语法填空考点7非谓语动词.ppt
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1、考点考点7: 非谓语动词非谓语动词真题再练真题再练1.(2015卷卷I68) Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers _ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 因句中已有谓语动词因句中已有谓语动词names,所以,所以conduct应应为非谓语动词;又由为非谓语动词;又由conduct a study /survey (进行研究进行研究/调查调查)可知,可知,a stud
2、y与与conduct是被是被动关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语。动关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语。conducted2.(2015卷卷I70) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.因在因在says后的宾语从句中已有谓语后的宾语从句中已有谓语arranges,所以所以live应为非谓语动词;又因应为非谓语动词;又因people与与live是主动关
3、系,故用现在分词短语作后置定语。是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作后置定语。living3.(2015卷卷II61) The adobe dwellings(土坯房土坯房) _ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by因句中已有谓语动词因句中已有谓语动词are admired,所以,所以build应为非谓语动词;又因应为非谓语动词;又因The adobe dwellings与与build是被动关系,加之有是被动关系,加之有by的提示,可知的提示,可知用过去分词短语作后置定语,故填用过去分词短语作后置
4、定语,故填built。built4.(2015卷卷II64) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _ (use) electric equipment.作介词作介词without的宾语,要用动名词,故填的宾语,要用动名词,故填using。using5.(2015卷卷II66) When a new day breaks, the walls have given up the
5、ir heat and are now cold enough _ (cool) the house during the hot day. 在作表语或补语的形容词后,只能用不定在作表语或补语的形容词后,只能用不定式作状语,故填式作状语,故填to cool。另外,。另外,“形容词形容词/副词副词+ enough to do sth. (够够可以做某可以做某事事)”可看作固定搭配。可看作固定搭配。to cool6.(2014卷卷I65) But the river wasnt changed in a few days or even a few months. It took years of
6、 work _ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. it takes some time to do sth.句型,用不定句型,用不定式作真正的主语。式作真正的主语。to reduce7.(2014卷卷I68) While there are _ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a
7、polluted river. 在名词在名词stories前作定语,表示前作定语,表示“惊人的惊人的”,要用现在分词作形容词用,故填要用现在分词作形容词用,故填amazing。 amazing8.(2014卷卷II41) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _ (be) late for school. 在介词在介词(about)后作宾语,动词后作宾语,动词be应用动名应用动名词形式。词形式。being9.(2014卷卷II43) There were many people waiting at the bus
8、stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _ (disappoint).因因looked作作“看起来看起来”解是系动词,故作解是系动词,故作形容词用的过去分词形容词用的过去分词disappointed作表语,作表语,表示表示“感到失望的感到失望的”。disappointed10.(2014卷卷II46) I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _(stop) until we reached the next stop. 表示表示“拒绝做某事拒绝
9、做某事”,是,是refuse to do sth.。11.(2014卷卷II47) Still, the boy kept _ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. 表示表示“继续继续/一直做某事一直做某事”,是,是keep doing sth.。to stopriding12.(2014样卷样卷3) I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table when I went to answer the phone. But someon
