名词性从句复习课件.ppt

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1、名词性从句名词性从句辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.How the book will sell depends on its author.2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.

2、6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：连接词： that, whether, if 连接代词：连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：连接副词：when, where, how, whythat只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任

3、何成分任任何成分,本身也没有词义，本身也没有词义，中可省中可省略略 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句放在主句谓语动词之前谓语动词之前或由或由形式主语形式主语itit代替，而本身代替，而本身放在句子末尾。放在句子末尾。 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例如：如： It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether y

4、ou succeed or not. What I need is book. 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句通常放在主句谓语动词谓语动词或或介词之后介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语作动词的宾语,例如：例如： I heard that he joined the army. She did not know what had happened. She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介词的宾语，作介词的宾语，例如：例如： Our success depends up

5、on how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语，作形容词的宾语，例如：例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game.4. it 可以作为形式宾语可以作为形式宾语 it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，例如：从句则放在句尾，例如： We thought it good news that the fog had fin

6、ally gone. 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动系动词词之后，一般结构是之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句主语连系动词表语从句”。可。可以接表语从句的连系动词有以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。等。例如：例如：1) The question is _ we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is _ we cant get the support of the people.3) But the fact remai

7、ns _ we are behind the other classes.whether/howwhythat 同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些句中某些抽象名词抽象名词的后面，说明这些名词的的后面，说明这些名词的含义、内容。含义、内容。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief，information,thought等。如：等。如：Beijing ,the capital of China, is my hometown

8、.We heard the news that our team had won. We were happy to hear the news that was announced by our boss.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句考点一：考点一：区别区别that 与与what考点二：考点二：区别区别whether 与与if 考点三：考点三：连词连词 what, whatever, whoever, whomever 用法用法考点四：考点四：it 作形式主语或形式宾语作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：考点五：名词性从句的语序名词性从句的语序考点六：考点六：名词性从句的虚拟语气的使用名词性

9、从句的虚拟语气的使用考点七：考点七：宾语从句中的前置宾语从句中的前置考点八：考点八：同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳 : 考点考点1：连接词：连接词 that 与与 what 的用法区别：的用法区别：What he said makes me happy.That a new teacher will come is true .that a. 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当充当 任何成分任何成分, 一般不可省略（宾语从一般不可省略（宾语从句除外）句除外）b. 动词后有两个动词后有两个that引导的宾

10、语从句引导的宾语从句时，第二个时，第二个that引导词不可省略。引导词不可省略。what 既既起起连接作用连接作用, 又在从句中作又在从句中作 主语主语, 宾宾语语, 表语表语1. _ he said at the meeting made us angry.2. 中国不再是过去的样子了。中国不再是过去的样子了。WhatChina is no longer _ it used to be.what考点考点2. 区别区别if 与与whether Whether he will come is unknown. 2. 表语从句，如：表语从句，如：The question is whether yo

11、u should accept it.3. 同位语从句，如：同位语从句，如：The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.1. 主语从句主语从句,如如4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：从句作介词的宾语，如： Im not interested in whether theyll go or not.It depends on whether we have got enough money. 5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：直接跟不定式连用，如：She hasnt decided whether to go or not.用if

12、或whether 填空1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _ they can do it matters little to us.6._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.whether/ifwhetherwhe

13、therwhetherWhetherIf _等引导的等引导的名词性从句名词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义，相，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从等引导的名词性从句句含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。 whoever, whateverwho, what 考点考点3. what,whatever,who,whoever1._ was said here must be kept secret.2._ we need is more time.3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.4._ breaks the law wil

14、l be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverNo matter who destroys the forest will be punished. （ 误误 ）no matter 只能引导状语从只能引导状语从句，句，ever既可引导状语从句既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句又可以引导名词性从句.no matter who/what与与whoever /whateverWhoever destroys the forest will be punished . （ 正正 ）1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。That he made suc

15、h a mistake is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。Whether he will come or not doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherIt is a pity that 考点考点 ：it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语形式宾语 it 作形式主语作形式主语1. This is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language .2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A.

