故填immediately。解析:修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词,故填解析:修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词,故填FortunateFortunatelyly。技巧技巧5:修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状:修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。如:语,用副词形式。如:二、未提示词空的试题的解题技巧二、未提示词空的试题的解题技巧技巧技巧1:缺主语
14、或宾语,一定是填代词或名词:缺主语或宾语,一定是填代词或名词(多考代词多考代词)。例例I can send a message to Jo whenever I want to, and _38_ gets there almost in a second. 解析:解析:and连接前后两个句子,连接前后两个句子,and后面的句后面的句子缺主语,应填名词或代词;结合前一分句,子缺主语,应填名词或代词;结合前一分句,不难推知,不难推知,“马上可到达那里马上可到达那里”的是的是the message,替代,替代the message用代词用代词it。技巧技巧2:名词前面,若没有限定词:名词前面,若没
15、有限定词(冠词、形容冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词词性物主代词、不定代词),很可能是填限定词。,很可能是填限定词。例例There is_35_small town 20 kilometers away . (2007年广东高考年广东高考)解析:因单数可数名词解析:因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词,前还没有限定词,应填限定词;根据句意,是指大约有应填限定词;根据句意,是指大约有20公里远公里远有一个小镇,表示有一个小镇,表示“一个一个”,用不定冠词,故,用不定冠词,故填填a。技巧技巧3:句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾:句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下,名词或代词前面,一定是填介
16、词。语的情况下,名词或代词前面,一定是填介词。 例例 Jos mom is very strict _ her . 解析:因解析:因her为宾格,前面一定是填介词,使为宾格,前面一定是填介词,使其成为该介词的宾语;又由句意可知,是要表其成为该介词的宾语;又由句意可知,是要表达对达对.严格,故用介词严格,故用介词with。例例 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days 32 I was to return to Guangzhou. (2008年广州一模年广州一模)解析:因解析:因I wanted to是一个句
17、子,是一个句子,I was to return也是一个句子,这两个句子之间没有也是一个句子,这两个句子之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填连词;根连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填连词;根据句意和两句之间的逻辑关系,可知据句意和两句之间的逻辑关系,可知“参观这参观这个城市的尽可能多的地方个城市的尽可能多的地方”应是在应是在“返回广州返回广州”之前,故填之前,故填before。技巧技巧5:若两句:若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词或从属连词。或从属连词。例例 He was ver
18、y tired after doing this for a whole day, _37_he felt very happy (2008年广东高考年广东高考)解析:因解析:因He was very tired是一个句子,是一个句子,he felt very happy也是一个句子,这两个句子之也是一个句子,这两个句子之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填连间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填连词;根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系,可知词;根据句意和两句之间逻辑关系,可知“干干了一整天活累极了了一整天活累极了”与与“感到非常高兴感到非常高兴”是转是转折关系,故填折关系,故填but。 One m
19、orning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, some of them looked very anxious and (disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A bo
20、y on a bike (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came
21、 to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It s (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers (sudden) became friendly to one another.beingbutdisappointedtocaughtto stopridingDidme/minesuddenly
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