10、e must have taken them because theyre _(go).作表语用形容词,表示作表语用形容词,表示“不见了不见了”,故填,故填gone。 gone13.(2014样卷样卷5)Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. Im sure he was in the kitchen earlier.Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished _ (make) them, so he couldnt have done it.表示表示“做完做完”是是finish doing,故
11、填,故填making。 making思路点拨思路点拨 当句中已有谓语动词,横线前又没当句中已有谓语动词,横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时,所有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时,就要根给动词就是非谓语动词。此时,就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式形式(doing, done, to do)。详见考点归纳。详见考点归纳。考点归纳考点归纳1.作主语作主语(1)作主语通常用动名词作主语通常用动名词(一般一般)或不定式形式或不定式形式(具体具体)。如:。如: _(smoke) may cause cancer, so you
12、should give it up.解析:解析:在谓语在谓语may cause 前面一定是作主语,前面一定是作主语,“吸烟可能导致癌症吸烟可能导致癌症”是一般情况,故填是一般情况,故填Smoking,注意句首第一个单词的第一个字,注意句首第一个单词的第一个字母要大写。母要大写。SmokingIt is clear that _ (finish) this task will take a long time.解析:解析:完成这项任务是一次具体的情完成这项任务是一次具体的情况,故用不定式较好,填况,故用不定式较好,填to finish。to finish(2)用不定式或动名词作主语的特殊句型。请
13、用不定式或动名词作主语的特殊句型。请熟记:如真题再练第熟记:如真题再练第6题题(it takes some time to do sth.)。熟记下列固定句式:。熟记下列固定句式: It takes me about two hours to finish all my homework every day. 我每天做完所有作我每天做完所有作业需要大约两小时。业需要大约两小时。 It is necessary for us to be constantly reminded of our shortcomings. 经常有人提经常有人提醒我们自身的缺点是有必要的。醒我们自身的缺点是有必要的。
14、Its very kind of you to tell me the truth.你真好,告诉我真相。你真好,告诉我真相。 Its no use quarrelling about it. We are all in the same boat.为此事争吵是为此事争吵是没有用的,我们处境相同。没有用的,我们处境相同。 2.作宾语作宾语(1)在介词后作宾语一般只用动名词。如在介词后作宾语一般只用动名词。如真题再练第真题再练第4题和第题和第8题。有的短语中题。有的短语中的的to是介词而不是不定式符号,后面接动是介词而不是不定式符号,后面接动词时用动名词,最有可能考的有词时用动名词,最有可能考的有
15、6个,请个,请牢记:牢记:be used to doing sth.习惯做某事习惯做某事be accustomed to doing sth.习惯做某事习惯做某事be devoted to doing sth.致力于做某事致力于做某事devote oneself to doing sth. 致力于做某事致力于做某事look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事盼望做某事object to doing sth.反对做某事反对做某事(2) 只能接不定式的动词或短语动词。只能接不定式的动词或短语动词。如真题再练第如真题再练第10题。以下题。以下18条考条考的可能性最大,请根据汉语意思
16、,用的可能性最大,请根据汉语意思,用规范工整的英语完成搭配后,熟读牢规范工整的英语完成搭配后,熟读牢记:记:汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配1 决定做某事决定做某事_ to do sth.2 拒绝干某事拒绝干某事_ to do sth.3 同意做某事同意做某事_ to do sth.4 希望做某事希望做某事_ to do sth.5 计划做某事计划做某事_ to do sth.6 打算做某事打算做某事_ to do sth.deciderefuseagreehopeplanintend 汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配7能够做某事能够做某事_ to do sth.8碰巧做某事碰巧做某事_ to
17、 do sth.9想做某事想做某事_ to do sth.10 假装做某事假装做某事_ to do sth.11 提出要做某事提出要做某事_ to do sth.12 努力做成某事努力做成某事_ to do sth.affordhappenwantpretendoffermanage汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配13 能够做某事能够做某事_ to do sth.14 碰巧做某事碰巧做某事_ to do sth.15 想做某事想做某事_ to do sth.16 假装做某事假装做某事_ to do sth.17 提出要做某事提出要做某事 _ to do sth.18 努力做成某事努力做成某事
