9上+Unit+8+grammar1.ppt

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1、Defining relative clausesDefining relative clauses9A Unit 8Do you like listening to music?Defining relative clausesDefining relative clauses 什么是定语？ I like the pen. Which pen? red 定语从句定语从句 一个句子充当定语一个句子充当定语 I like the pen. ( which one ?) The pen cost me 10 yuan. I like cost me 10 yuan.which/that 先行词先行

2、词 关系代词关系代词关系代词就是用来代替先行词的关系代词就是用来代替先行词的 the pen = which/thatThe penthe pen. My dad has a friend who/that is good at English.Attributive clause关系代词关系代词who/that为引导词，在从句中代替为引导词，在从句中代替friend.先行词先行词什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。的从句叫定语从句。结构：结构： 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 句子句子 The man who li

3、ves next to us is a policeman.先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句 A detective is someone who looks for clues to something important._ _ _ _先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句 We are asking anyone who saw anything unusual near Corn Street last night to contact us._ _ _ _先行词先行词 关系词关系词 We are now checking the scene for more c

4、lues which will help solve the case._先行词先行词 定语从句定语从句 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句Help Millie decide whether the following sentences contain defining relative clauses.1. The young man mentioned that he was going to visit his parents after work.2. The elderly couple were very sad to hear that their only son was mu

5、rdered.3. The police are now checking the scene for fingerprints and other clues that may help solve the case.4. There was probably more than one person who had something to do with the murder.5. A man who had blood on his shirt was seen running down Corn Street.6. People hope that the police will c

6、atch the murderer soon._ 定语从句定语从句 定语从句定语从句 定语从句定语从句先行词先行词先行词先行词先行词先行词Its an invention _ is used for keeping off the rain .which/thatHe was a world-famous singer _ is called the king of the pop. that/whoHe is a Hong Kong actor _ is famousfor his kongfu films, such as 12 Animal Signs.who/thatwhich代替事物

7、，在从句中充当代替事物，在从句中充当主语主语和和宾语宾语1.I cant find the letter. The letter came this morning. 2.Please give me the book. The book is about travel.3.This is the bag. My mother bought it last week.4. The house is made of wood. Jack built the house. This is the bag which my mother bought last week.I cant find th

8、e letter which came this morning.Please give me the book which is about travel.The house which Jack built is made of wood. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略,做主语时，不能省略。做主语时，不能省略。 / /thatthatthatthatthat代替人或物，在从句中充当代替人或物，在从句中充当主语主语和和宾语。宾语。1.The boy is called Tom. The boy broke the window.The boy that

9、 broke the window is called Tom.2.Mr. Li is the person. You talked with the person on the bus.Mr. Liu is the person that you talked with on the bus. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。 /who代替人代替人.在从句中可充当在从句中可充当 主语。主语。 Do you know the girl? (which girl?) 1.The girl is running on the grass. 2. The gi

10、rl likes singing very much. 1.Do you know is running on the grass. 2.Do you know likes singing very much. who whothe girlThe girlthe girl The girl?who / whom代替人代替人,在从句中充当在从句中充当宾语。宾语。 He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man I told you about . The man is a teacher. I saw the man just now. T

11、he man is a teacher. whoI saw just now whomthe man whowhomhim.Relative pronounPeopleThingswhowhichthatThat and which refer to things. That is more usual than which. Who, which and that can be used as relative pronouns. We use them to refer to people and / or things. 小结：小结： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，既可指人，也可

12、指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 which指物，作主语，不能省略；作指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略宾语，可以省略. who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。 About detective storiesUse who, which or that to help them complete the sentences.Simon: Edg

13、ar Allan Poe was the man_ first wrote detective stories in English.Millie: Japanese writers have written some great stories _ require readers to check every tiny detail for possible clues to the criminal cases.Daniel: Sherlock Holmes is a character_ was created by Arthur Conan Doyle as a master at s

14、olving crimes.Suzy: Conan is a detective_ appears in a cartoon series popular among teenagers all over the world.Kitty: Agatha Christie was a female writer_ is considered the queen of crime novels.who / thatwho / thatwhich / thatwho / thatwho / thatHelp Millie complete the sentences using relative c

15、lauses.1. A young man was murdered yesterday. He was single.2. A knife was found in a rubbish bin near Corn Street. It was covered in blood.3. We need information. Itll help solve the case.4. Heres the drawing of the person. He might be the murderer of the young man.1. A young man_ was murdered yest

16、erday.2. A knife_ was found in a rubbish bin near Corn Street.3. We need information_.4. Here is the drawing of the person_.Help Millie complete the sentences using relative clauses.1. A young man was murdered yesterday. He was single.2. A knife was found in a rubbish bin near Corn Street. It was co

17、vered in blood. A young man_ was murdered yesterday. A knife_ was found in a rubbish bin near Corn Street.who / that was singlewhich / that was covered in bloodHelp Millie complete the sentences using relative clauses.3. We need information. Itll help solve the case.4. Heres the drawing of the perso

18、n. He might be the murderer of the young man. We need information_.Here is the drawing of the person_.which/ that will help solve the cases who / that might be the murderer of the young man Complete the conversation with who, which or that and the expressions in the box.is not allowed by the lawhis

19、boss had committedkilled the young manwas seen running down the streetDad: Has there been any progress in the West Town murder case , Millie?Millie: Yes. The person_ was his boss!Dad: Really? Why did he do it?Millie: The boss did something_. The victim wanted to report the crime_ _ to the police.Dad

20、: How terrible! What about the man_ _?who / that killed the young manthat is not allowed by the law which / that his boss had committed who / that was seen running down the street关系代词关系代词that, which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或名词或代词代词，关系代词应用，关系代词应用that、which. (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)which / that （作宾

21、语）（作宾语）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just got.( ) （作宾语）（作宾语）关系代词关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从引导的定语从句句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示人的名词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用或代词，关系代词应用who, that (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语) whom (作作宾语宾语)who / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very

22、popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语作主语)1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy.2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin./ thatwho / whom / that 作宾语：作宾语：( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer

23、. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）作宾语）This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.which / that ( (作主语）作主语）Its an invention _ is used for keeping off the rain .which / that飘飘Its a book _was written by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the windwhich / thatIts the Wall _ was built by Chinese people.which / thatIts an animal that/which.Its an animal that / which has big nose.