16、 while B. that C. if D. for It it 作形式宾语作形式宾语 make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .1. Ive got to make clear that he told a lie.2. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 ) A. this B. that C. it D. one3. 他发现很难使别

17、人理解他他发现很难使别人理解他. He found _.itit difficult to make himself understoodit1. The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 从句一定用陈述语序从句一定用陈述语序2. You can hardly imagine _when he heard the n

18、ews .A. how he was excitedB. how was he excitedC. how excited he wasD. he was how excited考点考点 6 名词性从句的虚拟语气的使用名词性从句的虚拟语气的使用A: 在名词性从句中表示建议，要求，命令语在名词性从句中表示建议，要求，命令语气，要用气，要用 should do表示虚拟语气，表示虚拟语气，should可以省略可以省略.a.She suggested that he should go there right now.b.It was suggested that he go there right

19、now.c.My suggestion was that he go there right now.d.This is our suggestion that he go there right now. B: It is important/necessary/natural /strange.that主语从句中常用主语从句中常用should do 表示虚拟。表示虚拟。 eg. It is strange that he should act toward his parents like that.考点考点7 宾语从句中否定前移宾语从句中否定前移 否定前移否定前移 think,belie

20、ve,suppose,expect,imagine, guess,等动词的宾语从句如果是否定句，应等动词的宾语从句如果是否定句，应将否定词将否定词not移至主句。移至主句。I think that you two havent met before.I dont think you two have met before.考点八：同位语从句与定语从句的区别考点八：同位语从句与定语从句的区别重要的标志之一是被修饰词在从句中起不起重要的标志之一是被修饰词在从句中起不起语法作用。如果在从句中作主语、宾语、表语法作用。如果在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，则为定语从句，否则是同位语从句。语，则为定语从句，否

21、则是同位语从句。 1. I dont like his idea that the plan should be given up. 2. The idea that she thought of is helpful.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句1.We heard the news that our team had won.2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money.3. The news that he told me yesterday

22、was false.4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从同位语从句句表语从句表语从句1_was known to us all that Johnson had broken his promise_ he would give each of us a small gift.A. As ; whichB. What ; thatC. It ; that D. It ; which 解析

23、 It 作形式主语，that引导同位语从句。答案C2Its reported that the new underground line has been completed.Yes but it hasnt been made clear_ its to be opened to traffic.Athat Bwho Cwhat Dwhen解析 考查名词性从句的连接词。此处是when引导的主语从句。答案D3. The news_ Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize is_ surprised the world.Athat；what Bwhich；t

24、hatCthat；which D/；how解析 考查名词性从句的连接词。第一空同位语从句；第二空表语从句。答案A4_Taiwan has purchased a large quantity of arms from the US causes great tension in the Asian and Pacific district. A. What B. ThatC. It D. As解析 考查主语从句的连接词。此处that没有意思，不作成分，只起连接作用。答案B5. Is it, in your opinion, possible _ new measures will be tak

25、en to improve the terrible traffic?A. whether B. whatC. when D. that解析 考查主语从句的连接词。此处it是形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。答案D6_life began on the earth is one of the biggest puzzles to scientists.AHow B. WhatCWhere DThat解析 考点：名词性从句。连接词的选择考查。句意为：“生命在地球上如何开始的？”。此题容易误选B，误认为感叹句，感叹名词life。答案A7The world thinks highly of

26、_China and its people have achieved in the last year.A. that B. whichC. what D. how解析 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处of后为宾语从句，what是宾语从句的连接词，其在从句中作achieve的宾语。答案C8With the number of cars increasing rapidly in cities，a major problem is_ the cars can be parked.Awhich BthatCwhen Dwhere解析 考查表语从句。此处是where引导的表语从句。答案D9We are

27、very proud of_ you have accomplished so far. You should be proud too.A. what B. thatC. which D. where解析 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处of后为宾语从句，what作accomplish的宾语。答案A10. No one really knows exactly of when the first people arrived in_ we now know as California.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhich 解析 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处in后为宾语从句，what作k

28、now的宾语。答案A11. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of_ you read.Athat BwhatCwhich Dwhether解析 what引导的从句作介词of的宾语，同时what充当该从句的宾语。答案B12. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do_ it takes to save her life.Awhichever BhoweverCwhatever Dwhoever解析 考查名词性从句。宾语从句中及物动

29、词take缺少宾语，而且没有范围限制，故用whatever引导宾语从句。答案C13. The most exciting thing for him was_ he finally succeeded in_ seemed to be the most difficult exam to him.Athat; what Bthat; whichCwhat; that Dwhat; which解析 考查名词性从句。句意：对他来说最兴奋的事情是他最终在看似最困难的考试中取得了成功。前一个空格处是表语从句，that只是从句中的引导词，不充当成分；后一个空格处是宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。解析

30、A14The rescue team are considering _ they can do more for the people suffering from the snowstorm. So they are.Awhat BwhateverCif Dhow解析 考查名词性从句。此处是由how引导的从句作considering的宾语。从句中do已有宾语more，所以不能用what或whatever；C项if不符合语境。所以这里选D项。答案D15. Pupils usually would like to take _ advice their teachers give.Awhichever BhoweverCwhatever Dwhenever解析 考查宾语从句。根据语意“学生们通常愿意接受老师所给的任何建议”可知此处用whatever，指“任何(事物)”。答案：C