18、_ to do sth.would loveget readycant waittry ones bestmake an attemptmake up ones mind(3)只能接动名词的动词或短语动词。只能接动名词的动词或短语动词。如真题再练第如真题再练第11和和13题。以下题。以下22条考的可能性最大,请根据汉语意条考的可能性最大,请根据汉语意思,用规范工整的英语完成搭配后,思,用规范工整的英语完成搭配后,熟读牢记:熟读牢记:汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配1 喜爱做某事喜爱做某事_ doing sth.2 完成某事完成某事_ doing sth.3 讨厌做某事讨厌做某事_ doing
19、sth.4 介意做某事介意做某事_ doing sth.5 练习做某事练习做某事_ doing sth.6 持续做某事持续做某事_ doing sth.7 允许做某事允许做某事_ doing sth.enjoyfinishdislikemindpractisekeeppermit/allow汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配8承认做某事承认做某事_ doing sth.9考虑做某事考虑做某事_ doing sth.10 建议做某事建议做某事_ doing sth.11 避免做某事避免做某事_ doing sth.12 不怕做某事不怕做某事_ doing sth.13 想象做某事想象做某事_ do
20、ing sth.14 想做某事想做某事_ doing sth.15 放弃做某事放弃做某事_ doing sth.admitconsider suggest/adviseescaperiskimaginefeel likegive up汉语意思汉语意思英文搭配英文搭配16 推迟做某事推迟做某事_ doing sth.17 继续做某事继续做某事_ doing sth.18 反复做某事反复做某事_ doing sth.19 坚持做某事坚持做某事_ doing sth.20 忙于做某事忙于做某事_ doing sth.21 某事值得做某事值得做sth._ doing 22 不能忍受做某事不能忍受做某事
21、 _ doing sth.put offcarry onkeep oninsist onbe busybe worthcant stand(4) 接不定式与接动名词意思有差别接不定式与接动名词意思有差别的动词或短语动词也必须注意,常的动词或短语动词也必须注意,常见的有见的有8组,请根据汉语意思,用规组,请根据汉语意思,用规范工整的英语完成搭配后,熟读牢范工整的英语完成搭配后,熟读牢记:记:汉语汉语意思意思英文英文搭配搭配汉语汉语意思意思英文英文搭配搭配1 停止做停止做某某 事事_ doing sth.停下来去停下来去做某事做某事_ to do sth.2 试着做试着做某某 事事_ doing
22、sth.努力做努力做某某 事事_ to do sth.3 意味着意味着做某事做某事_ doing sth.打算做打算做某某 事事_ to do sth.4 忘记做忘记做过某事过某事_ doing sth.忘记做忘记做某某 事事_ to do sth.stopstoptrytrymeanmeanforgetforget 汉语汉语意思意思英文英文搭配搭配汉语汉语意思意思英文英文搭配搭配5 记得做记得做过某事过某事_ doing sth.记得要记得要做某事做某事_ to do sth.6 后悔做后悔做过某事过某事_ doing sth.遗憾地遗憾地做某事做某事_ to do sth.7 继续做继续做
23、(同一事同一事)_ doing sth.接着做接着做(另另一事一事)_ to do sth.8 情不自禁情不自禁做做 某某 事事_ doing sth.不能帮助不能帮助做做 某某 事事_ to do sth.rememberrememberregretregretgo ongo oncant helpcant help3.作定语作定语 要根据与逻辑主语的关系,是主动关要根据与逻辑主语的关系,是主动关系用现在分词系用现在分词(如真题再练第如真题再练第2题题),是,是被动关系就用过去分词被动关系就用过去分词(如真题再练第如真题再练第1、3题题)。若是表示未来的情况。若是表示未来的情况(发生在谓语发
24、生在谓语动词之后动词之后)或表示或表示“有有要要”用动词用动词不定式,在最高级或不定式,在最高级或“序数词序数词(+名词名词)”后或后或在在ability, chance, way等抽象名词后作定语等抽象名词后作定语也要用不定式。如:也要用不定式。如: I borrowed some books _ (read) during my holiday.解析:解析:因因“阅读阅读”在在“借书借书”之后,即之后,即表示未来,故用不定式作定语,填表示未来,故用不定式作定语,填to read。to read He told me that he had a composition _ (write).解
25、析解析:“有一篇作文要写有一篇作文要写”,即,即“有有要要”表示未来,故用不定式作定语,表示未来,故用不定式作定语,填填to write。to writeJack, a hard-working student, is always the first _(come) to school and the last to leave. 解析:解析:序数词后用不定式作定语,序数词后用不定式作定语,故填故填to come。to come Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old female scientist, became the first Chinese citizen _(win
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