英美文学导论重点.pdf

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1、What is LiteratureWhat is Literature：14thcentury:Itmeanspolitelearningthroughreading. A man of literatureor a man of letters = a manof wide reading, literacy18th century: practice andprofession of writing19th century: the high skillsofwritinginthespecialcontextofhighimagination。My definition:In the

2、widest sense it is justabout anything written. Inthe more specialized sense,itistheartthatuselanguage as a medium andcharacterized by beauty ofexpression and form and byuniversality ofintellectualand emotional appeal.What is poetry?What is poetry?A literary form Written inlinesCompressed contentRich

3、 imageryBeautiful harmonyGreat artistic appealSonnetSonnet 十四行诗：an exact form of poetry in14linesofiambicpentameterintricatelyrhymed.玄学派诗歌玄学派诗歌：Thetermmetaphysicalpoetry is commonly usedto name the work of the17th century writers whowrote under the influenceofJohnDonne.Metaphysical poets tried tobre

4、akawayfromtheconventional fashion of theElizabethan love poetry.OdeOde颂颂 : :anelaboratelyformal lyric poem, often intheformofalengthyceremonious address to aperson or abstract entity,always serious and elevatedin tone.Imagism and Ezra PoundImagism and Ezra PoundAnimageisthatwhichpresents an intellec

5、tual andemotionalcomplexinaninstant of time.(1) Direct treatment of thething whether subjectiveor objective.(2) To use absolutely nowordthatdoesnotcontributetothepresentation.(3) As regarding rhythm:to compose in the sequenceof the musical phrase, notinthesequenceofametronome.什么是小说：什么是小说：Aworkoffict

6、ionisanarrative that originates intheimaginationoftheauthor.Sometimes the stories aretrue, but more often theyare not.Some fictionhistorical orautobiographical fiction, forexamplemayfocusonrealpeopleand theplotmay be grounded in actualevents,butthewaycharacters interact and howtheplotunfoldsaretheau

7、thors own invention.The purpose of fiction aremainly forentertainment,instruction,andaestheticpleasure of the reader小小 说说 要要 素素 ： PlotSettingPointofviewThemeToneIronyStyleLost Generation 垮掉的一代：applied to the disillusionedintellectuals and aesthetesof the years following theFirstWorldWar ,whorebelled

8、againstformerideals and values;代表人物：代表人物：Francis Scott FitzgeraldEzra PoundSherwood AndersonWilliam FaulknerErnest Hemingway什么是戏剧：什么是戏剧：Adramaisaworkofliterature or a compositionwhichdelineateslifeandhuman activity by means ofpresenting various actionsof, and dialogues between agroup of characters. And itisdesignedfortheatricalpresentation戏剧要素：戏剧要素：Plot Character ThoughtDiction Music Spectacle戏剧分类：戏剧分类：TragedyComedyTragicomedyMelodramaProblem playFarceFatancy